Abstract: An electrophoresis pattern analyzer for genetic material of this invention comprises: an image data generating means for optically reading an electrophoresis specimen and outputting datum image data corresponding to a datum region and sample image data corresponding to at least one sample region; a datum band pattern retrieving means for retrieving datum band patterns concerning position coordinates of the bands of the datum region in the direction of electrophoresis and two-dimensional forms of the bands of the datum region from the datum image data; a sample band pattern retrieving means for retrieving sample band patterns concerning position coordinates of the bands of the sample region in the direction of electrophoresis and two-dimensional forms of the bands of the sample region from the sample image data; and a band pattern comparing means for comparing the datum band patterns with the sample band patterns and determining characteristics of the sample region.

Abstract: The invention relates to the field of water purification. A method for sening water by way of its electrochemical treatment involves causing water to pass in the form of two streams through anode and cathode chambers of a membrane electrolyzer. According to the invention, the water stream being fed to the anode chamber is preliminarily softened before supplying it to the anode chamber, and this stream is in the form of catholyte after the separation of precipitating hardness salts therefrom, anolyte being used as the end product. An electrolyzer for softening water has a casing divided by membranes into anode and cathode chambers, respectively.

Abstract: An apparatus for setting the ion concentration in an ionic water generator which separates drink water between alkaline ionic water and an acidic ionic water by applying a DC voltage between electrodes in an electrolytic cell which are partitioned by an ion-exchange membrane apparatus comprises a device for measuring voltage drop at a portion leading to the electrolytic cell which is caused when a reference voltage is applied, and a calculator for calculating voltage Vx which is applied to the electrolytic cell to adjust ion concentration to a desired value from a proportion k of the voltage drop which is calculated by application of the reference voltage to water to be examined relative to the reference voltage drop caused by application of the reference voltage to reference water and a set voltage Vn which corresponds to the desired ion concentration on the basis of the following equation:Vx=k.times.Vn.

Abstract: The apparatus comprises electrophoresis chamber (1) with positioned therein along the sides of a rectangle electrode groups (2,3,4,5) of equidistantly positioned electrodes. One pair of subtending electrode groups (2,4) is connected to power supply (8), the other pair of subtending electrode groups (3,5) is connected to power supply (10) via switch (9).

Abstract: An aluminum smelting cell comprising a cathode having an active upper surface, a plurality of anodes each having a lower surface spaced from the upper surface of the cathode, said cathode upper surface being sloped at an acute angle in a primary or longitudinal direction of each anode, and being formed with pairs of oppositely sloped surfaces extending in a transverse or secondary direction under each anode to cause complementary shaping of the lower anode surfaces to reduce the migration of bubbles between the anode and cathode along the anode surfaces in said primary or longitudinal direction to thereby reduce the path length of said bubbles whereby the turbulence caused by coalesced bubble disengagement from the bath electrolyte is significantly reduced while maintaining adequate bath circulation between the anode and cathode.

Abstract: The invention is both a system and method for continuously separating heavier from lighter isotopes of a particular element, such as zirconium. The system comprises a housing, a column assembly rotatably mounted with respect to the housing which includes a plurality of vertically oriented separation cells arranged in a circle, each of which contains a packing material, both a feed electrolyte source and a barren electrolyte source, each of which has an outlet mounted in the housing for continuously introducing either a feed electrolyte or a barren electrolyte into each of the cells as they rotate past the outlets, and upper and lower electrodes disposed over the upper and lower ends of the separation cells for inducing the electromigration of the lighter zirconium ions toward the lower ends of each of the separation cells. A drain assembly disposed beneath the column assembly continuously collects isotopic enriched electrolyte from the bottom ends of the separation cells.

Abstract: A method of making an electrochemical cell comprises loading into the cathode compartment of a cell housing comprising an anode compartment separated from a cathode compartment by a separator which is a solid conductor of ions of alkali metal M or is a micromolecular sieve which contains alkali metal M sorbed therein; an alkali metal aluminium halide molten salt electrolyte having the formula MAlHal.sub.4 wherein M is the alkali metal of the anode and Hal is a halide; Cu as an active cathode substance; and an alkali metal halide MHal wherein M and Hal are respectively an alkali metal and a halide; thereby to make an electrochemical cell precursor.

Abstract: An electrolytic process in which an aqueous electrolyte is electrolysed in an electrolytic cell which comprises at least one anode and at least one cathode, in which oxygen is evolved at the anode, and which is operated at an anode current density of at least 3kA/m.sup.2, in which the anode comprises a substrate having at least in part an outer surface of tantalum, or of an alloy thereof, at least part of the tantalum or tantalum alloy substrate having a coating of an electrocatalytically-active material.The anode may be a tantalum-clad titanium substrate, and the process may be, for example, an electrogalvanizing or electrotinning process.

Abstract: A medium for electrophoresis comprises:(a) a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) fibril matrix, and(b) particulate, electrically mobile ions, and sufficient liquid in the interstitial spaces of said matrix to allow for ion transport,the ratio of said particulate to PTFE being in the range of 99:1 to 4:1 by weight, and said ions being present in said liquid in an amount to provide a solution of concentration in the range of 1 to 1000 millimolar.Preferably the medium is self supporting.