Abstract: It is an object of this invention to improve speech quality in voice communications. Provided is a jitter buffer controller for controlling a jitter buffer in which arrived packets are accumulated, including: a jitter measuring portion for measuring jitters in the arrived packets; a judging portion for judging whether or not the jitters of the packets can be absorbed with an accumulation capacity of the jitter buffer; a determining portion for determining levels of importance of the packets; and a control portion for performing reproduction processing or discarding processing on a packet, among the packets accumulated in the jitter buffer, having jitter that cannot be absorbed with the accumulation capacity of the buffer, depending on a level of importance of the packet.

Abstract: A method of time division multiplexing for a forward data packet channel includes encoding parallel data sub-packets into parallel streams of turbo codes; interleaving each of the parallel streams of turbo codes to generate parallel streams of quasi-complementary turbo codes; modulating the parallel streams of quasi-complementary turbo codes to generate parallel streams of modulated data symbols; and multiplexing the parallel streams of modulated data symbols by one of multiplexing and non-complete puncturing to generate a single stream of modulation symbols.

Abstract: Methods and systems for processing data communicated over a network. In one aspect, an exemplary embodiment includes processing a first group of network packets in a first processor which executes a first network protocol stack, where the first group of network packets are communicated through a first network interface port, and processing a second group of network packets in a second processor which executes a second network protocol stack, where the second group of network packets is communicated through the first network interface port. Other methods and systems are also described.

Abstract: Rather than attaching a preamble to a data traffic subpacket, a preamble channel is transmitted along with a traffic channel. In a system wherein the data traffic subpackets are variably sized, preambles can also be variably sized if a target station can decode variably sized preambles. A method and apparatus for decoding variably sized preamble subpackets are presented herein.

Abstract: A method of transferring a serial data stream to a data framer includes converting the serial data stream to parallel data streams. The parallel data streams are synchronized and formed into one or more groups of synchronized parallel data streams. The one or more groups of synchronized parallel data streams are then transferred to the data framer at a transfer rate determined by the forming of the one or more groups.

Abstract: A radio station and a data packet transmitting/receiving method for carrying out transmitting/receiving operations of data by radio. An identification packet generating section generates an identification packet having a data format in which a broadcast address is caused to be a destination address and a media access control address of a corresponding data station is caused to be a source address to send out a packet to a wireless network and to detect a loop to hold normal a communication state.

Abstract: A system to provide narrowcast communications uses adaptive data rate control to individual subscribers such that the effects of precipitation or other link conditions, which are not common to all subscribers, is mitigated. The invention takes advantage of the fact that the narrowcast data consist of packets which are individually addressed to specific subscribers, or groups of subscribers. The narrowcast data is communicated on a plurality of FDM carriers, each of potentially differing data rates. The subscribers are assigned a particular FDM carrier, based upon their link quality, to receive packets addressed to them. The lower data rate FDM carriers will be less affected by adverse link conditions and are hence assigned to subscribers most likely to incur adverse link conditions.

Abstract: A network spanning heterogeneous call center system and method of operation is disclosed. A particular illustrative system is for use with a circuit-switched private branch exchange and a packet-switched private branch exchange. This system includes a circuit-switched private branch exchange interface, a packet-switched private branch exchange interface, and a processor. The circuit-switched private branch exchange interface is to communicate with the circuit-switched private branch exchange, and the packet-switched private branch exchange interface is to communicate with the packet-switched private branch exchange. The processor is coupled to the circuit-switched private branch exchange interface and to the packet-switched private branch exchange interface.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments of the invention provide an equalization method for a downlink channel in a telecommunication system transmitting MC-CDMA symbols on a plurality of carrier frequencies, in which a plurality of links are established between a transmitter and a plurality of receivers in order to transmit a plurality of coded signals, each link using a distinct access code amongst N possible codes, the conjugate product of two possible codes being proportional to a possible code or to its conjugate, the method including, for at least one receiver, a step of calculating a matrix (B, B) characteristic of the plurality of links, the calculation step first of all calculating the elements of a row or a column in the characteristic matrix and deducing the other rows or the other columns by means of a permutation of the elements.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided through which a packet is transferred within a router through the use of a switch-label. The switch-label is generated upon receipt by a component of the router. The switch label indicates an address within the router of another component within the router that will transmit the packet to a destination outside the router. The switch-label uses an abbreviated address of components within the router. The address is abbreviated because the number of potential addresses within a router is significantly less than the number of addresses outside the router that require a fill address. As a result, transferring of the packet within the router is faster because processing the switch-label using an abbreviated address is faster than processing a full address.

