Abstract: A process comprising passing a residual oil through a plurality of hydrodesulfurization stages in series to produce a relatively low sulfur hydrodesulfurizer residual oil effluent. A portion of desulfurized oil flowing between stages is passed through a thermal cracking zone containing a packed bed of inert solids to produce middle distillates and a cracked residual oil which is relatively high in sulfur but which contains less than 7 weight percent pentane insolubles. Because of its low aromaticity, the relatively high sulfur cracked residual oil is compatible for blending with the relatively low sulfur hydrodesulfurizer residual oil effluent.

Abstract: There are provided compounds of the formulae ##STR1## WHEREIN: X is a halogen atom, such as chlorine and bromine;Y is selected from the group consisting of halogen, such as chlorine and bromine, an alkyl radical and hydrogen, at least one of said Y substituents being halogen;R is selected from the group consisting of chlorine, bromine, fluorine and trifluoromethyl;Ar is an aromatic nucleus containing a hydrogen substituent on a ring position adjacent to the point of polyhalocyclopentadiene or polyhalocyclopentenone attachments, aromatic being defined herein as a derivative of benzene or a carbon compound which contains one or more carbon rings; andN is from 2 to 4, z is from 1 to 2 inclusive, q is a number from 0 to 1, said q being 0 when z is 2.The compounds of this invention are pesticidal, being especially effective as nematocides.

Abstract: A process for recovering and upgrading hydrocarbons from tar sands by contacting the tar sands with a dense-water-containing fluid at a temperature in the range of from about 600.degree. F. to about 900.degree. F. in the absence of an externally supplied catalyst and hydrogen, and wherein the density of the water in said fluid is at least 0.10 gram per milliliter.

Abstract: Oil-soluble products, suitable as dispersant additives for lubricants, are obtained by reacting (a) a high molecular weight olefin polymer, having an average molecular weight of at least about 600, with acrylonitrile, a halogen, e.g., chlorine, in the presence of a catalyst, e.g., iodine, (b) reacting the product of (a) with a primary aliphatic amine, (c) reacting the resultant product of (b) with maleic anhydride, and (d) reacting the product resulting from (c) with an aliphatic amine or polyamine containing at least one primary amino group per anhydride function on the product (c).

Abstract: Cycloalkenic compounds containing a side-chain which possesses a halogenated acetylenic linkage may be prepared by dehydrochlorinating a cycloalkenic compound containing a chloro-substituted unsaturated substituent.

Abstract: A process for producing hydrocarbon liquids in preference to gases from oil shale. The shale is introduced at the top of a reaction chamber which includes an upper oil shale preheat zone having a temperature not more than about 950.degree. F., a hydroretort reaction zone at a temperature of about 850.degree. to about 1250.degree. F. and a lower hydrogen preheat zone to recover heat from spent shale. Solids from the shale are passed downwardly through the chamber so that the shale, and particularly the oil therein, is gradually heated to the reaction temperature over a relatively extended period of at least ten minutes so as to inhibit the formation of a carbon residue. A hydrogen-rich gas, containing hydrogen in excess of stoichiometric amounts needed for the hydroretorting of the oil in the shale, is passed upwardly in the reaction chamber and countercurrent to the shale solids passing downwardly therethrough.

Abstract: A process for hydrotreating (hydroprocessing) hydrocarbons and mixtures of hydrocarbons utilizing a catalytic composite comprising a combination of a nickel component and a tungsten component with a silica-alumina carrier material wherein said carrier material is co-gelled silica-alumina consisting of from about 43 percent to about 57 percent by weight of alumina and from about 57 percent to 43 percent by weight silica and wherein said components are present in amounts sufficient to result in the composite containing, on an elemental basis, about 2 to about 10 percent by weight of the nickel component and about 8 to about 20 percent by weight of the tungsten component, in which process there is effected a chemical consumption of hydrogen. Key features of the subject composite are the criticality of the alumina content of the carrier material and the facility of using a co-gelled silica-alumina carrier material. The principal utility of the subject composite is in the hydrocracking of hydrocarbons.

Abstract: Tetrachloroethylene is obtained by the vapor phase reaction of carbon tetrachloride in the presence of elemental hydrogen and a barium chloride catalyst at a temperature of at least 500.degree. C.

Abstract: Methylchloroform containing ferric chloride and quaternary ammonium halide is distilled without significant decomposition.

