Abstract: A direct acting circuit through which the torque to which a shaft is being subjected is measuring without the need for divisions or other computer assisted computations. The system is self-clocking and counts speed dependent pulses generated by shaft rotation alternately in incrementing and decrementing modes with the difference being indicative of the torque. The count may be averaged over one or more complete shaft rotations to reduce or eliminate errors due to shaft or rotation sensor irregularities.

Abstract: A rotating torque sensor apparatus and method for measuring small torques comprising a shaft, a platform having a circuit board and a first moment arm attached to the shaft, a rotatable wheel coaxial with the shaft and having a second moment arm spaced apart from the first moment arm with a load cell therebetween for generating an electric signal as the torque is applied to the shaft and transferred through the moment arms to the load cell. The electrical signal is conducted from the load cell to the circuit board for filtering and amplification before being extracted from the torque assembly through a slip ring.

Abstract: The Torque Transducer structure comprising a lower base plate, and an elongate torque member projecting vertically upwardly from the plate. The member has rigid upper and lower end portions and a central deflection portion that is rigid through a first radial plane through the structure and is flexible through a second radial plane of the structure which is at right angle to the first radial plane. The central portion of the member carries strain gauges and is torsionally deflected by torsional forces directed onto the upper end portion of the member. The member is subject to adverse lateral deflection through the second radial plane of the structure by lateral forces directed onto its upper end portion. The lower end portion of the member is coupled with the plate against rotation and for free pivotal movement relative thereto through said second radial plane of the structure.

Abstract: The invention comprises a vehicle load sensor apparatus for measuring the load on one or more spindles of a vehicle axle which comprises a vehicle axle spindle, a string or wire is attached to the vehicle spindle, and a means for measuring the change of tension in the string. The tension in the string is measured by inducing a vibration in the string and then measuring the frequency of vibration of the string which is proportional to the square root of the tension in the string. The change of tension is then determined by comparing this measured tension in the string to the tension in the string previously measured under no-load conditions.

Abstract: In order to measure torques on valves, measuring devices have heretofore been used which measure the force to be transmitted with the aid of weighing cells fitted with strain gauges. The structural make-up of such devices and the structural size resulting therefrom are not suitable to permit the measuring device to be permanently left between the valve and the electromotor, so that these measuring devices can be used only for periodic measurements. It is accordingly an object of the invention to provide a permanently installed device which allows continuous torque measurement. For this purpose, the housing of the actuator and the housing of the valve are connected to one another through a flanged bush. The flanged bush carries a strain gauge in the region of a recess, and has a clearance for the passage of the valve stem.

Abstract: A load cell for use in load measuring systems. The load cell is comprised of chain links to be secured to a load. A sensor is associated with at least one link of the chain. The sensor is able to measure a load applied to the link.

Abstract: The distribution of tension in flat products is measured by a bendable roll engaged by segmented rolls. The bendable roll has a peripheral surface which engages the width of workpiece and is elastically bendable along its axis under the tension in the workpiece. The elastic deformation of the solid roll exerts loads on the segmented rolls and one or more sensors detect the transmitted loads.

Abstract: The electric circuit of the torque indicator in a torque wrench is automatically adjusted by the electric circuit of a detachable adjusting and calibrating instrument which is separably connectable to the wrench so that its torsion bar is deformable by the torque applicator wrench. Each circuit includes a microprocessor with means for displaying the measured torque, and interfaces are provided to separably connect the microprocessors to each other preparatory to an adjusting or calibrating operation. Each circuit further comprises one or more bridge circuits with strain gages, amplifiers for signals at the outputs of the bridge circuits, and analog-digital converters for transmission of signals from amplifiers to the respective microprocessor.

Abstract: A torque wrench is presented which has dual output/reaction modes, with the input and output operating in the same direction in both modes. In one mode, a stationary reaction adapter is outside of an inner rotating torque adapter; in the second mode, a stationary reaction adapter is inside of an outer rotation torque adapter. Torque levels are measured by strain gages mounted on a single reaction arm and are read out digitally.

Abstract: Two regions (11, 12) of a shaft (10) are coated with a film which is free of prestress and consists of magnetoelastic Fe/Ni material. The films have a stripe pattern arranged respectively at angles of +45.degree. and -45.degree.. The change in permeability of these films is a function of the mechanical stress of the shaft (10), particularly of the torsion, and is detected by means of sensor arrangements (13 and 14). A characteristic line for the mechanical stress which extends linearly over the entire range of measurement is made possible by means of an evaluating circuit (22) of the measured voltages.

Abstract: A force transducer with an electromechanical transducer element for fitting in force plates (i.e. measuring platforms) includes adjacent a first axial end a radial mounting flange with a greater outside diameter than that adjacent the second axial end. This make it possible, after connecting the signal lines, to insert the transducer in a mounting hole of the base plate of the force plate and then fix it by welding, brazing, soldering or cementing. The transducer with its signal lines thus becomes an integral part of the base plate and is sealed completely against outside influences. The recesses of the base plate may be filled with a curable resin, providing further portection against mechanical shocks and corrosion influences while at the same time enhancing the rigidity of the force plate.

