Abstract: In the scanning molecule counting method of measuring light intensity from a light detection region while moving the position of the light detection region of a confocal or multiphoton microscope in a sample solution containing light-emitting particles, generating time series light intensity data and detecting each of signals of the light-emitting particles individually in the data, wherein the light-emitting particles are formed by binding to a particle to be observed a light-emitting probe which emits light through binding to the particle to be observed and in which a stochastic transition between a non-light-emitting state and a light-emitting state occurs in the unbound state, the moving speed of the position of the light detection region is adjusted to make the time during which the unbound probe is encompassed by the moving light detection region longer than an average lifetime during which the probe is in the light-emitting state.

Abstract: A through-the-lens, co-aligned aiming system for a phase-type, laser-based distance measuring device incorporating a co-aligned aiming system with an in-scope, view through LCD display.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes a system and method for a binocular LiDAR system. The system includes a light source, a beam steering apparatus, a receiving lens, a light detector. The light source is configured to transmit a pulse of light. The beam steering apparatus is configured to steer the pulse of light in at least one of vertical and horizontal directions along an optical path. The lens is configured to direct the collected scattered light to the light detector. The electrical processing and computing device is electrically coupled to light source and the light detector. The light detector is configured to minimize the background noise. The distance to the object is based on a time difference between transmitting the light pulse and detecting scattered light.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for measuring an angular resolution of a multi-beam lidar. The method includes: acquiring, when a checkerboard calibration plate is scanned by a multi-beam lidar, an image of the checkerboard calibration plate photographed by a camera; identifying a checkerboard in the image, and determining a physical length characterized by a unit pixel of the image based on shape and length information of each checker in the checkerboard calibration plate; determining a center light spot and a light spot pair in the image; determining an angle between a laser beam corresponding to each light spot of the light spot pair and a laser beam corresponding to the center light spot based on the physical length characterized by the unit pixel, the center light spot and the light spot pair; and determining the angular resolution of the multi-beam lidar based on the determined angle.

Abstract: A method for processing sonic data acquired with a downhole sonic tool is provided. The method comprises detecting coherent noise based on a plurality of waveforms obtained from one or more receivers issued by one or more transmitters. The plurality of waveforms correspond to propagating acoustic waves in a formation. In addition, the method comprises building a slowness filter for removing the coherent noise, and applying the slowness filter to the plurality of waveforms.

Abstract: A distance measuring system and a controlling method of the system can reduce power consumption of a distance measuring apparatus acquiring an image including distance information. For example, the distance measuring system includes a distance measuring apparatus acquiring distance information concerning an image capturing target, a calculating unit estimating an estrangement period in which the image capturing target cannot be recognized in an image, based on the distance information, and a controlling unit setting the distance measuring apparatus to a power saving mode of controlling an acquiring frequency of the image according to the estrangement period when the estrangement period is a first threshold value or more, and setting the distance measuring apparatus to a normal mode of controlling the acquiring frequency of the image independently from the estrangement period when the estrangement period is less than the first threshold value.

Abstract: A time-of-flight (ToF) camera is configured to illuminate a subject with IR light. For each sensor of a sensor array, camera space coordinates of a locus of the subject are determined based on the measured IR light. The camera space coordinates include a phase difference between emitted IR light and reflected IR light. A plurality of candidate positions of the locus of the subject are determined in world space based on the camera space coordinates. Each candidate position corresponds to a different phase wrapping of the phase difference. A phase wrapping is determined based on performing a searching algorithm on the different candidate positions. A depth value for the sensor is calculated based on the phase difference and the phase wrapping determined from performing the searching algorithm. A matrix of pixels is outputted from the camera. Each pixel of the matrix includes a depth value.

Abstract: A passive altimeter system comprising an angle between a point and a central boresight that is determined from distortion parameters of a lens in an infrared sensor in a countermeasure system on a mobile platform wherein the infrared sensor captures a first image for determining a distance between the platform and one of (i) a ground surface and (ii) a target, and the passive altimeter system further comprising a dimensional distance between two points in the first image that is determined from a secondary source external to the countermeasure system, and a processor to triangulate the distance between the platform and one of (i) the ground surface and (ii) the target based on the dimensional distance and the angle.

Abstract: This disclosure is directed to processes and systems that generate enhanced-resolution seismic images by interpolating sparsely recorded seismic data. Structured dictionary learning is employed to train a set of basis vectors, called “atoms,” and corresponding sparse coefficients on patches of the recorded seismic data. The atoms are constrained to represent the geometric structure of reflection events in the recorded seismic data gather. Linear combinations of the atoms are used to compute interpolated patches over a finer receiver-coordinate grid. The interpolated patches replace the original patches in the recorded seismic data to obtain interpolated seismic data that can be used to generate an image of the subterranean formation.

