Abstract: A spectrophotometer having a light-receiving optical system that images light to be measured from a position for measurement and generates imaged light to be measured; a slit formation including a slit that causes the imaged light to be measured to pass and that generates light to be measured, which travels along a measurement optical path; a grating that diffracts the light to be measured, which travels along the measurement optical path, and generates diffracted light; a sensor that receives the diffracted light and outputs a signal representing a spectral spectrum; and an observation light source that is disposed on an optical path of zeroth light among the diffracted light and that emits observation light toward the grating at a time of observing the position for measurement.

Abstract: A method of adapting a Lab setpoint color value of multicolored printed products, wherein a special color is replaced by process colors using an ICC color profile. A measurement point that is assigned to the replaced special color on the printed product is metrologically acquired using a color measuring system and a Lab actual color value of the measurement point is calculated. The ICC color profile or a standardized ICC color profile is used for computing the color composition of the Lab setpoint color value from the participating process colors. Changes of the layer thicknesses of the participating process colors are ascertained to achieve a predetermined Lab setpoint color value of the measurement point using a digital tool or a digital model. The participating process colors are adapted using the ascertained changes of their layer thicknesses.

Abstract: A system for performing spectroscopy, including a first frequency comb source outputting first electromagnetic radiation comprising a first frequency comb centered at a first wavelength and having a first repetition rate; a second frequency comb source outputting a second electromagnetic radiation comprising a second frequency comb centered at a second wavelength and having a second repetition rate; a nonlinear device positioned to receive the first frequency comb and the second frequency comb, wherein the nonlinear device interacts the first frequency comb and the second frequency comb through sum frequency generation or difference frequency generation so as to generate an output electromagnetic radiation; and a detection system outputting a signal in response to detecting an interference of the output electromagnetic radiation with a third electromagnetic radiation, the signal comprising information used for determining a spectrum of at least the first frequency comb or the second frequency comb.

Abstract: The spectrometer includes a lightguide substrate, an upper grating layer, a lower grating layer, an image sensor, and a readout circuit. The upper grating layer is disposed on the lightguide substrate and configured to receive a light. The upper grating layer includes a first grating structure, a second grating structure, and a third grating structure, and the first, second, and third grating structures have different grating periods. The lightguide substrate is configured to diffract the light when the light propagates into the lightguide substrate, such that multiple diffraction lights are formed and each of the multiple diffraction lights has different wavelengths and different optical path. The lower grating layer is disposed under the lightguide substrate and configured to emit the multiple diffraction lights. The image sensor is disposed under the lower grating layer. The readout circuit is disposed under the image sensor.

Abstract: Chemical composition of liquid phase samples is determined based on laser induced ablation spectroscopy of droplets. An aerosol jet comprising a carrier gas and liquid phase sample droplets, less than about 10 microns in diameter, is formed. An emissive plasma plume is generated from the sample droplets using a pulsed laser to deposit energy at a focal point in the aerosol jet. Light from the plasma plume is gathered with a concave mirror and focused into one end of a fiber optic lightguide. The lightguide can transmit spectral emissions from the plume to a spectrometer/detector which can send wavelength and intensity values to a computer. The computer is operable to determine a liquid sample composition based on the wavelength and intensity values.

Abstract: A method and a device for determining a concentration of a component in a fluid is described. The method comprises the steps of providing from a first optical sensor (1) a first light intensity (IR1A) for light which has interacted with the fluid at a first point in time (A), and a second light intensity (IR1B) for light which has interacted with the fluid at a second point in time (B), wherein the first light intensity (IR1A) is different from the second light intensity (IR1B), and providing from a second optical sensor (2) a third light intensity (IR2A) for light which has interacted with the fluid at the first point in time (A), and a fourth light intensity (IR2B) for light which has interacted with the fluid at the second point in time (B).

Abstract: An optical detection system, a blood cell analyzer and a platelet detection method are provided. The optical detection system includes: an optical subsystem, a flow chamber and a first detector; the optical subsystem includes a laser, a front optical assembly including an optical isolator, and a rear optical assembly including a blocking diaphragm. The laser is configured to emit a laser beam; the front optical assembly is configured to perform front optical treatment; the rear optical assembly is disposed downstream of the flow chamber in the propagation direction of the laser beam, and is configured to perform rear optical treatment on the scattered light and the laser beam converged at the blocking diaphragm; and the optical isolator is configured to isolate reflected light that is generated when the laser beam passes through the flow chamber.

Abstract: In some examples, multiple front-end device based high speed OTDR acquisition may include measuring, in parallel, light transmission with respect to specified optical fibers of a plurality of optical fibers by utilizing a plurality of analog and optic front-end devices. A front-end interlace may be operatively connected to the plurality of analog and optic front-end devices. The front-end interface may convert analog signals received from the specified analog and optic front-end devices to digital signals. A measurement controller may be operatively connected to the front-end interlace to control operation of the plurality of analog and optic front-end devices, and analyze, based on the digital signals, a property of the specified optical fibers.

Abstract: A dual-comb spectrometer comprising two lasers outputting respective frequency combs having a frequency offset between their intermode beat frequencies. One laser acts as a master and the other as a follower. Although the master laser is driven nominally with a DC drive signal, the current on its drive input line nevertheless oscillates with an AC component that follows the beating of the intermode comb lines lasing in the driven master laser. This effect is exploited by tapping off this AC component and mixing it with a reference frequency to provide the required frequency offset, the mixed signal then being supplied to the follower laser as the AC component of its drive signal. The respective frequency combs in the optical domain are thus phase-locked relative to each other in one degree of freedom, so that the electrical signals obtained by multi-heterodyning the two optical signals are frequency stabilized.