Abstract: A device for measuring torque in a shaft without contacting the latter. A torque transmitting shaft is formed with at least one detecting magnetically anisotropic region inclined to form an angle with respect to the axis of rotation of this shaft. A detecting coil is disposed on the periphery of the detecting magnetically anisotropic region. When the detecting voltage for the detecting coil changes owing to temperature changes and time-dependent changes, the changes in the detection sensitivity and in the zero point take place, leading to errors during torque measurement. Correct measured values can be obtained by having a device for correcting such changes in sensitivity and zero point.

Abstract: A device for measuring torque in a shaft without contacting the latter. A torque transmitting shaft is formed with at least one detecting magnetically anisotropic region inclined to form an angle with respect to the axis of rotation of this shaft. A detecting coil is disposed on the periphery of the detecting magnetically anisotropic region. When the detecting voltage for the detecting coil changes owing to temperature changes and time-dependent changes, the changes in the detection sensitivity and in the zero point take place, leading to errors during torque measurement. Correct measured values can be obtained by having a device for correcting such changes in sensitivity and zero point.

Abstract: A device for measuring torque in a shaft without contacting the latter. A torque transmitting shaft is formed with at least one detecting magnetically anisotropic region inclined to form an angle with respect to the axis of rotation of this shaft. A detecting coil is disposed on the periphery of the detecting magnetically anisotropic region. When the detecting voltage for the detecting coil changes owing to temperature changes and time-dependent changes, the changes in the detection sensitivity and in the zero point take place, leading to errors during torque measurement. Correct measured values can be obtained by having a device for correcting such changes in sensitivity and zero point.

Abstract: A device for measuring linear force which is converted to rotational force or torque. Initially, force is applied in a linear direction to a means for transmitting that force to a rotatable shaft where it is converted to rotational force which can be measured by a strain gauge. The device is mounted on a vertically adjustable column attached to a moveable base.

Abstract: A force sensing device especially suitable for use in an accelerometer or a pressure transducer, depending upon its particular design. This device includes at least one and preferably two adjacent and parallel, elongated vibratable tines and means for vibrating the tines back and forth in a direction normal to their axes of elongation. These tines are supported for vibration by an arrangement including an array of interconnected links and mounting means adapted to be connected to an external member capable of applying a variable external force to the support arrangement along an axis normal to the axes of elongation of the tines. The support arrangement is configured so as to apply to the tines its own internal force in response to and varying with the external force in a way which causes the tines to vibrate at a frequency that varies with the magnitude of the internal force and therefore the external force.

Abstract: In an electromagnetic flowmeter one of two electrodes mounted on a measuring pipe is impressed with an electrical pulse synchronous with the switching of an excitation currrent, thereby detecting the voltage drop across the electrical resistance of a fluid, such that both the conductivity and the flow rate of the fluid are measureable at the same time.

Abstract: In a method for measuring the volume of a liquid flow through a measuring chamber (2) during a measuring period, a pulse generator (12) is caused to emit a number of pulses corresponding to the volume. In the measurement, the measuring period is divided into a number of measuring intervals. During each measuring interval, the pulses from the pulse generator (12) are detected, each detected pulse is multiplied by a flow correction factor, the corrected pulse values are added to a summation variable, and this summation variable is multiplied by a volume conversion factor for determining the liquid volume. The separate determined liquid volumes are thereafter summed up for all measuring intervals during the measuring period.

Abstract: Force and moment exerted on the working point (P) on a semiconductor substrate (110, 210), on one surface of which resistance elements (r, R) having an electric resistance varying due to mechanical deformation are formed, are detected. A portion spaced from the working point of the semiconductor substrate is fixed. Since openings (113) or bridge portions (212 to 215) are formed in the semiconductor substrate, when a force or an angular moment in a fixed direction is applied to the working point, uneven stresses are produced on the semiconductor substrate. Such uneven stesses are detected as changes in electric resistances of the resistance elements. A measure is taken for an arrangement of resistance elements on the semiconductor substrate, thereby to constitute predetermined bridges. Thus, forces in three directions and angular moments in three directions in the three-dimensional space can be independently read as bridge voltages, respectively.

Abstract: A force detector is comprised of resistance elements having a piezo resistance effect such that electric resistance varies due to mechanical deformation, and formed on a single crystal substrate (10), and a strain generative body (20) having a supporting portion (21) and a working portion (23), thus allowing the resistance elements to produce a mechanical deformation on the basis of a displacement with respect to the supporting portion of the working portion. This force detector can detect a force applied to the working portion as changes in resistance values of the resistance elements. The plane on which resistance elements are to be formed on the single crystal substrate is selected so that piezo resistance coefficients in two directions perpendicular to each other exhibit peak. When a weight body (30) is connected to the working portion, it is possible to detect an acceleration acting on the weight body.