Abstract: A method for preparation of a printing plate by an electrophotographic process comprising(i) a step of forming a toner image by an electrophotographic process on the surface of an electrophotographic light-sensitive element which surface has releasability,(ii) a step of transferring the toner image onto a primary receptor having provided thereon a peelable transfer layer which is mainly composed of a resin (A) capable of being removed upon a chemical reaction treatment,(iii) a step of transferring the toner image together with the transfer layer from the primary receptor onto a receiving material a surface of which is capable of providing a hydrophilic surface suitable for lithographic printing at the time of printing, and(iv) a step of removing the transfer layer on the receiving material upon the chemical reaction treatment.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor which is excellent in sensitivity, durability and environmental capability comprises a photosensitive layer containing dihydroxysilicon phthalocyanine which is monoclinic and has lattice constants a=12.8.+-.1.ANG., b=14.5.+-.1.ANG., c=6.8.+-.1.ANG. and .beta.=94.4.+-.1.degree..

Abstract: Disclosed is a photoconductive solution which has excellent charge characteristics with easy control of charge amount and is completely volatilized after baking. The solution contains 2 to 5% by weight of tetracyanoethylene as ultraviolet-sensitive material. 0.1 to 1 wt. % diphenylpicrylhydrazine and tetracyanoquinodimethane below 0.1% by weight are desirably added to the tetracyanoethylene of 2 to 5 wt. % for better accomplishment of the purpose, and the solution contains at least one of trinitrofluorenone, ethylanthraquinone and their mixture of 0.1 to 1 wt. % as an acceptor. The solution is formed by mixing the above ingredients together with 10 to 20 wt. % of at least one of polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, polyalphamethylstyrene and polystyrene-oxazoline copolymer, and 20 to 85 wt. % of toluene as solvent.

Abstract: A method for forming a low surface energy coating for electrophotographic photosensitive body substrates does not require performing a physical surface reforming treatment such as corona discharge, plasma treatment, and the like. The process comprises: forming on the substrate at least one polysiloxane coating material, (B), that has a water contact angle greater than the water contact angle of the substrate; and thereafter forming an outermost surface coating material, (A), on top of coating material (B). The water contact angle of coating material (B) is smaller than the water contact angle of coating material (A). Coating material (A) comprises finely divided silica and a resin of the formula RSiO.sub.3/2, wherein not less than 1 mol % and not more than 80 mol % of the R groups are fluorohydrocarbon groups of 3 to 12 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A method of forming a color image comprising forming at least one color toner image on an electrophotographic light-sensitive element whose surface has releasability by an electrophotographic process, forming a peelable transfer layer on the electrophotographic light-sensitive element bearing the toner image by an electrodeposition coating method using thermoplastic resin grains each containing a resin (AH) having a glass transition point of from 10.degree. C. to 140.degree. C. or a softening point of from 35.degree. C. to 180.degree. C. and a resin (AL) having a glass transition point of not more than 45.degree. C. or a softening point of not more than 60.degree. C. and its glass transition point or softening point is at least 2.degree. C. lower than that of the resin (AH), transferring the toner image together with the transfer layer onto a primary receptor, and then transferring the toner image together with the transfer layer from the primary receptor onto a receiving material.

Abstract: An electrophotographic magnetic carrier of the present invention has an average particle diameter of 10 to 300 .mu.m and comprising a composite particle having a two-layered structure, comprises:magnetic particle as a core particle;a coating layer formed on the surface of the magnetic particle, comprising surface-treating agent having an amino group; andan outer layer formed on the surface of the surface-treating agent layer, comprising an inorganic material and a cured phenol resin,the ratio (r.sub.b /r.sub.a) of an average radius (r.sub.b) of the core particle to a thickness (r.sub.a) of the outer layer being in the range of 10:1 to 300:1.The electrophotographic magnetic carrier not only has a high saturation magnetization and a freely controllable charge amount, but also is free from falling-off or separation of magnetic fine particles from a core particle.

Abstract: A composition comprised of a core and thereover a polymer of (1) polystyrene/alkyl methacrylate/dialkylaminoethyl methacrylate, (2) polystyrene/alkyl methacrylate/alkyl hydrogen aminoethyl methacrylate, (3) polystyrene/alkyl acrylate/dialkylaminoethyl methacrylate, or (4) polystyrene/alkyl acrylate/alkyl hydrogen aminoethyl methacrylate.

