Abstract: A catalyst for hydrocarbon conversion contains a silica-containing material having a plate or sheet morphology, for example "FU-1" and a material having catalytic activity for hydrocarbon conversion, for example rare-earth exchanged zeolite Y. The catalyst is especially suitable for cracking heavy fractions to naphtha-type products, apparently because the plate or sheet material provides channels by which large molecules can gain access to active centers in the catalyst.

Abstract: A clean, substantially smokeless, non-volatile, normally solid product for the ignition of fires, such as charcoal or wood fires, for cooking, campsites, home fireplaces, and so forth. The device comprises a shaped intimate mixture of a wax (e.g. hydrocarbon) and a combustible cellulosic material in particulate form associated with a lighting means of combustible material, said mixture comprising the wax in major proportion by weight, based on the weight of the wax and the cellulosic material.

Abstract: Highly active hydrofining catalysts are prepared by ion exchanging a silica-alumina hydrogel with an ammoniacal solution of a cobalt and/or nickel compound, and thereafter compositing the undried product with an alumina hydrogel and a molybdenum component, followed by drying and calcining. The resulting catalysts are particularly active for the denitrogenation of mineral oil feedstocks.

Abstract: Ammonia exchanged large port mordenite, which is subsequently mildly acid leached, and calcined, in which at least 95% of the exchangeable sodium has been removed and having from 0.38 to 0.8 milliequivalents of acid sites at least as strong as 48% sulfuric acid per gram (as measured by titration with butylamine, and employing dicinnamalacetone indicator) has been found to be a highly active hydrocarbon isomerization catalyst. Incorporation of noble metal, e.g. palladium, on the catalyst improves the selectivity for isomerization of normal pentane to isopentane for highly active catalysts at high conversion rates.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of a supported chromium oxide catalyst from a catalyst precursor, which in turn is a silica-based finely divided carrier homogeneously charged with a chromium compound--by (1) treating the catalyst precursor, with or without addition of a promoter, with an oxygen-containing gas at an elevated temperature and then (2) treating the product obtained from stage (1) with carbon monoxide, wherein, in both stages (1) and (2), the solid is in the form of a fluidized bed maintained by means of a stream of carrier gas, and wherein furthermore, in stage (1), the treatment with oxygen is carried out at from 400.degree. to 1,500.degree. C. for a period of at least 30 minutes, and in stage (2) the carbon monoxide treatment is carried out at from 250.degree. to 500.degree. C. for a period of from 0.

Abstract: A coating formed on a surface of an article, which is heated during use as typified by a cooking device, to accomplish catalytic oxidation decomposition of oil and grease spattered thereon. The coating is fundamentally a porous matrix layer of an inorganic binder having a matte surface and comprises, in the form of uniformly dispersed particles, an oxidation catalyst and a nondiscoloring material, for example a ferrite, which has the effect of concealing a change in color of the oxidation catalyst resulting from its catalytic action. Preferably the coating comprises additionally a solid acid catalyst such as a zeolite as a decomposition-inducing catalyst in order to acquire an improved catalytic self-cleaning ability at relatively low temperatures such as 200.degree.-300.degree. C.

Abstract: There is disclosed herein a clean burning, non-volatile device useful for the ignition of fires in combustible medium such as charcoal briquettes. The device comprises a core composed of wax and cellulosic particles (e.g. sawdust), together with an adjacent absorbant material to take up any oily exudate from the core. The core and absorbant material, with an optional lighter strip for conveying a flame to the core, are enclosed in a flammable, oil impervious container. In use, the device is placed on the combustible medium and the container ignited. The flame is conveyed to the core composition of the device, which in turn burns with sufficient vigor and for a sufficient length of time to kindle a fire in the combustible medium.

Abstract: A method of making synthetic fireplace logs or the like, and the logs so produced. Approximately 55-80% by weight of ground coal is mixed with approximately 0-10% by weight of wood fiber material at room temperature, and approximately 20-35% of melted slack wax is added to the coal-wood mixture so that a putty-like, extrudable, mixture is formed. The mixture is fed into an extruder, the mixture being at substantially 80-95.degree. F., when fed to the extruder, and the mixture is extruded to produce cylindrical logs or the like. The extrusion is cut into lengths, and the logs are rolled in a flame coloring agent, wrapped, and are ready for shipping.

Abstract: A perovskite is added to a conventional hydrocarbon cracking catalyst comprising a zeolite and an inorganic oxide gel matrix. The perovskite is present in said catalyst in an amount up to about 10 weight percent based on the total catalyst.

