Abstract: According to one aspect of the present invention, what is provided is a rail including, by mass %: C: 0.75% to 1.20%; Si: 0.10% to 2.00%; Mn: 0.10% to 2.00%; Cr: 0.10% to 1.20%; V: 0.010% to 0.200%; N: 0.0030% to 0.0200%; P?0.0250%; S?0.0250%; Mo: 0% to 0.50%, Co: 0% to 1.00%; B: 0% to 0.0050%; Cu: 0% to 1.00%; Ni: 0% to 1.00%; Nb: 0% to 0.0500%; Ti: 0% to 0.0500%; Mg: 0% to 0.0200%; Ca: 0% to 0.0200%; REM: 0% to 0.0500%; Zr: 0% to 0.0200%; Al: 0% to 1.00%; and a remainder consisting of Fe and impurities, in which a structure ranging from an outer surface of a head portion as an origin to a depth of 25 mm includes 95% or greater of a pearlite structure by area ratio, the hardness of the structure is in a range of Hv 360 to 500, and in ferrite of the pearlite structure at a position at a depth of 25 mm from the outer surface of the head portion as the origin, the number density of a V nitride having a grain size of 0.5 to 4.0 nm and including Cr is in a range of 1.0×1017 to 5.0×1017 cm?3.

Abstract: In embodiments, pressurized fluid containing reagents of formulated mixtures of solids, liquids and gasses are delivered into a cased well then into the heap or pile to open or stimulate new horizontal and vertical fluid pathways, channels, plus drains from the open bottom of the well to the bottom of the heap or pile for fluid collection. This delivery method may also drain any fluids that are retained and pooled in the heap or pile. The removal of pooled fluids will increase the inter-particle cohesion and friction in the heap or pile, thus adding geotechnical stability and resistance to movement of the heap or pile. The cased wells may also add shear strength to the collective to retard movement of the heap or pile.

Abstract: A nickel-base alloy for high-temperature applications, preferably for gas turbines, and a process. A selective choice of alloy elements permits the provision of an alloy which can be used to produce components devoid of cracking.

Abstract: The cryogenic austenitic high-manganese steel having excellent corrosion resistance, according to one aspect of the present invention, comprises 0.2-0.5 wt % of C, 23-28 wt % of Mn, 0.05-0.5 wt % of Si, 0.03 wt % or less of P, 0.005 wt % or less of S, 0.5 wt % or less of Al, and 3-4 wt % of Cr, with the remainder being Fe and other unavoidable impurities, also comprises at least 95 area % of austenite as a microstructure, and has Cr concentration sections continuously formed within an area of 50 ?m in the thickness direction from the surface, wherein the Cr concentration sections comprise a high Cr concentration section having a relatively high concentration of Cr, and a low Cr concentration section having a relatively low concentration of Cr, and the high Cr concentration section may be distributed at 30 area % or less (but not 0%) relative to the whole surface area of the Cr sections.

Abstract: This hot-rolled steel sheet has a predetermined chemical composition, a microstructure includes 80% or more of tempered martensite by a volume percentage and a remainder consisting of one or more of ferrite, pearlite, bainite, fresh martensite, and residual austenite, the tempered martensite includes 5×109 pieces/mm3 or more of precipitates containing Ti and having an equivalent circle diameter of 5 nm or less per unit volume, in a surface layer region that is a range from a surface to a 1/10 position of a sheet thickness, a sum of an average pole density of a crystal orientation group consisting of {211}<111> to {111}<112> and a pole density in a crystal orientation of {110}<001> is 6.0 or less, and a tensile strength is 980 MPa or more.