Abstract: An electrostatic latent image developer including a toner, which is formed from an outer additive and non-magnetic resin particles containing a binder resin and a coloring agent, and a carrier, in which a resin coating layer in which electroconductive fine powder is dispersed in a matrix resin is formed on a core, wherein a volume specific resistivity of said carrier is greater than or equal to 10.sup.9 .OMEGA..multidot.cm at an electric field strength of 3000 V/cm and is less than or equal to 10.sup.13 .OMEGA..multidot.cm at an electric field strength of 10000 V/cm, said outer additive contains titanium oxide whose volume specific resistivity of a compression-molded molded product is greater than or equal to 10.sup.6 .OMEGA..multidot.cm at an electric field strength of 3000 V/cm and is less than or equal to 10.sup.10 .OMEGA..multidot.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor and a cleaning method of the support therefor are disclosed. The element of Si and Na remaining on the support surface, evaluated in terms of ESCA, has the following relation with a major element constituting the support;0<[Si(surf)/Xs-Si(bulk)/Xb].ltoreq.0.50<[Na(surf)/Xs-Na(bulk)/Xb].ltoreq.0.3,whereinSi(surf): ESCA measurement (silicon) of a support surface after cleaningNa(surf): ESCA measurement (sodium) of a support surface after cleaningSi(bulk): ESCA measurement (silicon) of a support bulkNa(bulk): ESCA measurement (sodium) of a support bulkXs: ESCA measurement (support surface after cleaning) of a major element constituting a supportXb: ESCA measurement (support bulk) of a major element constituting a support.

Abstract: Disclosed is a photoconductive solution which has excellent charge characteristics with easy control of charge amount and is completely volatilized after baking. The solution contains 2 to 5% by weight of tetraphenyl ethylene as ultraviolet-sensitive material. 0.1 to 1 wt. % diphenylpicrylhydrazine or 0.1 wt. % or less of tetracyanoquino-dimethane(TCNQ) as ultraviolet-sensitive donor material is desirably added to the tetraphenyl ethylene of 2 to 5 wt. % for better accomplishment of the purpose, and the solution contains at least one of trinitrofluorenone, ethylanthraquinone and their mixture of 0.1 to 1 wt. % as an acceptor. The solution is formed by mixing the above ingredients together with 10 to 20 wt. % of polystyrene-oxazoline copolymer(PS-OX) as polymer binder, and 20 to 85 wt. % of toluene as solvent.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member according to the present invention includes: a photosensitive layer formed on an electroconductive support member thereof, wherein a surface layer of the photosensitive member contains a silicon denatured polycarbonate copolymer and a silicon-type graft polymer. An electrophotographic photosensitive apparatus according to the present invention includes: an electrophotographic photosensitive member, the surface layer of which contains a silicon denatured polycarbonate copolymer and a silicon-type graft polymer; a latent image forming unit for forming an electrostatic latent image on the electrophotographic photosensitive member; a developing unit for forming a toner image by developing the electrophotographic photosensitive member, on which the electrostatic image has been formed, with a toner; and, optimally, a cleaning unit for cleaning the electrophotographic photosensitive member.

Abstract: A light-absorbing matrix 23, having openings therein, is formed on an interior surface of a faceplate panel 12 of a cathode-ray tube 10 by providing a photoreceptor thereon, electrostatically charging the photoreceptor 72 to a substantially uniform level of charge, and exposing the photoreceptor to light through openings 33 in a color selection electrode 24 to selectively discharge the more intensely illuminated areas of the photoreceptor, without substantially discharging the less intensely illuminated areas. The photoreceptor 72 comprises a plurality of layers including a photoresist layer 56, a conductive layer 62, and a photoconductive layer 66. The openings 33 in the color selection electrode 24 have a dimension substantially greater than the dimension of the openings in the resultant matrix 23.The photoreceptor 72 is contacted with a liquid toner having charged pigment particles which form toner lines 84 on the less intensely illuminated areas of the photoreceptor.

Abstract: A non-magnetic toner for developing an electrostatic image has non-magnetic toner particles produced by polymerizing in an aqueous medium a polymerizable monomer composition containing at least a polymerizable monomer, a carbon black and an azo type iron compound. The carbon black has a DPB oil absorption of from 110 ml/100 g to 200 ml/100 g, a specific surface area of 100 m.sup.2 /g or below as measured by nitrogen adsorption, a volatile component of 2% or less and an average primary particle diameter of from 20 m.mu. to 60 m.mu., and the azo type iron compound is a compound represented by the following Formula (1).

