Abstract: A method for applying a coating on metal articles that is resistant to chemical and mechanical attack including the steps of first applying a galvanic zinc coating over a metal article, next applying a chromate coating over the zinc coating, drying the chromate coating, and thereafter applying a fluoroplastic resinous coating over the chromate coating.

Abstract: A magnetic recording material which comprises a support having thereon a magnetic recording layer comprising a ferromagnetic substance and a binder, wherein the ferromagnetic substance comprises a mixture of (1) a Berthollide iron oxide having a particle size of about 0.5 .mu. or larger and a degree of oxidation represented by the value of x in FeO.sub.x of 1.33<x.ltoreq.1.45 and (2) a Berthollide iron oxide having a particle size of about 0.4 .mu. or smaller and a degree of oxidation represented by the value of x in FeO.sub.x of 1.43.ltoreq. x< 1.50, in which the weight ratio of Berthollide iron oxide (1) to Berthollide iron oxide (2) ranges from about 1:4 to 4:1.

Abstract: A radiation polymerizable protective coating composition or paint, coated articles bearing such a protective coating and processes for preparing such articles. The radiation polymerizable paint, on a non-polymerizable solvent, pigment, initiator and particulate filler-free basis consists essentially of a binder solution of: (1) an alpha-beta olefinically unsaturated organic resin containing between about 0.5 and about 5 units of olefinic unsaturation per 1,000 units of molecular weight; (2) a compound polymerizable with said resin upon exposure to ionizing radiation; and (3) between about 0.05 and about 1.0 parts per 100 parts of the total of said alpha-beta olefinically unsaturated resin and said compound polymerizable therewith of a mono- or diester of phosphoric acid bearing one or more sites of vinyl unsaturation. The composition exhibits excellent quality and good adhesion to a variety of substrates, in particular metals, including vapor deposited metals.

Abstract: The corrosion protecting action of iron phosphate or zinc phosphate coatings on mild steel is markedly raised by treating with solutions of .alpha.-aminophosphonic or -phosphonous acids or their water soluble salts. Compounds having more than one amino and more than one phosphonic or phosphonous acid groups are also suitable. Paint films on metal surfaces pretreated in this manner show a considerably better adhesion than on untreated surfaces.

Abstract: A phosphate coating solution for forming coatings on a metal surface is contacted with an anion-exchanger loaded or contacted with nitrite ions, whereby the nitrate ions present in the coating solution are replaced by the nitrite ions. This process permits continued operation of a phosphate coating process without replenishing a nitrite solution. This process also allows no accumulation of alkali metal and/or ammonium ions unavailable for the phosphate coating and provides uniform coatings with satisfactory coating properties on the metal surface.

Abstract: Metal treating compositions, containing chromic acid and pulverulent zinc, and which find particular utility in the coating of metal substrates prior to painting, now exhibit extended bath stability through pH adjustment. The key to the adjustment is not in the final bath makeup. Rather, the adjustment is made during preparation of a precursor component containing chromic acid. Such component of adjusted pH may then be blended with additional composition ingredients including the pulverulent zinc to form a bath of excellent stability, e.g., extended freedom from gelation.

Abstract: A non-mushing high lathering synthetic toilet bar comprising, based on the total weight of the actives, 40-85% of C.sub.12 alkane sulfonate, 5-35% of a C.sub.12 natural or synthetic fatty acid, and 5-30% of an additive selected from the group consisting of hydroxyalkane sulfonates, alkylmethyl taurides, hydroxyalkylmethyl taurides, alkyl phosphates, mono-alkyl succinates and maleates, alkane disulfonates, acyl isethionates, alkyl sulfates and alkene sulfonates.

Abstract: A long metal lead frame strip is wound onto a reel with a plastic ribbon interleaved therein to separate adjacent turns of the strip on the reel. The reel is subsequently submersed in an immersion plating solution. Metal ions of the plating solution displace metal atoms at the surface of the strip to form a uniformly thick plating thereon, even in areas that are contacted by the spacing ribbon.

Abstract: A method of surface treating aluminum, particularly aluminum metallization for semiconductors, which includes subjecting the aluminum surface to be treated with fuming nitric acid for one to ten minutes at room temperature. Following cleaning, the surface is subjected to boiling water for 5 to 15 minutes. The foregoing treatment appears to form a boehmite (AlO(OH)) layer on the surface of the aluminum, thereby substantially eliminating hillocking.