Abstract: A beam scanning apparatus capable of adjusting a refraction angle of transmitted light and scanning a beam to a desired location is provided. In addition, an optical apparatus capable of sensing light reflected from an external object and extracting information about the external object is provided. The beam scanning apparatus includes a rotary meta lens having a plurality of meta areas in which a plurality of fine phase shift elements are arranged, and a rotation drive device that rotates the rotary meta lens. The plurality of meta areas are configured to direct transmitted light to different locations in a scanning area.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a technique for marine seismic imaging that processes data acquired from two or more different seismic surveys in a combined manner to advantageous effect. The different seismic surveys may use seabed sensors at same positions on the seabed, but they may have different shot locations and may be performed at different times. In one use case, the technique may be used to image a subsurface location that is difficult to image using either survey alone. In another use case, the technique may be used to image a subsurface location under an obstruction. The technique may also be utilized to efficiently monitor a reservoir over time.

Abstract: Disclosed are devices and methods for scanning sensing systems having an array of light sensing pixels, such as pixels that use single-photon avalanche diodes. Light pulses are emitted into a field of view (FOV) at starts of a sequence of time intervals, and a weighted tabulation of the times-of-flight of the reflected light pulses within each time interval is used to detect an object in the FOV and determine its distance. Each weight is based on the time-of-flight between the emitted pulse and the received reflected light pulse and on the number of the emitted light pulse in the sequence of emitted light pulses. For near objects the weights emphasize times-of-flight from peripheral time intervals of the sequence; for far objects the weights emphasize central time intervals of the sequence.

Abstract: A simulation apparatus for a lidar light measurement system having a lidar light reception sensor (1), wherein a light transmitter (12) is present in the plane of the lidar light reception sensor (2).

Abstract: A monostatic optical system adaptable for use as a circulator in a LiDAR system wherein the monostatic optical system includes a photonic integrated circuit and a first light detector. The photonic integrated circuit includes a nonlinear optical device. For example, the device may be a ring resonator or a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Transmitted light pulses are of sufficient power to alter the optical characteristics of the nonlinear optical device, whereas received reflected light is of low power thereby traveling on a different path to the first light detector. A feedback monitor and tuner may be included to tune the optical characteristics of the nonlinear optical device.

Abstract: A system includes a plurality of photodiode sensors spaced from one another and mounted to a reflective surface, a transparent layer spaced from and substantially parallel to the reflective surface, and a plurality of photodiode transmitters at least one of mounted to the reflective surface and disposed between the reflective surface and the transparent layer.

Abstract: In a time-of-flight distance measurement device, a light receiving device is driven by a sequence having a matrix of a phase number n, a value sampled on the basis of the n rank matrix with respect to the phase number n is linearly calculated, and a waveform equivalent to the waveform sampled in a 1/n step is detected. A linear operation is performed on a sampled value based on the matrix with the rank n with respect to the phase number n, thereby being capable of restoring the waveform equivalent to the waveform sampled in the 1/n steps, and determining whether the shape of the light emission waveform is normal, or not. As a result, the shape of the light emission waveform can be monitored without interrupting a distance measurement.

Abstract: An optical phased array (OPA) includes, in part, a multitude of phase control elements disposed along N rows and M columns forming an N×M array. The phase control elements disposed along ith row are coupled to ith row signal line and phase control elements disposed along jth column are coupled to jth column signal line. The OPA further includes, in part, a row select block having N switches each configured to couple one of the N rows of the phase control elements to a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) in response to a row select signal. The OPA further includes, in part, a column select block having M switches each configured to couple one of the M rows of the phase control elements to a ground terminal in response to a column select signal.

Abstract: A seismic system that includes a seismic source configured to generate a first seismic signal and a second seismic signal in a formation adjacent the seismic source. A first downhole sensing device disposed in a first borehole configured to detect the first seismic signal and the second seismic signal in the formation; and a first surface acquisition system is in communication with the first downhole sensing device. The first surface acquisition system is configured to: determine a first reference transit time based at least in part on detection of the first seismic signal by the first downhole sensing device; a first subsequent transit time based at least in part on detection of the second seismic signal by the first downhole sensing device; and whether a synchronization variation is expected to be present based at least in part on the first reference transit time and the first subsequent transit time.

Abstract: The present invention provides a laser radar system, including: a transmission module, disposed in a transmission optical path, and adapted to transmit a laser beam; a rotating shaft; and a receiving module, disposed in a receiving optical path, and adapted to receive an echo signal of the laser beam, the receiving module including a receiving lens group and a detection assembly. The transmission module and the receiving module are respectively disposed on a first side and a second side of the rotating shaft and are adapted to rotate around the rotating shaft. The receiving optical path includes a first receiving optical path and a second receiving optical path. In the first receiving optical path, the echo signal of the laser beam is transmitted from the first side of the rotating shaft to the second side of the rotating shaft and is received by the receiving lens group.

Abstract: A vision laser receiver having a sensing surface with a fixed geometry such that laser light received by the sensing surface will illuminate a particular section of the sensing surface and the precise elevation and/or tilt of the laser receiver will be determined from the illumination of the sensing surface.