Abstract: An inclusion candle includes an inner core formed of wax and a wick, an outer annulus formed of wax and an inflammable inclusion and a mesh sleeve disposed Intermediate the core and the annulus. The sleeve defines interstices therethrough, the wax of the core and the wax of the annulus binding together through the interstices of the sleeve. The sleeve is formed of a material having a coefficient of thermal expansion compatible with that of the annulus wax to preclude cracking of said annulus during candle formation and candle burning.

Abstract: An incinerator with a heat-storage capability is disclosed. The incinerator has a housing with multiple communicating chambers defined therein, heat-storing medium received in each chamber, a heater mounted in the housing, an inlet tube and an outlet tube connecting to all of the chambers respectively, a control valve mounted between the inlet tube or outlet tube and each corresponding chamber and an air pump mounted on the outlet tube. The incinerator can deal with the industrial waste steam by the medium in alternate chambers one after the other, and the medium can absorb the heat generated by burning the volatile organic material in the industrial waste steam. This can increase the thermal efficiency of the incinerator and decrease cost of operating the incinerator.

Abstract: A space heater capable of providing both radiant and blown warm air heating to a space beneath the heater. The heater comprises a housing, the underside of which is recessed to define a channel in which a combustion tube is mounted. The heater has a burner communicating with a first end of the tube, and a first fan means communicating with the tube for moving combustion gases along the tube from the first end to the second end. The housing includes an aperture in an upper surface thereof. The aperture is linked to a second fan means for directing air into the channel within the housing. A heat exchanger plate is mounted between the tube and the aperture. The heat exchanger plate is shaped to surround the upper surface of the combustion tube so as to absorb radiation therefrom and to prevent air from the aperture from impinging directly onto the tube. Air is heated by the heat exchanger plate before passing out downwardly through a lower end of the channel within the housing.

Abstract: A grill having a bi-level tent configuration, a burner assembly and a grill shell. The lower, first tent has an “I”-shaped configuration. The upper, second tent has a plurality of openings. The burner assembly is formed from stamped metal. The upper piece of stamped metal has a raised or embossed area with multi-level ports. The burner and tent arrangement provides even distribution of heat to the cooking surface and flare-up control. The use of stamped metal for the burner assembly provides for a cost efficient and easy to assemble grill.

Abstract: A double reflecting solar concentrator utilizing a primary parabolic reflective surface which reflects incident light toward a secondary surface. The incident light reflects off the secondary surface away from the primary parabolic surface's natural focus point toward a secondary focal point positioned on or substantially near the surface of the primary parabolic reflective surface.

Abstract: A Low Velocity Detonation (LVD) trap having acceleration, detonation and High Velocity Detonation (HVD) trap zones. The primary function is to prevent the propagation of LVD explosions in monopropellant fuel systems from propagating to the fuel storage tank. An area of decreasing diameter in the acceleration zone amplifies the pressure pulse propagation of the LVD in the fuel system to intentionally accelerate the rate of detonation such that a HVD can be precipitated in the detonation zone. The diameter of the detonation zone sufficiently violates the critical diameter for the amplified pressure pulse such that the fuel detonates as a HVD. The HVD is then trapped in the HVD trap zone which is designed in accordance with well known methods to prevent propagation of monopropellant fuel detonation from reaching the fuel storage tank. The LVD trap is particularly well suited for use in monopropellant fuel engines used to power torpedoes and in facilities associated with torpedo testing.

Abstract: The inventive burner can receive air and fuel and discharge a fuel/air mixture for combustion at a periphery of the burner while limiting NOx emissions. The burner has a central axis and includes first and second plates constructed and arranged so as to form between them a central chamber and a plurality of burner ports extending outwardly of the chamber. The first and second plates have an outer periphery spaced outwardly from the central axis. The second plate indudes an opening for receiving the air and fuel into the chamber. The outer periphery of the second plate extends from the central axis by a greater distance than the outer periphery of the first plate. The second plate has an outer peripheral portion in which a plurality of openings may be formed. Also included is a method for operating the burner so as to limit NOx emissions.

Abstract: A combustor includes a pilot fuel nozzle and a plurality of main premixing nozzles arranged therearound for forming a premixture of air and fuel supplied from a main fuel nozzle, and is improved so as not to cause vibratory combustion. Pilot fuel nozzle unit 104 comprises a plurality of pilot fuel nozzles 103. A plurality of main premixing nozzles 102 are disposed on a coaxial circumference of the pilot fuel nozzle unit 104. The pilot fuel nozzles 103 are arranged irregularly in a circumferential direction of the pilot fuel nozzle unit 104, so as to form portion 105 where there is no pilot fuel nozzle 103. Premature in the main premixing nozzles 102 positioned corresponding to the pilot fuel nozzle 103 burns with comparatively short flames. Premature in the main premixing nozzles 102 positioned corresponding to the portion 105 of no pilot fuel nozzle 103 burns with long flames because of flames spreading from adjacent main fuel nozzles.