Abstract: A metal oxide vapor, such as tungsten oxide, is reacted with a ceramic material, such as aluminum oxide, at a temperature in the range of from about 1300.degree.C to about 1400.degree.C. The metal oxide vapors diffuse into the ceramic material during the reaction. The ceramic material, which now includes tungsten oxide diffused therein, is then subjected to a reducing atmosphere so as to form a cermet region in the ceramic material.

Abstract: The invention is for an improved process for chemically forming a protective, color receptive coating on the surface of aluminum. The aluminum may be aluminum parts or substrates coated with a layer of aluminum. Absent conventional steps such as water rinses and the like, the process comprises cleaning the aluminum surface to the extent necessary, including desmutting, and contacting the part with a spray comprising an aqueous alkaline solution of a ferricyanide compound, with or without added oxygen, for a time sufficient to form the coating. The treatment is believed to be a chemical oxidizing step similar to the formation of an oxide film electrically using a conventional anodizing process.

Abstract: An insulating coating having a high adhesion on an oriented silicon steel sheet, which applies a tension on the surface of the steel sheet and restrains magnetostriction increased when compressive stress is subjected to said oriented silicon steel sheet, is formed by applying a coating aqueous dispersion of 7 - 24% by weight of colloidal silica and 5 - 30% by weight of magnesium phosphate in monobasic magnesium phosphate on the oriented silicon steel sheet and baking the thus treated steel sheet at a temperature of 350.degree. - 900.degree.C. Said coating is more improved by adding 0.01 - 5% by weight of at least one of chromic anhydride, chromates and bichromates to said coating aqueous dispersion.

Abstract: There is provided a liquid detergent and softening composition for laundering purposes jointly combining high detergency and fabric softening properties.

Abstract: In the manufacture of cold-rolled steel strip in thin and super-thin strip thicknesses, especially for stretch-forming and deep-drawing operations, the strip after annealing is coated with a liquid containing preferably both a phosphatizing reactant and a lubricant, the strip is then rolled up to hold the liquid between the layers thereof and the retained heat within the strip is utilized to effect the phosphatizing reaction. In one specific embodiment of the invention the strip after annealing is advantageously cooled to a temperature of approximately 100.degree. C. prior to the coating thereon of the phosphatizing and lubricating liquid. In a variation of the invention the liquid coated onto the strip contains only the phosphatizing reactants and the lubricant is separately applied if needed upon the unrolling of the strip.

Abstract: Blend of olefin sulfonate detergent with other detergents such as sulfates of higher alcohol or alkylbenzenesulfonates.

Abstract: An aqueous solution for alkaline stripping of metallic surfaces having a resist coating on at least a portion of the surface thereof, the resist coating normally being based upon polyvinyl chloride, such as polyvinyl chloride contained in a base emulsion for a photo resist material. The alkaline stripper solution is based upon a mixture of potassium hydroxide and ammonium hydroxide, together with a chelating agent consisting of the sodium salts of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, acetic acid, and ethylene glycol monobutyl ether.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for applying a tannin containing post-treatment composition over zinc phosphate conversion coatings on metallic surfaces so as to provide an improved base for paint, lacquer, varnish, or similar organic finishes. Also disclosed are a process for the transport and application of the tannin composition and a process for preparing a metallic surface for electrodeposition painting.

Abstract: Metal treating compositions, formulated from precursor components, and containing chromic acid with pulverulent zinc and thereby finding particular utility in coating metal substrates prior to painting, can now have simplified precursor components. Such simplified precursor components may be easily and readily blended to form the metal treating composition. Yet such precursor components exhibit enhanced storage stability as well as compositional simplicity.

Abstract: Outgassing of hydrogen from high-vacuum system components made of stainless steel and similar alloys can be minimized if the metal surfaces to be exposed to the vacuum are treated according to the technique disclosed herein. First, an adherent layer comprising a mixture of oxides and nitrides is formed on the metal surfaces. This oxide and nitride mixture layer serves as a barrier to hydrogen diffusion. Then, a reduced layer having a low heat of adsorption for water is formed on the exposed surface of the oxide and nitride mixture layer. This reduced layer is made sufficiently thin to preclude outgassing of significant amounts of hydrogen into the vacuum system. In effect, a vacuum envelope is formed which outgasses only from a thin layer of reduced oxide.

Abstract: A laundry oil containing 0.02 to 2.0 weight percent 8-hydroxyquinoline as an antibacterial agent and the process of laundering mops and other fabrics used to wipe dust with such oil. In a preferred aspect of the invention the mops, etc. are laundered directly with the oil. When copper is present in the laundering apparatus the laundry oil preferably contains 0.0001 to 0.5 weight percent benzotriazole.