Abstract: A method is implemented to determine a concentration of oil in a water sample. A specified amount of cyclohexane is added to the water sample to form a mixture. The mixture is stirred. An oil phase is extracted from the mixture. An absorbance value of the extracted oil phase is measured at a specified wavelength in the visible light spectrum. The specified wavelength is in a range of from 390 nanometers (nm) to 600 nm. The concentration of oil in the water sample is determined based on the measured absorbance value of the extracted oil phase.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for identifying an isotope of interest by generating an optical beam with a specific frequency; applying an acoustic wave to an acousto-optic device to induce a frequency shift in the optical beam; directing the frequency-shifted optical beam onto the sample; adjusting the frequency of the acoustic wave to match the energy level transition of the isotope; exciting the isotope to a higher energy level through absorption of the frequency-shifted optical beam; and detecting the resulting energy level transition of the isotope.

Abstract: A method and device for restoring and reconstructing a light source spectrum based on a hyperspectral image are provided. A hyperspectral image is processed to obtain a first maximum spectrum. The first maximum spectrum is matched with a light source spectral basis vector set in a light source spectrum dictionary, and a linear decomposition is performed to obtain a dictionary set. The maximum value of each waveband is obtained and iterative approximation is performed. Therefore, it can quickly restore the spectrum of the light source of the shooting environment from a single hyperspectral image using a relatively simple calculation process, and can still achieve a good restoration effect for monochromatic image scenes or image scenes with few colors, even close to the real light source spectrum. After the light source spectrum is obtained, this information can be further utilized for different kinds of applications.

Abstract: An optical system 10 includes a front group 11, a light shielding member 4, and a rear group 12 disposed in order from a side of an object to a side of an image. The light shielding member 4 has an opening. The rear group 12 has a diffraction surface 5 and an aspherical surface 6. The aspherical surface 6 in a first section has a non-circular-arc shape. The grating spacing of the diffraction surface 5 in the first section changes from a center portion toward a peripheral portion to include an extremum value at the center portion. In the first section, the shape of at least one of a base surface of the diffraction surface 5 and an optical surface disposed closer than the diffraction surface 5 to the side of the object is asymmetric with respect to a normal line at a vertex thereof.

Abstract: A method of analysing a sample in the form of a droplet provided on a sample-receiving surface includes providing a light source and a detector in a housing, positioning said sample-receiving surface in or on the housing, and focussing an incident beam of light to a focal point in the vicinity of the sample. Light is detected from the sample resulting from an interaction with the sample, the sample-receiving surface, or the atmosphere surrounding the sample. At least one parameter of the detected light is measured, and the sample-receiving surface is translated relative to the housing such that the focal point is at a different region of the sample, the sample-receiving surface, or the atmosphere surrounding the sample. The step of measuring one or more parameters of the detected light is repeated following the translating step.

Abstract: A Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) device to perform accurate label-free long-read DNA sequencing. A Raman sensor has a hot spot defined by plasmonic nanostructures and excited by at least one laser. An immobilized DNA polymerase can be used to pull a DNA template strand to be sequenced through the hot spot.

Abstract: An example system for measuring emissions from a building includes a housing, a plurality of sensors arranged in the housing to detect concentrations of gas constituents in gas exiting the building, a gas flow sensor to detect a gas flow rate of the gas exiting the building, and a computing device to perform functions of calculating a total emissions of the particular gas constituent being tracked from a concentration of the particular gas constituent detected by the plurality of sensors and the gas flow rate, calculating an emission rate of the particular gas constituent being tracking, determining whether the total emissions and the emission rate of the particular gas constituent are within acceptable ranges, and based on the total emissions and the emission rate of the particular gas constituent being outside the acceptable ranges, outputting a prompt to a building computer system or operator indicating an alert.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for acquiring a Raman spectral map of a sample including a material species.

Abstract: The device for determining fish gender includes a housing having a transparent window mounted in an upper wall of the housing. A photodetector is mounted over the transparent window. An ELISA plate is provided, including at least one positive well for containing at least one sample known to test positive for vitellogenin, at least one negative well for containing at least one sample known to test negative for vitellogenin, and at least one test well for containing at least one sample to be tested. The photodetector detects colors associated with each sample, and a determination of fish gender is made based on a comparison of the color of the at least one sample to be tested against the colors of the samples known to test positive and negative for vitellogenin, where the presence of vitellogenin indicates a female fish, and the absence of vitellogenin indicates a male fish.

Abstract: A validation test piece is for validating a bio-sample detection device, which includes an insert port for insertion of the validation test piece and a detection module. The validation test piece includes a base seat, a test element, a standardized data and a top cover. The base seat includes a seat body and a receiving member disposed on the seat body. The test element is connected to the receiving member, and includes a test region to be detected by the detection module. The standardized data corresponds to a sample number of the test region. The top cover is connected to the base seat for covering the test element.

Abstract: An optical fiber distributed acoustic sensor (DAS) system for detecting a red palm weevil and/or its larvae inside a tree. The system includes an optical fiber that is configured to be placed next to a tree; and a DAS box optically connected to the optical fiber and configured to receive a reflected light from the optical fiber. The DAS box includes electronics that extracts from the reflected light a frequency in a range of [400 Hz, 4 kHz], and sends a message indicating a presence of the red palm weevil and/or its larvae inside the tree.