Abstract: A graphene structure includes one or more graphene layers. The graphene layers allow for microwave squeezing with gains up to 24 dB over a wide bandwidth.

Abstract: Optical analytical devices and their methods of use are provided. The devices are useful in the analysis of highly multiplexed optical reactions in large numbers at high densities, including biochemical reactions, such as nucleic acid sequencing reactions. The devices include optical waveguides for illumination of the optical reactions. The devices further provide for the efficient coupling of optical excitation energy from the waveguides to the optical reactions. Optical signals emitted from the reactions can thus be measured with high sensitivity and discrimination using features such as spectra, amplitude, and time resolution, or combinations thereof. The devices of the invention are well suited for miniaturization and high throughput.

Abstract: A cable-jetting installation sleeve can be used to advance a fiber-optic cable through a conduit. The cable-jetting installation sleeve can include a housing and an expandable section. The expandable section can include an opening which can be expanded to receive or remove an end of the cable and contracted to engage the cable with the expandable section. A parachute can be positioned on one end of the cable-jetting installation sleeve. The parachute can be pushed by compressed air in the conduit to advance the cable-jetting installation sleeve through the conduit.

Abstract: An optical fiber sensing system according to the present disclosure includes: a cable (20) including optical fibers; a reception unit (31) configured to receive, from at least one optical fiber included in the cable (20), an optical signal on which a vibration detected in each of a plurality of locations on the cable (20) is superimposed; and an action specifying unit (32) configured to specify, based on the optical signal, a location on the cable (20) in which the vibration has been detected and specify an action of a target to be monitored which has caused the vibration, in which the action specifying unit (32) specifies a detection pattern that is used to specify the action of the target to be monitored depending on the environment of the location on the cable (20) in which the vibration has been detected.

Abstract: A waveguide is provided. The waveguide includes a substrate having two outer surfaces for propagating a beam of light in the substrate by reflecting the beam from the two outer surfaces. The waveguide includes at least one polarization volume hologram (PVH) grating to couple light in and/or out of the waveguide. The PVH grating may be a multi-layer PVH grating with graded birefringence.

Abstract: A multicore fiber includes: a cladding; and three or more and five or less cores disposed at rotationally asymmetric positions on a circumference centered at a center of the cladding. No core is disposed at the center of the cladding. Angles formed by adjacent ones of lines connecting the center of the cladding and respective ones of the cores are all larger than 60°.

Abstract: A electronic method, includes receiving, by a graphene structure, a microwave signal. The microwave signal has a driving voltage level. The electronic method includes generating, by the graphene structure, optical photons based on the microvolts. The electronic method includes outputting, by the graphene structure, the optical photons.

Abstract: An optical amplifier of the present disclosure includes a Raman amplification unit and a parametric amplification unit that is configured of a second-order nonlinear element including a PPLN waveguide. In the optical amplifier, second harmonic lights are generated from a fundamental wave light having a wavelength that is slightly detuned to a shorter wavelength side with respect to a phase matching wavelength of the second-order nonlinear element, and is utilized as excitation light for the parametric amplification unit. By utilizing the excitation light based on the fundamental wave light of the wavelength detuned from the phase matching wavelength, a phase matching curve can be obtained in a wide band in a difference frequency generation (DFG) process of the second-order nonlinear element. The reduction in conversion efficiency of the wavelength near the excitation light in the parametric amplification unit is compensated by the Raman amplification unit.

Abstract: Provided herein are systems, devices, and methods for improved optical waveguide transmission and alignment in an analytical system. Waveguides in optical analytical systems can exhibit variable and increasing back reflection of single-wavelength illumination over time, thus limiting their effectiveness and reliability. The systems are also subject to optical interference under conditions that have been used to overcome the back reflection. Novel systems and approaches using broadband illumination light with multiple longitudinal modes have been developed to improve optical transmission and analysis in these systems. Novel systems and approaches for the alignment of a target waveguide device and an optical source are also disclosed.

Abstract: An optical connector includes first and second ferrules, first and second front housings each accommodating a corresponding ferrule of the first and second ferrules inside, an inner housing connected to rear ends of the first and second front housings, an outer housing including a first latch and accommodating the inner housing inside, and a tab disposed in a second direction intersecting a first direction with respect to the outer housing. The inner housing includes second latches disposed on first and second side portions respectively. The first and second side portions arranged in a third direction intersecting both the first direction and the second direction. The second latches include respective engaging portions that are engageable with the outer housing. Each of the engaging portions is pushed toward the inside of the inner housing to release a state of engagement between the inner housing and the outer housing.

Abstract: The present technology provides an optical connector of a collimated coupling system that is less affected by an external impact. Provided is an optical connector including a first optical path converting unit having one or more reflection planes, the first optical path converting unit configured to emit light in an opposite direction to light propagation. The first optical path converting unit may be configured to emit light toward a second optical path converting unit that is present when the optical connector is connected with another optical connector. The first optical path converting unit and the second optical path converting unit may be configured to form a Z-shaped optical path.

