Abstract: Various methods for decreasing the amount of nitrogen oxides released to the atmosphere as a component of combustion gas mixtures are provided. The methods specifically provide for the removal of nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide (NOx) from gas mixtures emitted from stationary combustion systems. In particular, methods for improving efficiency of nitrogen oxide reduction from combustion systems include injecting metal-containing compounds into the main combustion zone and/or the reburning zone of a combustion system. The metal containing compounds react with active combustion species, and these reactions change radical concentrations and significantly improve NOx conversion to molecular nitrogen. The metal-containing additives can be injected with the main fuel, in the main combustion zone, with secondary or reburning fuel addition, or at several locations in the main combustion zone and reburning zone.

Abstract: A burner for non-symmetrical combustion includes a burner housing enclosing a burner plenum. A fuel conduit extends longitudinally within the housing and is positioned coaxial with a line spaced from a central axis of the burner. The fuel conduit defines a fuel exit opening. An air conduit extends into the housing and defines an air opening on an opposite side of the burner central axis from the fuel exit opening. The air opening is positioned a greater distance away from the burner central axis than the fuel exit opening. The air conduit has a cross-sectional shape in the form of a segment of a circle. A baffle is positioned at least partially around the fuel conduit and defines the air conduit. A burner port block is connected to the baffle downstream of the fuel exit opening. The burner port block has a sidewall diverging from the burner central axis.

Abstract: A hydraulically powered rail pre-heater for heating rail ends before they are welded together, which includes a blower driven by a hydraulic motor for producing a substantially constant flow of air, a source for propane gas or other combustible media to be regulated and mixed and then delivered to a torch for the application of a flame to the rail ends.

Abstract: A gas-fired infra-red burner has a dome-shaped wire mesh burner screen bulging out of the plane of the burner opening away from a plenum. This bulge or dome effect allows the screen to undergo controlled thermal expansion without any rippling, waviness or other undesirable deformation of the screen. A metal blocking plate is secured to the center of the screen and blocks the flow of gas therethrough to create a non-radiating zone at the center of the burner, thus providing even heating over the surface of the food being cooked. A plurality of creases radiate from the approximate center of the plate in a star-shaped pattern, and the plate is bent about several of the creases to give it a concave surface which contacts the screen. When heated, the creases grow in height so that the overall horizontal dimensions of the plate do not increase as much as would a flat plate.

Abstract: Infrared emitter with luminous radiation for a supply of gas at very low pressure and of primary atmospheric air via venturi, said supply comprising at least one gas injector, an injector holder, a safety valve, a gas supply connector, especially for raised heating appliances for directional heating towards the ground and/on the sides in the agricultural, industrial, craft and service sectors, characterized in that it comprises: a geometrical structure comprising at least one first (1), second (2), third (4) and fourth (5) concentric enclosure, a substantially horizontal upper plate (6) below which the said at least first (1), second (2), third (4), fourth (5) enclosures are fixed concentrically to said plate, fitting the one inside the other, a central opening (7) leading the air-gas flow perpendicularly to said plate, into the interior space created by the first enclosure (1).

Abstract: A flat-flame burner for reheat, holding, and heat-treatment furnaces for treating iron and steel products. It has at least one fuel-injection pipe lying along the axis of the body of the burner, a combustion tunnel and a combustion-air feed, the air being distributed in and by the body. The fuel is introduced via the injection pipe or pipes through at least one axial orifice lying in a plane close to the external plane of the combustion tunnel, into the combustion products. This produces a first dilution of the fuel in these combustion products, the fuel/combustion products mixture thus obtained being diluted further in the combustion air.

Abstract: An improved stove ignition structure includes an ignition knob, a jump spark power source, a magnetic switch, an electric spark generator, and a lead wire for circuit connection. The ignition knob is provided on a control panel of a stove. The center of the knob face near the control panel is inserted and fixed in a valve shaft extending from a gas valve in the stove. A magnetic is disposed at the periphery of the knob face at a suitable position. The magnetic switch is provided on the inner wall of the stove corresponding to the ignition knob such that the magnet reaches a determined ignition position. Two electrical contacts of the magnetic switch are connected to the jump spark power source of the stove. A voltage output end of the jump spark power source is connected via the lead wire to the spark generator at the bottom of a stove disk.