Abstract: An iron-based alloy has excellent corrosion resistance and high strength and a method of manufacturing the iron-based alloy. The iron-based alloy includes Cr: 10 to 22 mass %, W: 1 to 12 mass %, and C: 0.1 to 2.3 mass %, with the remainder being unavoidable impurities and Fe, and is composed of a cast material having a structure composed mainly of austenite or a quenched material having a structure composed mainly of martensite and in which carbides are precipitated. The iron-based alloy may further include Cu: 0.5 to 6 mass % and/or Ni: 0.5 to 2.5 mass %, and may further include at least one of Al, Mo, and Si in an amount of 1 to 3 mass %.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a steel material used as materials for building structures, ship structures, offshore structures, or the like and, more specifically, to a steel material having low yield ratio and excellent weld heat affected zone toughness and a manufacturing method therefor.

Abstract: Disclosed is a non-heat-treated steel that has low deformation resistance during cold forging in bolt head forming and excellent product yield, and that can be manufactured without the need to perform heat treatment for controlling strength variation. The disclosed steel has a chemical composition containing C: 0.18-0.24%, Si: 0.10-0.22%, Mn: 0.60-1.00%, Al: 0.010-0.050%, Cr: 0.65-0.95%, Ti: 0.010-0.050%, B: 0.0015-0.0050%, N: 0.0050-0.0100%, P: 0.025% or less inclusive of 0, S: 0.025% or less inclusive of 0, Cu: 0.20% or less inclusive of 0, and Ni: 0.30% or less inclusive of 0, in a range satisfying: 0.45?C+Si/24+Mn/6+Ni/40+Cr/5?0.60 and N?0.519Al+0.292Ti, with the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities; and a microstructure in which bainite is present in an area ratio of 95% or more, where the microstructure contains prior austenite grains with a grain size number of 6 or more, and strength variation is 100 MPa or less.

Abstract: The steel material according to the present disclosure has a chemical composition consisting of, in mass %, C: more than 0.20 to 0.35%, Si: 0.05 to 1.00%, Mn: 0.02 to 1.00%, P: 0.025% or less, S: 0.0100% or less, Al: 0.005 to 0.100%, Cr: 0.40 to 1.50%, Mo: 0.30 to 1.50%, Ti: 0.002 to 0.050%, B: 0.0001 to 0.0050%, N: 0.0100% or less and O: 0.0100% or less, with the balance being Fe and impurities, and satisfies Formula (1) and Formula (2) described in the description. The yield strength is 862 MPa or more. A numerical proportion of precipitates having an equivalent circular diameter within a range of 20 to 300 nm among precipitates having an equivalent circular diameter of 20 nm or more in the steel material is 0.85 or more.

Abstract: One aspect relates to a process for producing a sintered workpiece, which includes sintering of a ceramic material at a temperature of at least 1000° C. and in an atmosphere, in the case of which the partial pressure of atmospheric air is reduced to less than 10?6-times, based on the ambient air at the same temperature under equilibrium conditions.

Abstract: A process is described for recovering a non-ferrous metal from a first solid residue comprising iron. In this process, the first solid residue is mixed with a second solid residue including sulphur, thereby obtaining a particulate mixture. The particulate mixture is subjected to a roasting step at a temperature of at least 650° C. to obtain a roasted mixture, and the roasted mixture is subjected to leaching in a liquid at a pH of at least 5.5 to obtain a solution enriched with the non-ferrous metal.

Abstract: A spot welded joint of at least two steel sheets is provided. At least one of the steel sheets presents yield strength above or equal to 600 MPa, an ultimate tensile strength above or equal to 1000 MPa, uniform elongation above or equal to 15%. The base metal chemical composition includes 0.05?C?0.21%, 4.0?Mn?7.0%, 0.5?Al?3.5%, Si?2.0%, Ti?0.2%, V?0.2%, Nb?0.2%, P?0.025%, B?0.0035%, and the spot welded joint contains a molten zone microstructure containing more than 0.5% of Al and containing a surface fraction of segregated areas lower than 1%, said segregated areas being zones larger than 20 ?m2 and containing more than the steel nominal phosphorus content.

