Abstract: The present invention relates to a head and neck simulation phantom device for simulating the head and neck of a body, the phantom device including: a flat type first plate having a first insertion groove formed on one surface thereof; a flat type second plate disposed to come into contact with the other surface of the first plate and having a second insertion groove formed on the contacted surface with the other surface of the first plate in such a manner as to correspond to the first insertion groove; and a plurality of teeth simulants inserted into the first insertion groove and the second insertion groove and for simulating the teeth of the body.

Abstract: A robotic arm, movable in three rotational degrees of freedom has a base end and a distal end supporting SPECT imaging detectors. A patient support assembly is movable in a linear degree of freedom. A controller causes the robotic arm to move the SPECT imaging detectors, in three dimensions, around the patient's body to obtain SPECT images. The control causes the patient support assembly to move along the linear degree of freedom, maintaining alignment of the patient's body with the SPECT imaging detectors.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a system to achieve spatially (e.g. three-dimensionally) confined photomodulation at the focal volume (50) in a ample (55) mounted in a microscope system, comprising two or more laser light sources (41, 42) emitting light (32, 34) of different wavelengths adapted to excite a material in an identical number of independent excitation steps to a higher vibrational state from which the material relaxes, either emitting a conversion light to be detected (“photoexcitation”) or modulating the spectral properties of the material (“photomodulation”).

Abstract: A sensor comprises a substrate; an array of nanowire field effect transistors (NWFETs) formed in said substrate, each of the NWFETs having source, drain and gate terminals; a nanowire coupled between the source terminal and the drain terminal of each NWFET; and a layer of radiation sensitive material disposed over said NWFETs and said nanowires with each of the source, drain and gate terminals configured to be coupled to respective ones of first, second or third reference potentials, wherein each NWFET is configured such that the conductivity between the source and drain changes in response to radiation absorbed in the layer of radiation sensitive material such that the sensor generates an output signal in response to radiation absorbed by the radiation sensitive material.

Abstract: An imaging device for electromagnetic radiation, especially for x-ray and/or gamma radiation, is disclosed. In an embodiment, the imaging device includes a layering including a number of detection elements, a number of read-out boards and a base board. Each of the detection elements is electrically contacted with a respective read-out board via a plurality of first solder contacts. Each read-out board includes a plurality of through-contacts and is electrically contacted with the base board via a plurality of second solder contacts.

Abstract: A method of removing residual charge from a photoconductive material includes applying a first voltage to the photoconductive material to form an electrostatic field during a collection operation in which x-rays are irradiated onto the photoconductive material; and applying a second voltage to the photoconductor to reduce an amount of residual charge therein during a removal operation, the second voltage being different from the first voltage. In one or more example embodiments, the photoconductive material may include Mercury Iodine (Hgl2).

Abstract: A radiation detector may include: a first photoconductor layer including a plurality of photosensitive particles; and/or a second photoconductor layer on the first photoconductor layer, and including a plurality of crystals obtained by crystal-growing photosensitive material. At least some of the plurality of photosensitive particles of the first photoconductor layer may fill gaps between the plurality of crystals of the second photoconductor layer. A method of manufacturing a radiation detector may include: forming a first photoconductor layer by applying paste, including solvent mixed with a plurality of photosensitive particles, to a first substrate; forming a second photoconductor layer by crystal-growing photosensitive material on a second substrate; pressing the crystal-grown second photoconductor layer on the first photoconductor layer that is applied to the first substrate; and/or removing the solvent in the first photoconductor layer via a drying process.

Abstract: In relation to a cut and pull operation, a nuclear tool may be used for evaluating the composition of materials located behind a pipe lining the wellbore. More specifically, a downhole method may include emitting gamma rays into the pipe and the material from a source of a nuclear tool disposed in the wellbore; detecting gamma radiation scattered back from the pipe and the material with a detector of the nuclear tool; determining a high-energy range and a low-energy range for the gamma radiation; measuring count rates of the gamma radiation in the high-energy range (CRH) and the low-energy range (CRL); performing an analysis of (1) the CRH relative to (2) the CRL; and determining a compositional equivalent for the material based on the analysis.

Abstract: A detector for detecting single photons of infrared radiation. In one embodiment a waveguide configured to transmit infrared radiation is arranged to be adjacent a graphene sheet and configured so that evanescent waves from the waveguide overlap the graphene sheet. The graphene sheet has two contacts connected to an amplifier, a power detector, and a pulse detector. An infrared photon absorbed by the graphene sheet from the evanescent waves heats the graphene sheet, which increases the Johnson noise generated at the contacts. The Johnson noise is amplified and the absorption of a photon is detected by the power detector and pulse detector.

Abstract: Systems and methods may be provided for forming enhanced infrared absorption microbolometers. An enhanced infrared absorption microbolometer may include a metal cap formed from a thin layer of oxidizing metal such as titanium and/or a titanium oxide. The metal cap may be formed within a bridge portion of the microbolometer. The bridge portion may include other layers such as first and second absorber layers disposed on opposing sides of a layer of temperature sensitive resistive material. The layer of temperature sensitive resistive material may be located between the metal cap and a reflecting metal layer formed on a readout integrated circuit for the microbolometer.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a thermal pile sensing structure integrated with one or more capacitors, which includes: a substrate, an infrared sensing unit and a partition structure. The infrared sensing unit includes a first and a second sensing structure. A hot junction is formed between the first and the second sensing structures at a location where the first and the second sensing structures are close to each other. A cold junction is formed between the partition structure and the first sensing structure at a location where these two structures are close to each other. Another cold junction is formed between the partition structure and the second sensing structure at a location where these two structures are close to each other. A temperature difference between the hot junction and the cold junction generates a voltage difference signal. Apart of the partition structure forms at least one capacitor.

