Abstract: An apparatus for the exposure of additional information into the film plane of a camera, is located in a data back. The data back has a two-column liquid crystal display. Control of the data back takes place directly through the printer output of a computer. The data to be exposed can be entered for this purpose by means of the computer keyboard. The computer is simultaneously connected via the printer output to the code transducer and to the path measuring system of the zoom system of the photomicroscope. The overall magnification is calculated from the data which is read in, by means of a computer program, and is exposed in the photograph by means of the data back.

Abstract: A processing apparatus having a laser light source for oscillating a pulse in response to a predetermined trigger signal and irradiating the beam emitted from the laser light source to an object to process the object comprises a position detection unit for detecting a position of a dimmer removably mounted in a light path of the emitted beam, and trigger control means for generating a trigger pulse train for causing the pulse oscillation type laser light source to emit light and sending out the light emission trigger pulse train to the laser light source when the position of the dimmer is within a predetermined allowable range around a predetermined target set position.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is provided which compensates for environmental factors which cause misdirection of ink drops ejected from an ink jet printhead. Ink drops are electrostatically accelerated in a direction perpendicular to a print substrate, decreasing the ink drop flight time from the printhead to print substrate. The decrease in flight time decreases the misdirecting effect of the environmental factors on the ink drops since the environmental factors act on the ink drops for a shorter amount of time. Accelerating the ink drops also increases the spot size created when the drop impacts the print substrate, decreasing the amount of ink needed to create an image on the print substrate. The decrease in ink use results in less cockle and curl in the print substrate. The device also provides electrostatic deflection of the ink drops in directions parallel to the print substrate, increasing the resolution of the printhead.

Abstract: An illuminating device comprises a light source and a light guide member which allows light supplied by the light source to enter the light guide member and guides the light to a predetermined light exit position while totally reflecting the light in the light guide member, the light guide member having, in a vicinity of a light entrance surface of the light guide member, a nonuniform refractive index distribution for making a light distribution characteristic different between a light entrance side and a light exit side. A photographing apparatus comprises a photographing optical system for photographing an image of an object and an illuminating system for illuminating the object.

Abstract: A permeable screen possesses superior brightness, high contrast, wide view angle, excellent contrast to external light, superior clearness, and less reflection of external light image. The permeable screen includes a front dispersing panel and a lenticular lens sheet disposed at the incident side of the front dispersing panel and forming plural lens surfaces. The permeable screen also includes a Fresnel lens sheet disposed at the incident side of the lenticular lens sheet and forming plural lens surfaces. The front dispersing panel functions as a screen and also provides mechanical strength. The front dispersing panel also possesses parts for mounting and fixing the lenticular lens sheet and Fresnel lens sheet.

Abstract: A reference chuck which is used with a leveling device for holding microelectronic substrates and other electronic component substrates for laser ablation and other exposure processes, the chuck comprising a frame body for supporting the substrate to be processed, clamping means at the periphery of the frame body for holding the substrate to the frame body and elastomeric means for urging the substrate mounted in the reference chuck against the clamping means. The undersides of the clamping means which contacts the upper surface of the substrate forms in its tightened position a clamping plane which clamping plane is parallel with an established plane of the lower surface of the chuck. The reference chuck provides a very low profile envelope for use with conventional leveling devices and the top surface of the substrate and the lower surface of the reference chuck are in parallel planes when the chuck is placed on the working surface of the leveling device.

Abstract: A rear projection screen is described, which comprises an optically transparent plate, a first surface of which is provided with a structure of juxtaposed cylindrical lenses which extend in a first direction and a second, opposite surface intended to be directed towards an audience space is provided with strips of a light-absorbing material. These strips also extend in the first direction. On the second surface the plate comprises diffusing means which are formed by a single element by means of a hologram, which element diffuses the light simultaneously in the first direction at a first angle and in a second direction, perpendicular to the first direction, at a second angle, the first and the second angle being different from each other.

Abstract: A cantilever for a scanning probe microscope (SPM) includes a piezoelectric element in a thicker, less flexible section near the fixed base of the cantilever and a piezoresistor in a thinner, more flexible section near the free end of the cantilever. When the SPM operates in the constant force mode, the piezoelectric element is used to control the tip-sample separation. Since the resonant frequency of the piezoelectric element is substantially higher than that of conventional piezoelectric tube scanners, much higher scan rates can be achieved. When the SPM operates in the dynamic or intermittent contact mode, a superimposed AD-DC signal is applied to the piezoelectric element, and the latter is used to vibrate the cantilever as well as to control the tip-sample spacing. In another embodiment the cantilever is supported on a knife edge and vibrates at a third or higher order resonant frequency.

Abstract: In a method and apparatus for producing an ink jet printer head composed of a number of stacked modules, a piezoactuator plate is formed by metallizing opposite major faces of a plate of piezoelectric material, while leaving an unmetallized stripe on one of said major faces, thereby separating the metallization on that major face into two regions. A side face of the piezoelectric plate is also metallized, the side face extending substantially parallel to the unmetallized stripe, thereby electrically connecting one of the metallized regions on one major face to the metallized layer on the opposite major face. The metallized piezoelectric plate is then structured so as to produce a number of side-by-side piezoactuators therein, each piezoactuator having first and second electrodes formed by the respective metallization on the opposite sides of the plate. Respective electrical leads for the two electrodes of each piezoactuator can be electrically contacted to the same side of the plate, i.e.

