Abstract: A method for preparing a block polymer A--B--C with alkyl lithium where the improvement is in the formation of block B. The method of forming block B which is a conjugated diene is carried out without the removal of contaminants.

Abstract: New polymers and copolymers containing silver and/or copper, useful e.g. in manufacturing dialysis and filtration membranes, ion exchangers, light sensitive layers, catalysts and hydrophilic coatings, are prepared from copolymers or polymer mixtures containing both nitrile groups and strong acidic groups, by bringing them in contact with monovalent silver or copper ions or with their mixtures. Silver and/or copper are attached to nitrile groups by secondary valences, thus forming complex compounds. The probable formulae of the complex groups are: --CN.Ag.sup.+ or perhaps --CN.Ag.sup.+.NC-- and --CN.Cu.sup.+ or perhaps --CN.Cu.sup.+.Cu.sup.+.NC-- , the complex cations forming polymeric salts with strong acidic groups of the same or of an adjoining macromolecule, to which all said nitrile and strongly acidic groups are attached as substituents.

Abstract: Polymer or copolymer of vinyl chloride having superior properties can be produced by suspension-polymerizing vinyl chloride or a mixture thereof with another vinyl monomer, at first, in the presence of an oil-soluble radical initiator, and thereafter, when the percentage of polymerization of the resulting polymer has reached about 15% to about 80%, subjecting the polymer to a further polymerization in the presence of a water-soluble radical initiator.The product thus obtained has both the merits resulting from suspension polymerization and emulsion one. It has an extremely high absorptivity of plasticizer, easy processability, and film made therefrom has substantially no fish eye.

Abstract: High impact resistant thermoplastic resins are produced in three steps: (a) graft polymerizing a minor amount of unsaturated monomer onto a major amount of diene type rubber polymer in latex form, (b) mixing the grafted diene type rubber latex with a monomer or monomers, extracting the grafted rubber polymer particles into the monomer phase and separating and discarding the water phase to obtain a grafted rubber polymer particle dispersed monomer solution, and (c) bulk polymerizing the resulting rubber polymer particle dispersed monomer solution.

Abstract: Azo dyes for dyeing polyester fabric are made by coupling an appropriate diazotized amino heterocyclic base into an .alpha.-(N-alkylanilino)-m-toluene sulfonamide, typified by .alpha.-(N-ethyl anilino)-m-toluene sulfonamide. This class of azo dye, when appropriately dispersed, produces dyeings on aromatic polyester fabrics with excellent substantivity, outstanding sublimation fastness, and good fastness to light. The dyes are applied to polyesters, such as polyethylene terephthalate, by carrier dyeing, pressure dyeing, and thermofixation methods.

Abstract: Process of manufacturing bead-shaped polymers from acrylic acid by the polymerization of monomeric acrylic acid under slow addition of the monomer to a powerfully stirred, boiling hydrophobic reaction medium and in the presence of a free radical catalyst as well as polymerization regulator and/or cross-linking agents which comprises carrying out the polymerization in the presence of a polymerization inhibitor and/or polymerization retarder.

Abstract: A process for the suspension polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated monomers -- particularly for the preparation of water-soluble polymers -- wherein a liquid monomer phase is polymerized while suspended in a liquid organic suspending medium in the presence of a macromolecular stabilizing or suspending agent having a macromolecular portion or portions solvated by the liquid monomer phase and another macromolecular portion or portions solvated by the liquid organic suspending medium.Water-soluble suspension polymers, preparable by this process, comprising quaternization products or salts of dialkylaminoalkyl esters or of dialkylaminoalkyl amides of acrylic acid or of methacrylic acid.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of new copolymers of olefins or olefins and non-conjugated dienes with unsaturated furan and/or thiophene derivatives, by co-ordination catalysis is disclosed.The copolymers of present invention are characterized by the fact that the monomers derived from furan or thiophene have the formulaWhere X represents oxygen or sulphur, p equals 0 or 1, and R.sub.1 represents, when p equals 0, a vinyl radical orm being an integer from 0 to 12, and, when p equals 1, an alkenyl radical of from 2 to 20 carbon atoms.These copolymers can replace polyolefins or copolymers of olefins or olefins and dienes, in cases where resistance to ultra-violet radiation is needed.

Abstract: The premature vulcanization of rubber materials is substantially inhibited by incorporating therein a sulfenamide of the formula: ##SPC1##Wherein R, which may be the same or different, is alkyl of 1 to 8 carbon atoms. The preferred sulfenamide is N-phenythio-3,5-lupetidine. Said sulfenamide is incorporated into the rubber with or without a conventional vulcanization accelerator and is preferably employed in the form of a powder preparation adsorbed in an inorganic carrier.

Abstract: Vinyl halide polymers, preferably polyvinyl chloride, which exhibit improved processing characteristics without sacrificing physical properties are prepared by partially polymerizing vinyl halide monomer at a first reaction temperature and then changing the reaction temperature and continuing the polymerization at a second temperature conducive to forming a polymer of an average molecular weight range different from that obtainable at the first reaction temperature. The product provides the physical characteristics of polymer blends but can be processed without formation of fish eyes.

Abstract: N-3-Aminoalkyl propionamides with an ether substituent on the beta carbon atom are prepared by the reaction of analogous N-3-oxohydrocarbon-substituted amides with an amine in the presence of a reducing agent, preferably hydrogen and a hydrogenation catalyst. The resulting compounds can be converted to acrylamides by pyrolysis in the presence of a strong base. The latter compounds may also be prepared by the reaction of a .beta.,.gamma.-unsaturated amine with an acrylonitrile in the presence of sulfuric acid. They are useful for improving dyeability of fiber-forming polymers and may be polymerized to form compositions which are useful in paper manufacture and (in their quaternized form) are excellent flocculants.

Abstract: Copolymers containing from 5 to 25 mole percent of anhydride, such as maleic anhydride, have improved, thermally induced reversible cross-linking characteristics when the crosslinking agent is selected from certain hydroxyl containing derivatives of bisphenol A.