Abstract: Methods of placing sensors in structures may involve placing first particles including a first material of the structure on or above a support surface. Second particles including a second, different material may be dispersed among the first particles at least within a transition region of the structure proximate to a location where a sensor is to be supported by the structure. A sensor may be placed in the location. The first particles of the first material may be fused to one another and to the second particles of the second material to form the structure with the sensor supported by the structure.

Abstract: In a three-dimensional printing method example, a liquid functional agent is selectively applied. The liquid functional agent includes an alloying agent. A metallic build material is applied. The liquid functional agent is selectively applied before the metallic build material, after the metallic build material, or both before and after the metallic build material. The liquid functional agent patterns the metallic build material to form a composite layer. At least some of the metallic build material is exposed to energy to melt the at least some of the metallic build material to form a layer. Upon contact or after energy exposure, the alloying agent and the build material alter a composition of the composite layer.

Abstract: A cemented carbide comprising a plurality of tungsten carbide particles and a binder phase, wherein in a first region of a first graph showing results obtained by carrying out line analysis along a first direction going from position X1 provided in the tungsten carbide particles to position X2 provided in the binder phase adjacent to the tungsten carbide particles, a distance PW at a maximum intensity IW of tungsten, a maximum distance PW70 showing an intensity IW70 of 70% of the maximum intensity IW, a distance PV at a maximum intensity IV of vanadium, a distance PCr at a maximum intensity ICr of chromium, a minimum distance PCo70 showing an intensity ICo70 of 70% of a maximum intensity ICo of cobalt, and a distance PCo at the maximum intensity ICo show a relationship PW<PW70<PV<PCr<PCo70<PCo.

Abstract: The metal plate includes a plurality of pits located on the surface of the metal plate. The manufacturing method for a metal plate for use in manufacturing of a deposition mask includes an inspection step of determining a quality of the metal plate based on a sum of volumes of a plurality of pits located at a portion of the surface of the metal plate.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method comprising disposing a first particle in a reactor; the first particle being a magnetic particle or a particle that can be influenced by a magnetic field, an electric field or a combination of an electrical field and a magnetic field; fluidizing the first particle in the reactor; applying a uniform magnetic field, a uniform electrical field or a combination of a uniform magnetic field and a uniform electrical field to the reactor; elevating the temperature of the reactor; and fusing the first particles to form a monolithic solid.

Abstract: A production method for producing a product by joining a first part containing an inorganic powder and a binder to a second part containing an inorganic powder and a binder is provided. The production method includes a first step of forming the first part by a three-dimensional shaping apparatus, a second step of forming the second part, a third step of assembling the first part and the second part, thereby obtaining an assembly, a fourth step of heating the assembly at a first temperature, and a fifth step of heating the assembly at a second temperature higher than the first temperature after the fourth step, wherein the first part has a first region that comes in contact with the second part and a second region that does not come in contact with the second part, and a melting point of the binder contained in the first region is lower than a melting point of the binder contained in the second region.

Abstract: An article of manufacture includes a part structure formed via a first additive manufacturing process and a floating structure within the part structure which is mechanically decoupled from the part structure. The floating structure is formed concurrently with the part structure via the first additive manufacturing process.

Abstract: There is provided a steel material that has a high critical working ratio in cold forging and has a high fatigue strength and an excellent hydrogen embrittlement resistance when the steel material is formed into a carburized-steel component. The steel material according to the present embodiment has a chemical composition that contains, in mass %, C: 0.07 to 0.13%, Si: 0.15 to 0.35%, Mn: 0.60 to 0.80%, S: 0.005 to 0.050%, Cr: 1.90 to 2.50%, B: 0.0005 to 0.0100%, Ti: 0.010 to less than 0.050%, Al: 0.010 to 0.100%, Ca: 0.0002% to 0.0030%, N: 0.0080% or less, P: 0.050% or less, and O: 0.0030% or less, with the balance being Fe and impurities, and satisfies Formula (1) to Formula (5) described in the specification.