Abstract: A process for the passivation of discrete particles of ferrosilicon containing 30-90% by weight silicon comprises contacting the particles with a gaseous oxidizing agent at a temperature between 800.degree.-1150.degree. C for a time ranging between 1-12 hours. The treated particles can be admixed with a binding agent to form a paste which, in turn, is used as a coating for shielded arc electrodes.

Abstract: A process which involves galvanizing with a galvanizing flux consisting essentially of a fluxing material selected from zinc ammonium chloride double salt and a mixture of zinc chloride and ammonium chloride and, as a foaming agent, sorbitol by dipping a metal article into a molten bath of zinc covered by said flux.

Abstract: Gang bonding bumps, for making electrical connection to a metallic intraconnect pattern of metallization on an integrated circuit semiconductive device, are adhered to the interconnect pattern via the intermediary of a series of transition layers. These transition layers include a first layer of chromium, vacuum evaporated over the metallic interconnect pattern for providing a tightly adherent connection thereto. A layer of aluminum and chromium is vacuum evaporated over the chromium layer. A second layer of chromium is vacuum evaporated over the aluminum and chromium layer and a gold layer is deposited overlaying the chromium layer. The gold layer interfaces with the electroplated layers of the bump, which in a preferred embodiment consists of a lower layer of nickel covered by a layer of copper.

Abstract: In the pack diffusion coating of chromium into the surface of a superalloy, the formation of undesirable oxide inclusion is reduced when the diffusion coating pack contains at least about 3% Ni.sub.3 Al. Also the formation of alpha-chromium is reduced when the pack diffusion is carried out in a retort effectively not over five inches in height. Pack aluminizing in the presence of chromium makes a very effective aluminum- and chromium-containing top coating over platinum plated or platinum coated nickel-base superalloys. Aluminized nickel can also have its aluminum attacked and at least partially removed with aqueous caustic to leave a very highly active catalytic surface. Pack diffusion can also be arranged to simultaneously provide different coatings in different locations by using different pack compositions in those locations. An aluminizing pack containing a large amount of chromium provides a thinner aluminized case than an aluminizing pack containing less chromium, or less chromium and some silicon.

Abstract: A liquid detergent, suitable for hand dishwashing and of excellent washing properties which produces a medium foam that is long lasting in the presence of greasy soil and which comprises a ternary mixture of an anionic detergent which is a paraffin sulfonate or linear alkyl benzene sulfonate or a mixture thereof; a nonionic detergent which is either a condensate of higher fatty alcohol with a heteric mixture of ethylene and propylene oxides or a lower alkyl ether of an alkyl phenoxy polyethoxy lower alkanol or a mixture thereof; and an alkanoic acid alkanolamide in water. The liquid is in concentrated form, containing at least 35% by weight of the ternary mixture.

Abstract: A blackening process of producing an oxide layer consisting predominantly of Fe.sub.3 O.sub.4 on an iron surface in an oxidizing atmosphere and at a temperature of from 500.degree. to 650.degree. C, whereby the oxidizing atmosphere is produced by understoichiometrically burnt fuel gas without removal of water from the combustion gases. In the combustion chamber, the apparent reaction temperature is controlled by cooling to provide an apparent reaction temperature of from 500.degree. to 800.degree. C. The combustion products are conducted into a heated blackening chamber at a temperature substantially above the dew point of the combustion products. The CO characteristic of the combustion gases is monitored and is used to control the air and fuel supplies.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for making an adhesive-coated high strength steel reinforcing member comprising the steps of: providing a steel member; austenitizing the steel member; passing the steel member through an adhesive coating bath wherein a uniform, continuous adhesive coating is applied at a rate sufficient to form a quenched structure of martensite, bainite or mixtures thereof; and, heating the coated steel member so as to effect drying and curing of the adhesive coating, and tempering of the steel member. The product obtained by this method is also disclosed.

Abstract: A surface treated steel sheet and strip having a surface layer of M-Si-R in which M is at least one of the group consisting of chromium, phosphorus, silicon, cobalt, manganese, copper, nickel, aluminum and titanium, and R is a group of atoms which has 2 to 10 carbon atoms and contains one or more functional groups selected from the group consisting of vinyl, epoxy, acryl and amino groups.

Abstract: The metal platelets contained in a metal-containing powder coating composition may be oriented substantially parallel to a surface coated with this composition by the process herein described. This process comprises (a) coating the metal-containing powder coating composition on the surface, (b) heating the coated surface in order to melt the metal-containing powder coating composition, (c) simultaneous with the heating step, blowing a stream of hot fluid substantially parallel to the coated surface so as to orient the metal platelets substantially parallel to the surface, and (d) cooling the coated surface after the metal platelets have become oriented substantially parallel to the surface.Contoured surfaces coated in accordance with this process have an appearance of depth similar to that obtained using a solvent system metallic paint.

