Abstract: A laser plasma X-ray generating apparatus that can promptly repair a cryo-target layer on a drum surface held at a very low temperature using a liquid nitrogen is provided, and a drum 122 is fixed to a lower end of a shaft 121, and the drum 122 is arranged so as to be able to be moved in its rotating direction and its axle direction at an inside of the cryo-forming cover 106. And a liquid nitrogen supplying pipe 131 is inserted into the shaft 121, and a conduit 144 for supplying the target gas is connected to the cryo-forming cover 106. Further, a jacket 171 is arranged at the periphery of the cryo-forming cover 106 and a pipe 185 is arranged at the periphery of the conduit 144, resulting in forming a heat exchanger.

Abstract: A method of fabricating an antiscatter grid, an antiscatter grid element and the antiscatter grid formed by the method comprising: forming grid elements by covering portions of at least one substrate with strips made of a radiation absorbent material wherein the portions of the substrate are dimensioned with a width greater than the width of the strips made of the absorbent material. The grid elements are superimposed. Pressing or grasping the superimposed grid elements at least on the parts of the element not covered with the absorbent material. The elements can be formed on a single substrate or on strips of substrate each one supporting a strip made of the absorbent material.

Abstract: An apparatus determines the thickness and composition of a multi-layered sample comprised of at least a copper layer and a tin-copper alloy plating layer disposed on the copper layer. The sample is irradiated with primary X-rays and an energy-dispersive X-ray detector detects fluorescent X-rays and diffracted X-rays emitted from the sample. An X-ray spectrum of the detected fluorescent X-rays and diffracted X-rays is generated. The concentration of copper in the tin-copper alloy plating layer of the sample is determined utilizing peak intensities of the diffracted X-rays in the X-ray spectrum. The thickness of the tin-copper alloy plating layer of the sample is determined utilizing peak intensities of the fluorescent X-rays in the X-ray spectrum and the determined copper concentration.

Abstract: Systems and methods that utilize asymmetric geometry to acquire radiographic tomosynthesis images are described. Embodiments comprise tomosynthesis systems and methods for creating a reconstructed image of an object from a plurality of two-dimensional x-ray projection images. These systems comprise: an x-ray detector; and an x-ray source capable of emitting x-rays directed at the x-ray detector; wherein the tomosynthesis system utilizes asymmetric image acquisition geometry, where ?1??0, during image acquisition, wherein ?1 is a sweep angle on one side of a center line of the x-ray detector, and ?0 is a sweep angle on an opposite side of the center line of the x-ray detector, and wherein the total sweep angle, ?asym, is ?asym=?1+?0. Reconstruction algorithms may be utilized to produce reconstructed images of the object from the plurality of two-dimensional x-ray projection images.

Abstract: The invention provides a system and method for microscopic X-ray fluorescence. An X-ray source, X-ray focusing element and a tapered X-ray opaque focusing aperture provide a focused X-ray spot on a sample. The system translates a sample between an imaging position and a testing position. In the imaging position, the sample is aligned in three dimensions and after alignment, the system automatically translates the sample between the imaging position and the testing position. To avoid collision between the sample and other elements of the system, a position detecting device terminates the sample translation if the sample trips the position detecting device. The focusing aperture of the system has a tapered through opening to block unfocused X-rays and reduce or eliminate a halo effect. To detect low atomic number elements, a detector aperture is vacuum sealed to an X-ray detector and X-ray elements of the system are vacuum evacuated.

Abstract: An x-ray target assembly including a housing having a recess, a cooling fluid contained within the recess and an x-ray target attached to the housing, wherein the x-ray target does not directly contact the cooling fluid.

Abstract: A technique is provided in which a gain correction map derived for a detector at one X-ray spectrum may be adapted to accommodate images acquired by the detector at a different X-ray spectrum. The technique accounts for the physical variations in the detector which may produce spectrally-sensitive artifacts as well as for the particular image acquisition conditions. A technique is also provided for correcting edge artifacts in an acquired image by measuring median signal intensity within columns or rows of the image and deriving correction factors for the respective edge columns or rows based upon the trends of the median signal intensities. A technique is also provided for storing detector attributes during a manufacturing calibration process and accessing them during system operation such that a suitable gain correction factor is employed based upon the spectrum and operating conditions.

Abstract: An X-ray emission device and method for a radiology apparatus comprises a cathode and a rotating anode, the anode being provided with a roughly cylindrical surface. The device forms a beam of electrons that bombards a portion of the roughly cylindrical surface of the anode that constitutes the focal point of emission of the X-rays. The position of the focal point of the anode relative to a reference position is dynamically controlled.

Abstract: An X-ray apparatus for retarding a virus in a human body is disclosed. The X-ray apparatus has four X-ray guns. Each of the four X-ray guns generating a separate frequency of an X-ray burst. A virus retardation method is also disclosed. The human body is irradiated with a series of bursts of X-rays, the X-ray bursts having a series of frequencies tuned to energize four different amino acid bases of RNA of the virus.

Abstract: An X-ray CT apparatus includes a plurality of X-ray irradiation sources and a plurality of X-ray detection units. Timing of irradiation of X-ray is shifted by each X-ray irradiation source, the detection unit separately obtains projection data and scatter correction data. In a scatter correction unit, scatter correction is performed based on the projection data and the scatter correction data.