Abstract: A screen includes a transparent base body with a front face and a rear face, and an image sensor. The base body includes a coupling-in region and a coupling-out region at a distance therefrom in a first direction. The coupling-in region includes a diffractive structure which deflects only part of the radiation incident on the front face and originating from an object to be detected, such that the deflected part is propagated as coupled-in radiation in the base body by reflection, until it reaches the coupling-out region and is incident on said coupling-out region, and the coupling-out region deflects at least part of said incident coupled-in radiation, such that the deflected part exits the base body via the front face or the rear face and is incident on the image sensor.

Abstract: Disclosed are apparatuses for optical coupling and a system for communication. In one embodiment, an apparatus for optical coupling including a substrate and a grating coupler is disclosed. The grating coupler is disposed on the substrate and includes a plurality of coupling gratings arranged along a first direction, wherein effective refractive indices of the plurality of coupling gratings gradually decrease along the first direction.

Abstract: A process for delaying a useful optical signal (P1) having a wavelength value ? between 0.2 ?m and 3 ?m, with respect to a reference optical signal (P2) having the same wavelength value ?. The process includes having the useful optical signal propagate along a tapered fiber portion. A length of the tapered fiber portion can be varied using stretching means that are light, less cumbersome and less expensive compared to those necessary for a standard optical fiber. In addition, the delay value which is effective for the useful optical signal can be varied over a wide range. Such process can be useful for interferometry measurements in particular.

Abstract: An optical functional device includes: first and second optical couplers each including a multi-mode interferometer waveguide portion having a first end portion and a second end portion, two units of first input/output ports and two units of second input/output ports; and first and second arc-shaped waveguides each optically connecting one of the first and second input/output ports of the first and second optical coupler and one of the first and second input/output ports of the second optical coupler, respectively. Further, the first optical coupler, the second optical coupler, the first arc-shaped waveguide, and the second arc-shaped waveguide constitute a ring resonator, and each of the multi-mode waveguide portions of the first optical coupler and the second optical coupler have a narrow portion, an average width of the narrow portion in a longitudinal direction being narrower than widths at the first end portion and the second end portion.

Abstract: An all-fiber laser oscillator comprises a laser cavity, an amplification fiber, a plurality of diode lasers, and at least one side-pump signal-and-pump combiner (combiner). The combiner comprises a double-clad fiber (DCF) and four or more multimode fibers (MMFs). DCF comprises a first taper portion, whereas each of MMFs comprises a second taper portion fused around DCF. MMFs are configured to carry a portion of combined optical energy (COE) and to couple to DCF. The first taper portion can partially compensate a beam divergence created by the second taper portion, thereby increasing a coupling efficiency of COE coupled from MMFs to DCF with improved thermal performance. In a coupling portion, a refractive index difference between MMFs and DCF is configured to form a backward coupling barrier to suppress an optical energy in DCF from coupling into MMFs, thereby protecting the plurality of diode lasers from damage.

Abstract: A electronic method, includes receiving, by a graphene structure, a microwave signal. The microwave signal has a driving voltage level. The electronic method includes generating, by the graphene structure, optical photons based on the microvolts. The electronic method includes outputting, by the graphene structure, the optical photons.

Abstract: A telecommunications module defines an interior with separate right and left chambers. An optical component is housed within the left chamber. Signal input and output locations are exposed to the right chamber. The right chamber allows excess fiber to accumulate without bending in a radius smaller than a minimum bend radius. A dual-layered cable management structure is positioned within the right chamber that defines a lower cable-wrapping level and a separate upper cable-wrapping level. The upper cable-wrapping level is defined by a removable cable retainer mounted on a spool defining the lower-cable wrapping level. Cabling carrying the input and output signals are passed between the right and left chambers before and after being processed by the optical component.

Abstract: A thin transparent layer can be integrated in a head mounted display device and disposed in front of the eye of a wearer. The thin transparent layer may be configured to output light such that light is directed onto the eye to create reflections therefrom that can be used, for example, for glint based tracking. The thin transparent layer can be configured to reduced obstructions in the field of the view of the user.

Abstract: There is provided a method for fabricating a waveguide. The method comprising fabricating a first master grating tool comprising a first tool substrate having a surface with an area corresponding at least to the area of a surface of the waveguide and having a first grating profile formed over substantially all of the surface of the first tool substrate. Fabricating a second master grating tool comprising a second tool substrate having a surface with an area corresponding at least to the area of the surface of the waveguide and having a second grating profile formed over substantially all of the surface of the second tool substrate. Using the first master grating tool to replicate the first grating profile over substantially all of a surface of a first waveguide substrate. Using the second master grating tool to replicate the second grating profile over substantially all of a surface of a second waveguide substrate.