Abstract: A system for determining a topology associated with a network such as an enterprise network. The system includes a data collection agent 204 configured to (a) identify a first set of routers from among a larger, second set of routers in an enterprise network, (b) contact each of the routers in the first set of routers but not each of the other routers in the second set of routers, and (c) load network information maintained by at least some of the contacted routers in the first set of routers. The loaded network information can then be used to form a network or routing topology of the enterprise network.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for lossless switchover in a redundant switch fabric improves the reliability and predictability of a cell reaching its destination without the cell being lost during switch-over through redundant switch fabrics. Ingress and egress buffers are disposed in input and output line cards to maintain the history of transmitted cells. When switch-over occurs, the cells transmission history is used to recover lost cells transparently and with minimal latency.

Abstract: A system for an adaptive network phone includes a SIP-enabled handset or other telephone device to be connected to a host computer, for instance via a USB connection. The host computer may initiate a call event when the user picks up the SIP device and wishes to make a call, in one regard by testing line conditions for a data connection to the Internet or other network to determine if a packet-based call will meet minimum noise, delay or other criteria of the user. If the conditions are satisfactory, the call may proceed as a packet network transmission, otherwise the call may revert to the public switched telephone network for fallback completion. The SIP-enabled handset may also interface to multimedia functions in the host computer, for instance to permit paging, answering machine, cordless operation or other features.

Abstract: In packet data transmission method, a packet data connection is indicated with a connection identifier and the destination of the packet data connection is indicated with a destination identifier. A destination identifier is involved in the initialization of a transmission queue, at least one connection identifier is related to each transmission queue, and a set of proper connection identifiers is the union of the connection identifiers related to the initialized transmission queues. A data packet having a proper connection identifier is placed (504, 505) to the corresponding transmission queue. The method is characterized in that the initialization of a new transmission queue is triggered (506, 508) by a data packet not having a proper connection identifier and having a destination identifier and after a successful initialization of a new transmission queue the data packet that triggered the initialization is placed (509) to the new transmission queue.

Abstract: A method of operating a wireless communications unit (UE) to request a connection with a base station (10) is disclosed. The wireless unit (UE) receives a signal from the base station (10) indicating at least one time slot within which a preamble may be transmitted by the wireless communications unit (UE). The wireless unit (UE) selects one of a plurality of orthogonal codes (hi) for the preamble and generates a spread code using the selected orthogonal code. The spread code (70) is arranged as a symbol (hi) of the selected code, repeated a selected number of repetitions. The wireless unit (UE) transmits the preamble signal corresponding to the spread code to the base station (10).

Abstract: A computer system and method for transmitting 10 Gigabit Ethernet (10GE) LAN signals over transport systems. Standard 10GE LAN signals are generated in any client IEEE 802.3 10GE LAN compliant interface. A transceiver receives the client 10GE LAN signal in the LAN format. The client 10GE LAN signals are not converted to a SONET transmission format at any time before reaching the transceiver. The transceiver then converts the client 10GE LAN signal to an internal electrical 10GE LAN signal before re-clocking the internal electrical LAN signal. The re-clocked internal electrical 10GE LAN signal is then re-modulated into a second 10GE LAN signal. The second 10GE LAN signal is then transmitted to a transport system.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for detecting dropped packets in a network that includes a packet switched network. The method includes establishing a telephonic connection between a first network location and a second network location. A set of N waveforms are transmitted from the first network location. Each transmitted waveform includes a waveform characteristic operative to assign a predetermined value relative to other waveforms in the at least one set, such that a predetermined sequence of values are assigned to packets carrying the N transmitted waveforms. A telephonic signal is received at the second network location via the communications channel. The telephonic signal is processed to obtain a received sequence of values. The received sequence of values is compared to the predetermined sequence of transmitted values to detect dropped packets without having access to packet switched network control data.

Abstract: Data is transmitted across an optical fiber communications system by splitting an incoming tributary into multiple low-speed data channels, modulating each of these into a stream of symbols (e.g., by using QAM modulation) and then frequency division multiplexing a number of symbol streams into a single high-speed channel to be transmitted across a fiber. The receiver reverses this process. In order to preserve the jitter tolerance for the overal system, reference clocks are used to remove unwanted jitter in the timing of the system.

Abstract: In an embodiment, different aspects of a packet header and data included in the packet are singled out for attention, rather that just the four byte IP destination address. Different information is included in nodes of the trie that enables matching and branching on different header fields. In an embodiment, the ACL of a configuration file in a router or switch is compiled into a trie data structure located in the memory of the router or switch. In an embodiment, a trie data structure is used to map a multicast packet header by a sequence of nodes that match on destination address or source address.

Abstract: In a distributed pipeline scheduling method for a system which includes a plurality of input ports for inputting data, a plurality of output ports for outputting data, a data switch element for switching the data input from the input ports and transferring the data to the output ports, and a scheduler having a distributed scheduling architecture for controlling the data switch element, and determines connection reservations between the input ports and the output ports, the scheduler independently assigns time slots to information transfer processing and reservation processing. Processing information transfer processing and reservation processing are performed in the assigned time slots in a pipeline fashion. A distributed pipeline scheduling system and distributed scheduler are also disclosed.