Abstract: The production of 3-monochloro and 3,6-dichloro derivatives of 2,4,5-trialkylbenzophenones by reaction of 2,4,5-trialkylbenzophenones with chlorine, and the new 3-monochloro-2,4,5-trialkylbenzophenones and 3,6-dichloro-2,4,5-trialkylbenzophenones themselves. The products are starting materials for the production of dyes and pesticides.

Abstract: A process is provided for purifying vinylidene chloride by removing dichloroacetylene. The vinylidene chloride to be purified is treated with a solution containing at least one compound selected from the group consisting of metal sulfites and metal hyposulfites to form a reaction mixture, and thereafter the purified vinylidene chloride is separated from the reaction mixture.

Abstract: A catalytic process for the oxidation of compounds of the formula ##STR1## where Z to Z.sup.6 are hydrogen or substituents, in which iron tetraazaannulenes are used as catalysts. The process gives good yields when using oxygen for oxidation.

Abstract: Dehydrogenatable hydrocarbons are dehydrogenated by contacting them, under dehydrogenation conditions, with a dehydrogenation catalyst comprising a combination of a catalytically effective amount of an alkali or alkaline earth component with a catalytic composite consisting essentially of a tin component in combination with a platinum component on a carrier material, wherein the catalytic composite is prepared by the method which comprises: (a) impregnating a high surface area porous carrier material with a solution of a complex chlorostannate (II) chloroplatinate anionic species, the solution being stabilized in contact with the carrier material with an aqueous halogen acid; and thereafter, (b) drying and calcining the impregnated carrier material. For the dehydrogenation of normal paraffin hydrocarbons, this dehydrogenation catalyst preferably contains, on an elemental basis, about 0.01 to about 2 wt. % platinum, about 0.01 to about 5 wt. % tin, and about 0.01 to about 5 wt.

Abstract: Polychloroalkenyl aromatic compounds as exemplified by (1,3-dichloroallyl)benzene are prepared by the condensation of chloroalkyl aromatic compounds such as benzyl chloride with polychloroalkene compounds characterized by the presence of at least one chlorine atom on each of the doubly-bonded carbon atoms in the presence of a free radical-generating compound and a hydrogen chloride compound to produce the desired product.

Abstract: Manufacture of 1-alkyl-3-(monohalogeno)-phenylindans and dihalogeno-1-methyl-3-phenylindans by reaction of halogenostyrene and styrene in the presence of phosphoric acid of a certain concentration, or by reaction of halogenostyrenes in the presence of phosphoric acid of a certain concentration and of organic compounds irradiated with light of 2,000 to 8,000 A and capable of absorbing the said light, and the new dihalogeno-1-methyl-3-phenylindans and 1-methyl-3-(monohalogeno)-phenylindans. The products are starting materials for the manufacture of dyes and pesticides.

Abstract: A reforming catalyst comprising minor amounts of platinum and cadmium and chloride on an alumina support. Preferably the cadmium is in the amount of about 0.2% wt. and the platinum is in the amount of about 0.4% wt. and the chloride is in the amount of about 0.1% wt. to 2.0% wt. of the catalyst.

Abstract: Compounds of the formulas ##EQU1## and mixtures thereof are prepared by codimerization of R.sub.f -CF=CF.sub.2 and R-CH=CH.sub.2. The cleavage product of the cyclobutane derivative is copolymerized.

Abstract: A process for the purification of contaminated 1,1,1-trifluoro-2-chloro-2-bromoethane by reaction of the compound with organic amines, yielding 1,1,1-trifluoro-2-chloro-2-bromoethane of sufficient purity for use as an anaesthetic.

Abstract: In the manufacture of ethylene dichloride by the oxychlorination of ethylene, chloral is a highly corrosive by-product which must be removed prior to condensing the product gases in order to avoid damage to the condenser. The effluent from the oxychlorination reactor is quenched by a counter-current flow of an aqueous solution of alkali or alkaline earth metal hydroxides, carbonates, bicarbonates or borates maintained at a pH of about 8-9. This enables the chloral to react without an appreciable loss of carbon dioxide from the non-condensible product gases which are employed as recycle diluent in the process.

Abstract: Chloromethyl ether impurities are removed from alkylbenzyl chlorides containing the same by treatment with an aqueous base.