Abstract: A plate burner for combusting hydrogen with air as an oxidizer forms a wall portion of a combustion chamber for example of a gas turbine. The plate burner is so constructed that air and hydrogen are separately guided to the downstream surface area facing into the combustion chamber for forming a large number of diffusive microcombustion flames, thus achieving a very low mixing scale simultaneously with a high nixing intensity. The number of diffusive micorcombustion flames is so selected that the NOx content in the exhaust gas from the combustion chamber is at the most 10×10−6 cubic foot per cubic foot of exhaust gas. The hydrogen enters the entrance area into the combustion chamber either through a porous wall, and air is injected into the hydrogen environment to form inverse diffusive microcombustion flames or the hydrogen is injected through a multitude of fine holes into high velocity air jets forming regular diffusion flames.

Abstract: A burner system for use in applications such as a gas fireplace insert has a main burner, a standing pilot burner, a burner control unit, and a fuel valve. In one embodiment, the fuel valve and burner control unit receive power from a power source such as a thermopile mounted to receive energy from the pilot burner. The burner control unit includes a switch controlling power to the fuel valve and a RF receiver. The RF receiver controls the opening and closing of the switch responsive to encoded RF signals transmitted to it by a remote transmitter.

Abstract: A flame cover device for use with mechanical candle holders, especially for use with candle holders in which the candle is spring-driven to the top of a tube as the candle is consumed. The apparatus may be removably disposed upon the top portion of the tube of the mechanical candle holder, where it remains motionless while the candle is burned by combustion, yet provides protection from and to the burning flame. A base of the device is engaged with the tube of the mechanical candle holder, with vents in the base providing adequate ventilation to the flame. A transparent shell extends up from the base to provide flame protection. A ring damper is provided for covering the vents in the base to assist the flame in windy conditions.

Abstract: A matrix bed is disclosed in which a non-planar reaction wave front is formed during operation. This is accomplished by heating the matrix bed, containing heat-resistant material, until at least a reaction portion of the matrix bed is above the temperature required for a plurality of reactant gas streams to react. Next, the reactant gas streams are directed through the matrix bed in a manner so as to form at least a Bunsen, Burke-Schumann, inverted-V, or some other type of non-planar reaction wave front at the portion of the matrix bed that is heated above the reactant gas streams reaction temperature. At the non-planar reaction wave front, the reactant gas streams react to produce a reaction product gas stream that is then exhausted from the matrix bed.

Abstract: Decorative apparatus for removable attachment to a cigarette lighter the body of which tapers upwardly and inwardly from its base to the top thereof. The apparatus includes a rigid band the interior of which is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the lighter base but larger than the cross-sectional area of the lighter top. One or more distinctive members may be affixed to the band for enhancing appearance and identification.

Abstract: A gas fireplace is provided having a plenum formed around at least a portion of the fireplace firebox. Room air enters the plenum and is heated by the firebox prior to venting back into the room. Two openings are provided from the outside of the fireplace housing to the plenum. The first opening allows heated air to exit the plenum, while the second opening allows cool outside air to enter the plenum. a mechanism is provided to control the amount of heated air exiting the first opening and the amount of cool air entering the second opening. By controlling the inflow and outflow through the first and second openings, respectively, the amount of the fireplace by-products generated into the room where the fireplace is located such as carbon-monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, heat and moisture are reduced.

Abstract: A grate at the bottom of a hearth leads to a funnel shaped ash hopper and then to an ash removal pipe conduit. An electrical motor creates a vacuum in a canister located at an end of the pipe conduit distal from the ash hopper. An electric switch in a residence containing the hearth actuates the motor and causes cooled ash to move from the hearth to the canister where it can be removed for off site disposal.

Abstract: A liquid fuel lamp which may be easily converted from a conventional beverage container. The liquid fuel lamp includes a container having a cylindrical wall connected to opposing top and bottom walls. The top wall includes an opening defined by a pair of side edges. A wick assembly is removably received within the opening in the top wall. The wick assembly includes a tubular metal sleeve supporting a substantially planar wick. Liquid fuel is received within the container wherein a lower portion of the wick is received in adsorbing contact with the liquid fuel. A stand is provided for supporting the container in an elevated position.

Abstract: A refillable pyrophoric lighter having an outer casing with a hinged cover and having an inside unit that is received inside the casing by a frictional fit that is enhanced by at least one transverse rib integrally formed on the outside of the housing of the inside unit.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for improving the economics of flue gas recirculation. In particular, the present invention relates to an apparatus for the minimization of oxides of nitrogen (“NOx”) in the exhaust gas of various combustion processes via balanced pressure drops of the recirculation gas, and a method for the calculation of flue gas recirculation percentage. The flue gas recirculation system achieves the balanced pressure drops by sizing the air intake line and recirculation line associated with the system.

Abstract: A wind box with an oil guide device includes an oil guide plate and a wind box body. The oil guide plate is assembled with a housing of a smoke exhauster, having oil stop low walls at its peripheral edges to define an oil guide area. The wind box body is fixed on the oil guide plate within the oil guide area so that remaining oil is guided to flow down through an oil outlet formed in oil guide plate and the housing, not spreading to the housing, which is then kept clean.

Abstract: A polycarbonate thermoplastic plastic candle cup for a tea-light candle is disclosed having raised designs on the interior surface of the cup to increase the surface area on which non-liquid wax adheres, thus providing an improved insulating layer of non-liquid wax between the plastic and the candle flame.