Abstract: A thermal image sensor including: a plurality of infrared detector elements that detect infrared light in a detection area; and rotors that scan the detection area in a scanning direction to detect, with the plurality of infrared detector elements, infrared light in an area to be captured as a single thermal image. The plurality of infrared detector elements include infrared detector elements arranged in mutually different positions in a rotational direction corresponding to the scanning direction of the plurality of infrared detector elements.

Abstract: A layered three-dimensional radiation position detector includes two-dimensional scintillator arrays that are pixelated by optically discontinuous surfaces and stacked on a light receiving surface of a light receiving element, responses of scintillator elements detecting radiations being made identifiable on the light receiving surface to obtain a three-dimensional radiation detection position. A scintillator array lying on a radiation incident surface side has a pixel pitch smaller than that of a scintillator array lying on a light receiving element side so that the scintillator array on the radiation incident surface side has increased resolution. A layered three-dimensional radiation position detector achieving both low cost and high resolution can thus be provided.

Abstract: A method of making a measuring instrument, such as a gas analyser (20), comprises the steps of: selecting one or more measuring devices, such as an electrochemical cell (9) and/or an infrared gas analyser (14), from a group of measuring devices; selecting a tubular profile (5) of the appropriate length for the selected measuring devices; and mounting the selected measuring devices (9, 14) in the tubular profile (5).

Abstract: A sensor device for a motor vehicle includes a light source, a detection device and a control and evaluation device. The control and evaluation device activates the light source to emit pulses, activates the detection device for detecting light reflected back by the environment, and evaluates the signals from the detection device. The control and evaluation device, the detection device and the light source are designed as a Time-of-Flight structure for detection in a first spatial direction such that spatially assignable distance data are detected. The light source and the detection device are disposed in a receiving space arranged along a bearing surface of a vehicle. The light source is disposed inside the receiving space in a tilted manner such than an angle of at least 5 degrees is formed between a normal to the bearing surface and an optical axis of the light source.

Abstract: An environmental sensor may include a heat source that heats a metal oxide sensing material. Electrodes may be formed in the metal oxide sensing material that measure the resistance of the metal oxide sensing material to determine the concentration of various gases. The environmental sensor may include an infrared light source that emits infrared light at a given wavelength. An infrared detector and band-pass filter may be used to detect the concentration of a particular gas such as carbon dioxide. In order to reduce power consumption, a heater may act as both the heat source for the metal oxide sensing material and the infrared light source for the infrared detector. The metal oxide sensing material, heater, and infrared detector may be formed in the same enclosure. The enclosure may have an opening that is aligned with an opening in an electronic device housing.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a fiber optic device that enables multiphoton imaging with improved signal-to-noise ratio having a single piece of double-clad fiber (DCF). The device also includes all components for focusing, scanning and signal collection within an endomicroscope probe of 2.1 mm outer diameter (OD). The unprecedented imaging capability of this miniature endomicroscope is demonstrated herein via both ex vivo and in vivo experiments.

Abstract: An alpha ray observation device and an alpha ray observation method are provided that can correctly evaluate a signal derived from alpha rays. The alpha ray observation device according to an embodiment includes a device housing 10, an incident window 2, a condenser 3, an optical path changer 4, and a first optical detector 5. The device housing 10 is provided with an opening. The incident window 2 is provided at the opening, and can block beta rays. Emitted light originated by alpha rays caused from the measurement object set outside of the device housing 10 enters the inside of the device housing 10 through the incident window 2 with beta rays being blocked, and is condensed by the condenser 3, and the optical path is changed by the optical path changer 4, and subsequently the light is detected by the first optical detector 5. The first optical detector 5 outputs a signal according to the amount of detected light.

Abstract: Various embodiments include systems and methods to provide a pulsed chemical neutron source. The pulsed chemical neutron source can be used in well logging applications. Apparatus can be arranged to generate neutrons from a chemical neutron emitter and to pass the neutrons through an aperture of a neutron shield when the chemical neutron emitter aligns with the aperture such that the neutrons are substantially blocked by the neutron shield when the chemical neutron emitter is unaligned with the aperture. In various embodiments, movement of one or more of the chemical neutron emitter or the neutron shield can be controlled such that the aperture and the chemical neutron emitter operatively align with each other during a selected portion of the movement, generating pulses of neutrons output from the neutron shield. Additional apparatus, systems, and methods are disclosed.

Abstract: A method using a laser to propagate a laser beam through an optically-transparent medium, wherein the laser has a power level beyond a critical value Pcr, and wherein the laser beam interacts with the optically transparent medium to generate a laser-induced plasma filament (LIPF); and adjusting the power level to qualitatively detect chemical components within the optically-transparent medium.