Abstract: A miniature heat source capable of being used in a hand-held device for delivering a metered pulse of fuel to a combustion chamber where it is converted into a pulsed amount of heat. For example, the heat source apparatus can be used in a hand-held cigarette smoking system or within a portable device wherein a microturbine generates electricity, as well as any type of environment where a high energy pulse of heat is desired. The heat source includes a valve such as a sliding, rotatable or timed valve which delivers a metered volume of fuel to the combustion chamber. The valve can deliver the fuel, in an expanded gaseous form, to a venturi conduit which increases the velocity of the gas flow, and delivers the fuel to a combustion chamber where the gas is mixed with air. The combustible mixture is then combusted within the combustion chamber by ignition and/or by catalyzed oxidation.

Abstract: An air extraction hood, which comprises a canopy defining an enclosed air collection and treatment zone, and having an operatively downwardly directed air inlet through which air to be treated can enter the zone, as well as an air outlet through which air can be discharged from the zone, the canopy being mountable with clearance above a cooking surface such that its inlet is located above the cooking surface; mounting means for mounting treatment means inside the canopy in the collection and treatment zone, between the inlet and outlet; and passageway defining means defining an air passageway between the inlet and the mounting means along which air can pass, with at least part of the passageway defining means being curved over at least a major portion of the distance from the inlet to the mounting means, to enhance air flow along the passageway.

Abstract: An energy generating apparatus using the cyclic combustion of Brown gas is disclosed. The apparatus comprises a heat generating unit, an outer wall, a Brown gas generator, an open-shut valve and a burner. The heat generating unit is positioned on a base. The outer wall surrounds the heat generating unit so as to define a combustion chamber, is provided with a discharge hole at its upper portion, and radiates infrared rays. The Brown gas generator is used to generate Brown gas. The open-shut valve is positioned between supply pipes so as to block the Brown gas discharged from the Brown gas generator. The burner is used to heat the heat generating unit by burning Brown gas supplied through the open-shut valve and the supply pipes.

Abstract: A gas pipe ignitor 10 is provided which is operable to ignite a non-premixed air and fuel mixture and includes an air supply conduit 20 which has an axis ASL, a supply end 22, and a flame end 24 axially spaced from the supply end 22. The gas pipe ignitor also includes a fuel supply conduit 26 extending axially interiorly within at least a portion of the air supply conduit 20 and having an entrance end 28 and an exit end 30. The gas pipe ignitor further includes two branch passages 32 each communicated with the fuel supply conduit 26. The gas pipe ignitor also includes a deflector body 38 disposed in the air supply conduit 20 and is configured relative to the air supply conduit 20 such that air flowing in the air supply conduit 20 flows along a pass through passage PTP from upstream of the upstream most surface 40 of the deflector body 38 to downstream of the deflector body 38.

Abstract: A safety lighter is locked in a non-operable condition with a safety latch operable with a rotatable gear device. The rotatable gear is located in a top surface of the lighter actuator, and is coupled to a rack that moves linearly when the gear is rotated. The rack is extended into or withdrawn from the lighter housing to prevent or permit actuation of the lighter mechanism, respectfully. A lower portion of the rack has a sloped profile to permit the rack to be pushed upward by the lighter housing when the actuation device is returned to a normal, locked position. In the normal, locked position, the rack is driven into the lighter housing by a spring located in the actuator. The actuator mechanism is unlocked by rotating the gear in a direction opposite to that of the rotational direction for operating the actuator. The location of the gear on the top surface of the actuator permits the actuator to be unlocked and operated by an adult in a simple manner, while making the same task difficult for a child.

