Abstract: Fourier Transformation Spectrometer, FT Spectrometer, comprising: A double beam interferometer, comprising: At least one beam splitter unit (622; 623; 624, 625, 626, 627; 636; 673, 674, 675) for splitting an incident light beam (EB) of a spatially expanded object into a first partial beam (TB1) and a second partial beam (TB2); at least a first beam deflection unit (630; 641; 651; 661; 697) designed to deflect the first partial beam (TB1) at least a first and a second time, wherein the second beam deflection unit (630) is designed to also deflect the second partial beam (TB2) at least at first and a second time; or the double beam interferometer comprises a second beam deflection unit (642; 652; 662) designed to deflect the second partial beam (TB2) at least a first and a second time, wherein the beam deflection unit is also designed to at least partially spatially overlay the first partial beam (TB1) and the second partial beam (TB2), and the respectively first and second deflection of the first partial beam

Abstract: A biological information measurement apparatus comprises: a spectrometer; a housing that contains the spectrometer and includes a surface on which a measurement target is to be placed, and an aperture portion through which light illuminating the measurement target placed on the surface and light reflected from the measurement target are to pass; and a shutter member that can move between a first position of opposing the aperture portion of the housing and a second position of retreating from the first position of opposing the aperture portion, the shutter member including a white reference surface. If the shutter member is at the first position, the spectrometer performs calibration using the white reference surface. If the shutter member is at the second position, the aperture portion and the measurement target oppose each other, and the spectrometer colorimetrically measures the measurement target.

Abstract: A method may include drilling a wellbore, the wellbore intersecting a shale formation at an interval of the shale formation and casing at least a portion of the wellbore. The method may also include perforating the casing at the interval to fluidly couple the interval and the wellbore, and liberating free and absorbed gas entrapped within the interval. In addition, the method may include solubilizing in the wellbore fluid the free and absorbed gas, forming a plume comprising solubilized gas, and determining an identity and amount of solubilized gas in the plume.

Abstract: A method is provided for hyperspectral inversion of a phosphorus content of rubber tree leaves. The method includes: acquiring hyperspectral data of to-be-detected rubber tree leaves; extracting key wavelengths of the rubber tree leaves according to the hyperspectral data and a pre-established wavelength extraction model, where the key wavelengths are related to the phosphorus content of the rubber tree leaves, and the pre-established wavelength extraction model is obtained by learning and training hyperspectral sample data and sample phosphorus content data pairs in a pre-established sample database by adopting a competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS) algorithm and a successive projection algorithm (SPA); and inputting the key wavelengths into a pre-established phosphorus content prediction model to calculate the phosphorus content of the to-be-detected rubber tree leaves.

Abstract: An electronic device may include sensors such as a visible-light image sensor for capturing images. The sensors may also include optical sensors that operate at other wavelengths. An infrared light sensor may be used to gather an infrared light spectrum of a target object. The infrared light sensor may have a beam steerer and other adjustable components such as adjustable lenses and adjustable polarizers. During operation, an infrared beam emitted by the infrared light sensor may be steered onto the target object using information from a captured visible-light image and/or other sensor data such as distance sensor data, orientation sensor data, three-dimensional image sensor data, and data from other sensors. Infrared spectra, visible-light camera images, and/or data from other sensors may be used in characterizing target objects so that notifications can be provided to a user and other actions taken.

Abstract: Systems for measuring a concentration of a target species include a first and second tunable diode laser generating laser light at a respective first and second wavelength each corresponding to respective absorption lines of the target species. A first optical fiber is optically coupled to the first tunable diode laser, and does not support a fundamental mode at the second wavelength. A second optical fiber is coupled to the second tunable diode laser and does not support a fundamental mode at the first wavelength. A fiber bundle includes respective distal ends of the first and second optical fibers, which are stripped of their respective coatings and arranged with their claddings adjacent to each other. A pitch head is configured to project respective optical beams from the fiber bundle through a measurement zone. A catch head located across the measurement zone receives the projected beams and directs them to a sensor.

Abstract: In accordance with an example embodiment, a laser arrangement is provided, the laser arrangement comprising a light source for generating light output; a collimator assembly for collimating the light output from the light source into a pump beam; an optical resonator assembly for generating pulsed output beam based on the pump beam directed thereat; and a beam displacement assembly for laterally shifting the pump beam to adjust the position at which the pump beam meets a surface of the optical resonator assembly.

Abstract: A general purpose sensor architecture integrating a surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrate, a diffractive laser beam delivery substrate and a diffractive infrared detection substrate is provided that can be used to implement a low-cost, compact lab-on-a-chip biosensor that can meet the needs of large-scale infectious disease testing. The sensor architecture can also be used in any other application in which molecules present in the liquid, gaseous or solid phases need to be characterized reliably, cost-effectively and with minimal intervention by highly skilled personnel.

Abstract: The subject of the invention is the method of detecting and diagnosing the progression of diabetes using Raman spectroscopy which involves the examination of the changes in the composition of urinary extracellular vesicles which confirm the existence of the condition and its progression. The invention can be applied in clinical practice, in particular in the early clinical diagnostics of diabetes and in the monitoring of its progression, in particular diabetic nephropathy and advanced renal impairment caused by diabetes.

