Abstract: In digital subtraction angiography a low X-ray energy temporal subtraction image is displayed on a video monitor. Regions in the temporal image frame that contain motion artifacts are outlined by using a cursor. The coordinates of the pixels in the defined outlined region are stored in a processor memory. The data for a related hybrid subtraction image are developed and stored. The processor then effects substitution of the hybrid subtraction image pixels, that fall within the same defined region, into the temporal subtraction image. The combined image data are transferred to a display controller memory which controls display of the combined image on a monitor. A method and means are provided for automatically determining the optimum value of the weighting coefficient applied to the high energy temporal subtraction image that results in the most complete cancellation of everything in the two images except the contrast medium filled blood vessel when the high and low energy temporal images are subtracted.

Abstract: A mounting system for securing a rotating anode of an x-ray tube against axial movement locates a bearing on a stud projecting from a tube end wall and secures the bearing on the stud by means of a threaded fastener which is accessed through a central bore of the rotating anode assembly prior to closure of the tube vacuum envelope.

Abstract: A radiographic installation for an x-ray examination apparatus has two antiscatter grids disposed in different planes at different distances from the focus of the radiation source and are alternately movable by a motor connected thereto through a drive train from a standby position outside of the radiation field into a position within the radiation field. The grids are maintained in the standby position by a permanently-acting bias force and are moved into the radiation field by the motor in opposition to this force. The drive train includes a belt having two cams disposed at the opposite ends thereof respectively associated with the antiscatter grids for limiting the movement thereof to define selected positions for the grids.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to X-ray lithographic systems, which are characterized by a plurality of work stations, a cartridge in which a wafer and mask are mounted, apparatus for moving the cartridge between the stations, apparatus for moving the cartridge within each station to a kinematic mount, and said kinematic mounts in all of the stations being substantially identical.

Abstract: Effective centers of rotation of the X-ray beams when projecting the anterior regions are caused to be disposed considerably more interiorly of the dental arch, i.e., farther from the incisors and closer to the X-ray source, to thus provide longer projection radii of the beams at the anterior region. Lengthening of the projection radii is achieved through unique velocity profiles of patient chair movement along an x-axis and film travel within the camera. The longer effective projection radii of beams at the anterior region provide for a substantially wider or thicker layer thereat with a concomitant modest narrowing of the layer at the canine regions.

Abstract: Apparatus for loading a radiographic film packet with an intensifying screen, and for discharging the exposed negative into automatic processing apparatus without the use of a darkroom.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for increasing the effective data storage transfer rate in a system to permit the recording of a rapid sequence of high resolution images by eliminating and hence not transferring designated portions of each image in the sequence.

Abstract: The invention disclosed and claimed herein relates generally to a new and improved X-ray beam apparatus having an adjustable collimator device and more particularly to an X-ray apparatus in which the collimator device can be readily removed from the X-ray tube device of the apparatus and relatively easily adjusted relative to the X-ray tube device.

Abstract: Disclosed is a target structure for use in an X-ray transmission scanner in which X-rays are generated by directing an electron beam at an X-ray generating target. The structure includes a support bracket having a recessed portion and a support surface formed in the recessed portion. A bolt extends through the bracket and maintains a target member in abuttment with the support surface which positions the target in proper alignment with an electron beam.

Abstract: A device for linearly oscillating one or more of a plurality of X-ray filter elements singly or in combination in and out of an X-ray beam at television frame rates. First and second substantially coplanar filter elements are adjacent each other and formed as a unitary member that is transverse to the X-ray beam. It is slidable bidirectionally on parallel guide tracks in one plane. A servo motor drives a closed loop belt which attaches to said member. A third planar filter element runs on tracks in a plane parallel to that of the unitary member. There are lug means on the third element spaced apart in the direction of its travel member that project up and are between the lug means on the third element to enable pushing or pulling it. Thus, the first and second filter elements can be oscillated alternately in and out of the X-ray beam by moving said unitary member without engaging the third element so it stays out of the beam.

Abstract: An electron beam production and control assembly especially suitable for use in producing X-rays in a computed tomography (CT) X-ray scanning system is disclosed herein along with its method of operation. This assembly produces its electron beam within a vacuum-sealed housing chamber which is evacuated of internal gases, except inevitably for small amounts of residual gas. The electron beam is produced by suitable means within the chamber and directed along a path therethrough from the chamber's rearwardmost end to its forwardmost end whereby to impinge on a suitable target for producing the necessary X-rays. Since there is residual gas within the chamber, the electrons of the beam will interact with it and thereby produce positive ions which have the effect of neutralizing the space charge of the electron beam.

Abstract: In an x-ray source having a cathode emitting electron beams (15, 16) bombarding inner surfaces of an inverted conical anode target cooled by flowing water on its exterior, providing in place of the apex (14b) of the conical anode (34) a rearwardly facing upstream cylindrical extension (34b) which insures against apex tip burn-out by extending the cooling structure, area and mass to an upstream position to further dissipate heat energy flux generated by impingement of the electron beam. Portions functioning to effectively cool the anode target extend into non-beam illuminating regions of the target anode.

Abstract: A failure detection circuit for a center metal grounded type X-ray tube. If the high voltage applying line for the anode side is kept opened and simultaneously for the cathode side is closed, the extraordinary cathode current may flow from the cathode through the center metal to the earth, which may cause a failure of the X-ray tube. In order to avoid such problem, there are provided the anode/cathode failure detectors which may interlock the operation of the X-ray radiation control circuit so as not to apply high voltages to the anode/cathode of the X-ray tube when failed in the high voltage apply lines.

Abstract: A collimator for an X-ray examination apparatus has a plurality of diaphragm plates adjustable relative to each other in pairs for defining a cone of radiation having a variable rectangular cross-section, and has a plurality of additional diaphragm plates mounted for pivotal movement into the four corner regions of the radiation cone for defining an approximately circular radiation cone of variable diameter. Each additional diaphragm plate has a substantially triangular plan shape and are movable by respective parallelogram linkages with one edge facing the radiation cone, the edge facing the radiation cone being alignable perpendicularly to the angle bisector of the respective corner in which the additional diaphragm plate is located. The additional diaphragms are respectively pivotable substantially radially in the direction of the axis of symmetry of the collimator.