Abstract: An aromatic hydrocarbon is contacted under hydroalkylation conditions and in the presence of hydrogen with a composition comprising at least one platinum compound supported on a calcined, acidic, nickel and rare earth-treated crystalline zeolite which additionally has a halide content sufficient to promote the selectivity of the composition to produce a desired cycloalkyl aromatic hydrocarbon.

Abstract: An aromatic hydrocarbon is contacted under hydroalkylation conditions and in the presence of hydrogen with a composition comprising at least one rhodium or palladium compound or mixture thereof supported on a calcined, acidic, nickel and rare earth-treated crystalline zeolite.

Abstract: An aromatic hydrocarbon is contacted under hydroalkylation conditions and in the presence of hydrogen with a composition comprising at least one ruthenium compound impregnated on a calcined, acidic, nickel and rare earth-treated crystalline zeolite support.

Abstract: An aromatic hydrocarbon is contacted under hydroalkylation conditions and in the presence of hydrogen with a composition comprising at least one platinum compound supported on a calcined, acidic, nickel and rare earth-treated crystalline zeolite.

Abstract: Stable pillared interlayered clay compositions are prepared by reacting smectite type clays with polymeric cationic hydroxy metal complexes of metals such as aluminum, zirconium, and/or titanium. These novel interlayered clay compositions which possess substantial surface area in pores of less than 30 A in diameter are used as catalysts, catalytic supports, and sorbents.

Abstract: Raw coal is improved by reacting it with a metal containing compound selected from the group consisting of organic iron containing compounds which exert sufficient vapor pressure, with iron as a component in the vapor, so as to bring the iron into contact with the impurity at the reaction temperature, organic iron containing compounds in solution at the injection temperature, solid organic iron containing compounds capable of being directly mixed in solid form at the mixing temperature with the coal, and ferrous chloride, ferric chloride, and alkyl aluminum compounds, in order to enhance the magnetic susceptibility of certain impurities, e.g., pyrite and ash-forming minerals contained in the raw coal, thereby permitting the removal of these impurities by magnetic means.

Abstract: High surface area, low bulk density silica-titania materials which are particularly effective as catalysts or catalyst supports are prepared by mixing a silicon alkoxide, a titanium alkoxide and an organic diluent, adding the resulting premixed alkoxides to a hydrolysis medium comprising water and a solvent to form a silica-titania precipitate, separating the silica-titania precipitate from the hydrolysis medium, drying and calcining the precipitate and recovering the resulting high surface area silica-titania product.

Abstract: This case relates to a process for producing aromatics by contacting a C.sub.3 -C.sub.8 hydrocarbon with a gallium catalyst supported on an aluminosilicate in which the ratio of silica to alumina is between 20:1 and 70:1.

Abstract: A process for reducing the sulfur content of coal comprising the steps of:(1) contacting coal particles with(i) a silicate selected from the group consisting of alkali metal silicates, alkaline earth metal silicates and mixtures thereof, and(ii) a promoter material capable of oxidizing or reducing equilibrium sulfur reaction products formed by the contacting to non-equilibrium reaction productsin an aqueous medium to reduce the sulfur content of coal; and(2) recovering coal particles of reduced sulfur content.

Abstract: An active and selective catalytic composite, useful for oxydehydrogenating dehydrogenatable alkylaromatic hydrocarbons comprises a combination of catalytically effective amounts of cobalt oxide, chromium oxide, alumina and magnesium oxide with a silica carrier material. A specific example of the active and selective catalytic composite disclosed herein for use in oxydehydrogenation of alkylaromatic hydrocarbons is a combination of cobalt oxide, chromium oxide, alumina and magnesium oxide with a silica carrier material in amounts sufficient to result in a mole ratio of chromium oxide to cobalt oxide of about 0.2:1 to about 2:1, of alumina to cobalt oxide of about 0.05:1 to about 0.5:1 and of magnesium oxide to cobalt oxide of about 0.05:1 to about 0.5:1. A key feature involves using this catalytic composite in the oxydehydrogenation of dehydrogenatable alkylaromatic hydrocarbons at an inlet reactor temperature greater than 470.degree. C.

Abstract: Cycloalkylaromatics are produced from aromatic hydrocarbons in the presence of hydrogen and a catalyst consisting essentially of ruthenium, nickel and a support material selected from the group consisting of active clay and silica-alumina.