Abstract: An ink-jet printing apparatus which is capable of maintaining a predetermined clearance between a printing surface of a printing object and an ink-jet head, includes a printing object mounting portion, on which the printing object is mounted, an ink-jet unit provided so as to be capable of relative movement in an opposing direction with respect to the printing object mounting portion, and mounting an ink-jet head which can oppose the printing surface of the printing object, shifting means for shifting the ink-jet unit mounting portion relative to the printing object mounting portion in the opposing direction, and a clearance adjusting sensor provided at the side of the ink-jet unit mounting portion so as to be capable of contacting the printing surface of the printing object.

Abstract: The present invention provides a lenticular sheet in which cylindrical lens parts including a radiation curable resin are formed on one side of a transparent support, and at least a light-diffusing layer and light-blocking stripes are formed on the flat surface located on the opposite side of said sheet. Cylindrical lens parts with a fine pitch of 0.3 mm or less can be obtained; furthermore, finely pitched light-blocking stripes can be accurately formed in the desired positions.A projection screen constructed by combining the aforementioned lenticular sheet with a Fresnel lens sheet is ideally suited for viewing a liquid crystal projection TV with a high image definition.

Abstract: A rear projection type display system with a transmissive screen. A transparent reinforcing plate is coupled to a lenticular sheet of the screen on the light output side by a connective member to broaden the horizontal diverging angle by 60 degrees or more to the right and left sides. The duty factor of a black stripe formed on the lenticular sheet is set to 60% or more so improve the contrast of an image. The diverging angle at each point of a vertically-diffusing lens for diverging light in the vertical direction is modulated in accordance with the height of each point to offer a proper visual angle range in the vertical direction.

Abstract: A toner projection printer is provided with a developer surface which manifests a developer bias, and includes a cloud of entrained toner particles. A platen structure is positioned opposed to the developer surface and manifests a platen voltage that is attractive to the toner particles. An address plate is positioned between the developer surface and the platen structure. The address plate includes a determined thickness insulator with through pixel apertures. Each pixel aperture has at least first and second conductors that are electrically insulated from each other by the insulator, and a screen electrode for distorting the electric field between the address plate and the platen structure in a manner to reduce toner spreading. A first drive circuit is coupled to the first conductor for controllably applying a row drive voltage which is either a reference potential that exerts a repulsive force on the toner particles or a high voltage which is attractive to the toner particles.

Abstract: An image printer includes a projection exposure unit for projecting and exposing a film image on to a photosensitive material, an image exposure unit for exposing the photosensitive material based on exposure image information with setting an exposure amount for each of a plurality of areas, an image reader for reading information of the film image with the information being divided into a number of areas, and a correction-information instructing unit for instructing correction information for correcting the image information read by the image reader. The image exposure unit generates the exposure image information based on the image information read by the image reader means and on the correction information instructed by the correction-information instructing unit.

Abstract: A vibration preventing camera includes a vibration amount detecting unit for detecting the amount of vibration, a vibration correcting unit for correcting vibration, a light measuring unit for measuring the light value at a subject, and a control unit for controlling the vibration correcting unit in consonance with a detection signal that is obtained by the light measuring unit and the vibration detecting unit, and for activating the vibration detecting unit after the length of exposure is determined by the light value at the subject that is obtained by the light measuring unit. More preferably, a vibration preventing camera further includes a self-timer unit, and when the self-timer unit is set for an exposure, the vibration detecting unit is activated after the timing count down for the self-timer unit begins.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for increasing perceived reflectance of the blue component in a video image to achieve a balanced, full-color image when viewed on a video projection screen. The apparatus includes a video projection screen having a plurality of blue reflective elements, interspersed in an even distribution throughout a plurality of standard white reflective elements, for modifying a reflective index of the video projection screen to decrease the gain of the red and green components of a standard video transmission, resulting in an increase in perceived reflectance of the blue component of a video image when projected on the video projection screen. The method comprises the steps of adding blue pigment to a standard white projection screen; decreasing, responsive to the blue pigment, a red-green gain; and viewing a balanced, full-color image having a perceived increase in the reflective intensity of the blue component.

Abstract: An image printer includes a negative-film projection exposure unit capable of projecting and exposing image information of a negative film on to a photosensitive material adapted for negative films and a positive-film exposure unit capable of exposing image information of a positive film on to the photosensitive material adapted for negative films.

Abstract: A boom camera crane for film-and television-program shooting has a support; a boom turnable in vertical and horizontal planes, and a carriage for supporting a camera and reciprocatingly movable on the boom along the boom.

Abstract: An inkjet array for a printer includes a number of elements. Each element has an ink chamber and an ink provider, and a piezo-actuator rigidly secured to one side of the ink chamber. The ink chamber is brought into motion in response to an image signal whereby an ink droplet is ejected from a nozzle of the ink chamber. Each of the ink chambers of the array can be brought into motion separately.

Abstract: A projection screen for a rear projection television set includes a Fresnel lens for focusing incident image light so as to center on an optical axis of the projection screen, and an optical diffusion member including a lenticular lens portion for diffusing the image light received from the Fresnel lens, wherein the external surface of the optical diffusion member is made of glass. The projection screen provides a wider angle of view compared with the Fresnel lens made of acryl and is resistant to scratching or breakage.