Abstract: A device for inspection and authentication of gemstones (diamond pieces) includes a first member having a plurality of gemstone receiving portions, a second member having a plurality of diamonds covering portions which correspond to the gemstone receiving portions; each of the diamond covering portions having a viewing and inspection opening formed therein, a connection member disposed between end portions of the first and second members, a seal placement area formed on each of the first and second members; and an authentication seal configured to be placed on the seal placement area. The authentication seal is provided on the seal placement area without obstructing the viewing and inspection openings. The size of the viewing and inspection openings is less than size of gemstones placed in the gemstone receiving portion. The viewing and inspection opening includes one or more elongated portions for inserting a twizzer therethrough for holding and rotating diamond.

Abstract: A system and method for detecting pathogenetic analytes including exciting a large target input area with radiation to produce scattered light to form an input beam, reformatting, with an optical slicer system, the input beam to produce an output beam, dispersing the output beam to produce an output area, capturing excitation data from the output area; and determining, with a processor, a presence of a particular analyte in the input area based on the excitation data. The input area can be greater than 100 micron squared and less than one million microns squared. The optical slicer system can be a high throughput virtual slit system. SERS analysis detects analytes of interest with both high resolution and sensitivity simultaneously, and is applicable for detection of the presence of viruses.

Abstract: A biological tissue analyzing device configured to analyze a biological tissue using hyperspectral data in which spectral information is associated with each of pixels forming a two-dimensional image and comprising the following (i) and (ii), as well as comprising (iii) and/or (iv): (i) a hyperspectral data acquisition unit configured to acquire the hyperspectral data; (ii) an analysis target region extraction unit configured to extract pixels corresponding to an analysis target region from a two-dimensional image of the biological tissue; (iii) an altered state classification unit configured to roughly classify an altered state of the biological tissue with unsupervised learning; and (iv) an altered state identification unit configured to identify the altered state of the biological tissue with supervised learning.

Abstract: A method for determining sucrose concentration in honey. The method includes preparing a sample of honey, stimulating the sample by emitting a first laser beam on the sample in a first stimulation direction, detecting a fluorescence spectrum from a first fluorescence emission emitted from the sample in a first detection direction, detecting a first pair of fluorescence peaks and a second pair of peak wavelengths in the fluorescence spectrum, and determining a sucrose concentration based on one of the first pair and the second pair utilizing a database. The database includes a plurality of predetermined sucrose concentrations associated with the first pair or the second pair.

Abstract: A method for visualizing a data set as an image on a display having an x-axis and a y-axis is described. The data set comprises a plurality of values, each value of the plurality of values being associated to a respective point in a first dimension and a respective point in a second dimension, wherein the first dimension and the second dimension are assigned to the x-axis and the y-axis, respectively. A first resolution value for the image in the direction of the x-axis, and a second resolution value for the image in the direction of the y-axis are provided, wherein the first resolution value and the second resolution value are independent from each other. Based on the first resolution value and the second resolution value, the image is calculated as a representation of the data set. Further, a data processing device and a computer-readable storage medium are described.

Abstract: A light detection and ranging receiver includes a chassis and a first mirror assembly. The first mirror assembly includes a bracket detachably mounted on the chassis, a first mirror mount configured to hold a first mirror for receiving and deflecting a light beam to a photodetector, a first set of elastic connectors attached to both the bracket and the first mirror mount to couple the first mirror mount to the bracket, and a first set of screws extending through the bracket and in contact with the first mirror mount, where the first set of screws are adjustable to change a distance and an orientation of the first mirror mount with respect to the bracket.

Abstract: An emitter structure includes a substrate with a membrane arrangement. The membrane arrangement includes at least one first membrane, a first heating path and a second heating path in different substrate planes. The first heating path and the second heating path are positioned with respect to one another such that a projection of the first heating path and a projection of the second heating path onto a common plane lie at least partly next to one another in the common plane.

Abstract: Method and system for underwater hyperspectral imaging of seabed impact, environmental state or environmental footprint from natural or man-made sedimentation comprising hyperspectral imaging of ecological, chemical or sediment indicators in an observation area and identifying and classifying ecological, chemical or sediment indicators in the observation area.

Abstract: The present disclosure refers to a system for monitoring emissions. The system comprises an appliance with a mobile emission monitoring platform configured to identify and quantify a gas emission; an optional rangefinder configured to determine a size of a gas emission plume and a velocity of the gas emission plume; and an imaging device configured to provide an image. The appliance is mounted to an extendable mast on, for example, a trailer such that the system may provide mobile and continuous monitoring of emissions.

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems and methods to extend the capabilities of inertial and/or viscoelastic focusing in channels, such as microchannels. The new systems and methods can be integrated with existing microfluidic devices for inertial and/or viscoelastic manipulation of particles that have defied prior attempts, enabling a variety of applications in clinical diagnosis. The particles, e.g., bioparticles and cells, focus into streamlines in the same way and in the same locations as in existing inertial and viscoelastic focusing systems, but at much lower particle Reynolds numbers, much lower shear stress, over much shorter distances, and at lower driving pressures and/or flow rates.

Abstract: A molecular spectrophotometric method of high precision and accuracy for determining concentration of oil-derived hydrocarbons in water is described. The method allows to obtain direct measurements of oil mass concentration in a water sample and uses environmentally friendly solvents.