Abstract: An X-ray computed tomography apparatus monitors the density of a contrast medium injected into a subject with a CT value by a preparation scan so as to adjust the main scan start timing. A guidance output unit outputs guidance to the subject. A control unit compares the CT value of tomographic image data obtained by the preparation scan with the first threshold, supplies guidance data to the guidance output unit to output the guidance to the subject when the CT value has reached the first threshold. The control unit compares the CT value of the tomographic image obtained by the preparation scan with the second threshold different from the first threshold, and starts executing the main scan or preparing the execution of the main scan when the CT value has reached the second threshold.

Abstract: The X-ray inspection system 10 comprises an X-ray electron conversion face 42 for converting an entered X-ray image transmitted through the measurement object into an electronic image, an output fluorescent face 46 for emitting fluorescence when an electronic image is entered, and deflecting means 44 which is installed between the X-ray electron conversion face 42 and output fluorescent face 46, wherein the electronic image which was entered and converted at the X-ray electron conversion face 42 is converged into a predetermined area on the output fluorescent face 46 by the deflecting means 44 so as to make the X-ray fluoroscopic image of the moving measurement object stand still on the output fluorescent face 46. By this, the image of the measurement object can be captured during the time when the X-ray fluorescence image is standing still, so sensitivity can be secured while increasing the resolution.

Abstract: In order to correlate information of a core sample taken from a borehole with information derived from an original position of the core sample in the borehole, the core is scanned using computed tomography (CT) to generate core slices having first depths assignable thereto based upon a drilling record. The core slices are concerted to first bulk density data using either region-of-interest statistics or selective histogram statistics, which is then compared to second bulk density data obtained from logging at respective second depths to obtain a good match between the first and second depths.

Abstract: An X-ray tube comprises a cathode, an anode target assembly and an axial flux motor having a rotor and a stator. The stator is positioned along a transverse axis parallel to the rotor axis. The rotor and the stator are configured to be coupled to the anode target assembly. A cathode generates an electron beam for impingement upon the anode target assembly and a vacuum housing surrounds the anode target assembly, the cathode and the rotor to enable the electron beam impingement.

Abstract: An X-ray apparatus has a radiation source and a radiation receiver that are movably mounted at a stand arranged at the ceiling of an installation room. The stand has a first slide system and a second slide system with respective slide directions that are orthogonal relative to one another. A rotary device that is displaceable via the second slide system is provided at the second slide system. The radiation source and the radiation receiver are seated so as to be rotatable in common via the rotary device. The radiation source and the radiation receiver are arranged at respective telescoping carriers that are in turn displaceable at a third slide system that is arranged at the rotary device and that is rotatable by the rotary device.

Abstract: The preferred orientation of a polycrystalline material is estimated using one diffraction peak. An orientation density distribution function ? is assumed to be axisymmetric around a normal direction of the surface of a sample made of a polycrystalline material. The function ? may be a Gaussian function or a March-Dollase function. An X-ray is incident upon the surface of the sample at an incident angle ? and the intensity of a diffraction X-ray is measured. The change of intensity of the diffraction X-ray is measured with the incident angle ? being changed to attain a measurement rocking curve. A theoretical diffraction X-ray intensity is calculated based on the orientation density distribution function ?. The characteristic parameter of the function ? is determined so that the theoretical rocking curve approaches the measurement rocking curve as closely as possible, whereby the orientation density distribution function ? can be determined.

Abstract: A C-arm x-ray machine includes a compact yoke and a support arm interposed between the yoke and the support base to reduce overall length of the machine and to increase overscan. The support arm is designed to lower the axis of rotation such that the axis of rotation nearly coincides with the center of gravity of the C-arm. The compact yoke is designed with a thin pivot point and includes a steel sleeve to enclose a pin situated at the first end of the yoke. The steel sleeve is required to strengthen the yoke at the critical load bearing area near the first end of the yoke.

Abstract: A method, processor and computed tomography (CT) machine for generating images utilizing high and low sensitivity data collected from a flat panel detector having an extended dynamic range. Hardware modifications for extending the dynamic range include grouping pixel rows and pixel columns into clusters of two. The sensitivity of the rows/columns is modified by positioning optical masks that have different transparencies for different rows/columns. Software modifications for extending the dynamic range include taking two correlated exposure scan measurements at each angle and combining the two data sets into one scan prior to image reconstruction. This method uses a spatially varying pixel exposure method where several adjacent pixels are clustered and each cluster has a different sensitivity. The signals of these clusters are combined to form one image effectively producing an increased dynamic range.

Abstract: A radiographic device includes a platform defining a lateral and longitudinal directions and a mounting assembly having a first end pivotably coupled to the platform and a second end, wherein the second end is movable in the lateral and longitudinal directions. A yoke has a first bracket with a cross support coupled to the mounting assembly second end for pivoting about a Y axis extending parallel to the longitudinal direction, and spaced first and second arms are coupled to the cross support. A radiographic head is pivotably coupled to the first and second arms of the first bracket at points along an X axis extending parallel to the lateral direction, wherein the radiographic head is pivotable about the X axis.

Abstract: A device for filtering a ray bundle of electromagnetic radiation, particularly an X-ray bundle has different filter stages, produced by multiple filters that can be adjusted into the ray bundle, a drive for moving the filters, and separate arms for moving each of the filters. The respective first ends of the arms engage at the appertaining filter and the respective other ends thereof are chargeable with a force generated by the drive. Dependent on the motion of the drive, each of the filters can either be set into the beam path by charging the appertaining arm with an actuating force or can be retrieved from the ray bundle by charging the arm with a restoring force. A dog driven by the drive is able to be brought into contact with two detents respectively present at each of the arms. An IN detent is provided for charging the arm with the actuating force and an OUT detent is provided for charging the arm with the restoring force.