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoconductor includes an electroconductive support, and a photoconductive layer formed thereon containing as an effective component an aromatic polycarbonate resin having a structural unit of formula (I), two structural units of formulae (I) and (II), or a repeat unit of formula (III): ##STR1## wherein Ar.sup.1 to Ar.sup.7, Y, X, and n are as specified in the specification.

Abstract: Composites comprising polymeric binders and phthalocyanine pigments to form a single layer positive organic photoconductor are provided for use in electrophotography. The polymeric binders comprise an aliphatic polymer or copolymer having a saturated ring for each repeat unit either included in the polymer chain or pendant therefrom and about 4 to 35% of functional groups such as --OH, --SH, --N<, >NH, and --NH.sub.2 per repeat unit. The saturated ring portion, being essentially non-polar, or at least less polar than an unsaturated ring, maintains the specific morphology of the phthalo-cyanine pigments commonly employed in positive charge organic photoconductors (OPCs) and results in a stable dispersion required for the stable performance of the OPC. Keeping the functional groups listed above to less than about 35% ensures that the photoresponse is not reduced to an unacceptable level. Heating of the composite is used to control the concentration of the functional groups.

Abstract: Disclosed is a solution for forming photoconductive layer for electrophotographically manufacturing a luminescent screen on an interior surface of a faceplate panel for a CRT. The solution consists of 0.01 to 10% by weight of bis dimethyl phenyl diphenyl butatriene, 1 to 30% by weight of polystyrene, 30 to 100% by weight of 2,5-bis(4-diethyl aminophenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole, against 100% by weight of polystyrene and the remainder of solvent. The photoconductive layer manufactured using the solution facilitates performing all the processes in a visible light environment with safety in work operations, because the solution contains 2,5-bis(4-diethyl aminophenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole, instead of trinitro fluorenone(TNF) of cancer-causing material, as ultraviolet-sensitive material.

Abstract: Toner magnetic powder which uses a resin as a binder and contains a dye is coated by a methyl methacrylate resin, thereby forming a carrier. A developer is formed by such a carrier in which those two components are mixed. An electric conductivity of the impurity extracted water of the carrier due to the pressurization in the pure water is set to 60 .mu.S/cm or less. Namely, the purity is improved so that the electric conductivity of the impurity extracted water of the methyl methacrylate resin due to the pressurization in the pure water is set to 20 .mu.S/cm or less, and the purity is improved so that the electric conductivity of the impurity extracted water of the magnetic powder due to the pressurization in the pure water is set to 60 .mu.S/cm or less, thereby forming a carrier. A carbon addition amount upon manufacturing of the carrier is controlled so that the electric resistance of the carrier is set to a value within a range of 1.times.10.sup.4 to 1.times.10.sup.8 .OMEGA.cm.

Abstract: A flexible electrophotographic imaging member including a supporting substrate coated with at least one imaging layer comprising charge transport material free of long chain alkyl carboxylate groups and a small amount of a different second hole transporting material containing at least two long chain alkyl carboxylate groups dissolved or molecularly dispersed in a film forming binder and coated from a mixture of solvents containing low boiling component and a small concentration of high boiling solvent.

Abstract: Spherical-like composite particles having an average particle size of 1 to 1,000 .mu.m, a volume resistivity of 10.sup.10 to 10.sup.13 .OMEGA.cm and a coercive force of 100 to 4,000 Oe, comprising:magnetically hard particles, magnetically soft particles and a phenol resin as a binder,the total amount of said magnetically hard particles and said magnetically soft particles being 80 to 99% by weight based on the total weight of said spherical-like composite particles, and the ratio (.phi..sub.a /.phi..sub.b) of an average particle size (.phi..sub.a) of said magnetically hard particles to an average particle size (.phi..sub.b) of said magnetically soft particles being more than 1.

Abstract: The toner for developing an electrostatic image has toner particles containing at least binder resin and colorant. The resin components of a range of 2,000 to 100,000 in molecular weight, prepared by preparatory liquid chromatograph from the binder resin, exhibit an M/S ratio of 200 or greater and are 50% to 90% in abundance. The M and S stand for a weight average molecular weight (M) measured by means of light scattering method and an inertia radius (S) measured by means of light scattering method, respectively.