Abstract: Improved burner performance is achieved by providing an atmospheric gas burner with a spiral-shaped burner body. A plurality of ports is formed in the burner body so as to be in fluid communication with the burner's internal chamber. Preferably, the burner body includes a substantially cylindrical hub section and an arm section that is joined at one end to the hub section and bends around the hub section.

Abstract: Increased turndown ratio is achieved by providing an atmospheric gas burner having a burner body with a plurality of ports formed therein and a fuel flow divider disposed in the burner body. The fuel flow divider defines a primary fuel chamber and at least one secondary fuel chamber, wherein the secondary fuel chamber is in fluid communication with at least one of the ports and the primary fuel chamber is in fluid communication with the remaining ports. A first mixing tube introduces a fuel-air mixture into the primary fuel chamber, and a second mixing tube introduces a fuel-air mixture into the secondary fuel chamber.

Abstract: Device (1) for the surface emission of infrared radiation, comprising a combustion chamber (2) having a wall (3) made of refractory material, permeable through its thickness, suitable for the passage of a mixture (4) to be burnt (combustible gas (30) plus oxidizer gas (31), for example air) from its upstream face (3a) to its downstream face (3b), and the internal developed surface of which is coated with a catalytic combustion material, and an upstream chamber (5) supplied on one side with the mixture to be burnt and closed on the other side by the catalytic combustion wall. The combustion chamber (2) includes at least one heat exchange wall (6), placed upstream of and facing the catalytic wall (3), in order to receive via its downstream face (6b) at least most of the heat radiated by the upstream face (3a) of said catalytic combustion wall, said heat exchange wall made of refractory material also being permeable through its thickness and suitable for passage of the mixture (4) to be burnt.

Abstract: In order to realize a catalytic combustion apparatus capable of effectively utilizing radiation from a surface of a catalytic element, providing a higher efficiency of heat exchange, and characterized in superior characteristics of an exhaust gas, a catalytic combustion apparatus according to the invention comprises a catalytic element 7 in the shape of a plate consisting of multiple through-holes for combusting a mixed gas of a fuel gas and air and a combustion chamber 6 accommodating the catalytic element 7, and incorporating a radiated heat receiving plate 11 that is positioned in opposition to either one of two surfaces of the catalytic element 7 as a part of its side walls.

Abstract: The invention comprises a lighter such as a cigarette lighter including a housing. Ignition means are provided for the lighter. The ignition means include a member manually movable with respect to the housing. A lock between the manually moveable member and the housing, and release means are provided which are manually operable to release the lock to allow the manually moveable member to move relative to the housing to allow or cause ignition of the lighter. The release means require manual movement to release the lock in a direction different to the direction of movement of the manually moveable member to allow or cause ignition.

Abstract: A portable flare stack includes a base having a first end and a second end. A tubular conduit extends substantially the length of the base. The tubular conduit has a flaring end and a gas connection end. The tubular conduit is pivotally mounted at one of the first end and the second end of the base for movement between a travel position and a flaring position in which the tubular conduit extends substantially perpendicular to the chassis. A counterweight is positioned adjacent to the gas connection end of the tubular conduit. A drive mechanism is provided for moving the tubular conduit, as required, between the travel position and the flaring position.

Abstract: A utility lighter (10), which utilizes the fuel, the actuation mechanism (22, 24, 26, 28, 30) and/or the child-resistant mechanism of a pocket lighter (16), is disclosed. The utility lighter is sized and dimensioned to receive the pocket lighter. The utility lighter also defines a cut-out portion (44, 46) on its housing to expose the actuation mechanism and/or the child-resistant mechanism therethrough for user manipulation.

Abstract: A safety mechanism in a cigarette lighter that utilizes a double-button actuator system. The safety button has an aperture through which is positioned an ignition button. The safety button and the ignition button are adjoined by a flange such that when the safety button is depressed the ignition button is also depressed. The safety mechanism also includes a stopper, which limits the downward movement of the safety button. Thus the safety button translates downward sufficiently to operate the fuel-release lever opening the fuel-discharge valve. However, in order to activate the piezoelectric unit the ignition button must be depressed below the level of the contact surface of the safety button.