Abstract: Efficiency of chemical surface finishing baths for metal articles, particularly electrolytic baths for anodizing metals such as aluminum, magnesium or titanium is improved by incorporating into the bath an effective amount, typically from 0.1 to 50 grams per liter of the reaction product of a metal halide, such as boron trifluoride, and a trifluoro-alkaryl amine, suitably .alpha.,.alpha.,.alpha.,-trifluoro-m-toluidine.

Abstract: A phosphate-free liquid detergent composition having useful soil-removing characteristics can be prepared from a mixture of at least one liquid anionic or nonionic surfactant material, water or water-glycol mixtures, and a reaction product of citric acid and a water soluble or water dispersible amine. In a preferred embodiment the liquid detergent composition also contains enzymes.

Abstract: A cost saving method for protecting an engine element against operation galling and corrosion is disclosed. The element, particularly a piston, is cast of aluminum and cleaned free of dirt and organic matter. A warm stream of an aqueous solution containing a protective metal agent is directed onto a selected zone of the element. The agent consists essentially of potassium stannate and the zone is preferably the middle region of a piston skirt extending from the upper skirt periphery to lower skirt extremity (tail). The stream is maintained as a laminar flow as it traverses the selected zone. An ultra-thin protective coating is adherently deposited on the zone of the piston.

Abstract: The electrostatic recording material comprises an electroconductive transparentized base sheet having a dielectric layer thereon. The transparentized base sheet is obtained by subjecting to a transparentizing treatment with moisture, heat and pressure a fibrous matrix sheet of a mixture of natural pulp with synthetic pulp formed of a blended polymer system consisting essentially of polyvinyl alcohol-acrylonitrile copolymer and acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer.

Abstract: A laminated anode including a layer of sacrificial metal and a layer of impermeable material. The laminated anode is utilized to protect a metal mold from corrosion where the mold is used for processing a corrosive meat material.

Abstract: A flame spray powder of cobalt and molybdenum mixed metal agglomerates is produced by spray drying a slurry of molybdenum metal particles and cobalt oxide particles in an ammonium molybdate solution to produce agglomerates, and thereafter heating the agglomerates in a reducing atmosphere to convert the oxide particles to cobalt metal and the binder to molybdenum metal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the optically brightening of organic fibrous materials with compositions containing a mixture of 1.2-bis-[5-methyl-benzimidazol-(2)-yl]-ethylene and 2.5-bis-[benzoxazol-(2)-yl]-thiophene. The mixture of said brighteners show surprising synergistic effects.

Abstract: A process is described for the electroless deposition of metals on nonmetallic surfaces. The process involves pretreatment of the nonmetallic surface so as to obtain a surface finish suitable for deposition of colloidal sensitizers which catalyze electroless metallic deposition. The nonmetallic surface is then exposed to a colloidal catalyst solution (typically SnCl.sub.2 /PdCl.sub.2) followed by an acid rinse. On completion of this surface activation procedure, the surface is exposed to a bath for the electroless deposition of metal. This procedure, which differs from that traditionally used, insures more reliable catalysis for electroless deposition of metals with shorter initiation times and is simpler in procedure and lower in cost.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium including a flexible non-magnetic film base and a magnetic layer thereon consisting of magnetizable particles in a resinous binder, the magnetic layer containing or being coated with an organosilicon lubricant compound having the formula:(RCOO).sub.n Si(CH.sub.3).sub.4-nwhere R is a saturated or unsaturated aliphatic group containing from 7 to 17 carbon atoms and n is an integer in the range from 1 to 3. The friction coefficient and the tendency of the powder to come off from the magnetic layer of the magnetic recording medium are reduced.

Abstract: An oil-soluble composition capable of removing iron sulfide and sludge from metal surfaces and a method of such removal of iron sulfide and sludge from metal surfaces in an oil system, the composition comprising:A. from about 2 to about 15% by weight of a high molecular weight linear diamine;B. from about 3 to about 20% by weight of acetic acid;C. from about 20 to about 50% by weight of a low molecular weight ketone ether solvent;D. from about 1 to about 15% by weight of an alcohol solvent; andE. from about 20 to about 50% by weight of a heavy aromatic naphtha solvent.In the method of removing iron sulfide and sludge from the interior metal surfaces in an oil system, the above composition is added to the effluent of the oil system for onstream treatment in an amount effective to remove the iron sulfide and sludge. Generally, the composition is added to the effluent in an amount of from about 1 to about 20 parts per million of effluent.

Abstract: In the process for applying a phosphate coating to a ferric surface which comprises spraying an aqueous acidic solution at a pH of 4.3 to 6.5 containing an orthophosphate salt of a cation selected from the group consisting of alkali metals and ammonium, in the presence of oxidizing agent or reducing agent accelerators onto said surface, the improvement consisting of adding to said aqueous acidic solution from 0.05 to 1 gm per liter of a short-chain alkylolamine having from 2 to 4 carbon atoms in each alkylol and from 0.01 to 1.5 gm per liter of at least one non-ionic surface-active wetting agent.