Abstract: A Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver includes a wideband signal correlator and a multipath mitigator. The wideband signal correlator generates wideband correlation signals of at least one of a plurality of GNSS signals with respect to corresponding locally generated code replica signals in which a bandwidth of the wideband signal correlation module is at least about 20 MHz. The multipath mitigator determines a Line of Sight (LOS) signal from the wideband correlation signals. The GNNS receiver may include a narrowband signal correlator to generate narrowband correlation signals of the at least one GNSS signal with respect to corresponding locally generated code replica signals in which a bandwidth of the narrowband signal correlation module is less than about 6 MHz. The multipath mitigator further corrects a range and range-rate measurement generated from the narrowband correlation signals based on a code phase and a carrier estimated based on the LOS signal.

Abstract: A digitally controlled phase shifter for an antenna is provided. The phase shifter includes a coupler extending between input and output ports and first and second digitally tunable capacitance circuitry coupled to opposite ends of the coupler. Each first and second digitally tunable capacitance circuitry includes a digitally tunable capacitance. The phase shifter also includes control circuitry that includes at least one processor and at least one memory including computer program code. The at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to, upon execution by the at least one processor, cause the control circuitry to vary the capacitance of the digitally tunable capacitance of at least one of the first and second digitally tunable capacitance circuitry in order to modify a phase shift provided by the phase shifter. A control circuitry and a method are also provided for controlling the phase shift provided by a phase shifter.

Abstract: Technology for determining a geographical location of a ground receiver is disclosed. A plurality of radio frequency (RF) signals from a plurality of RF signal carriers may be received at the ground receiver. The plurality of RF signal carriers may include satellites operated by a foreign entity or non-global positioning system (non-GPS) satellites. The ground receiver may measure a Doppler shift associated with each of the plurality of RF signals. The geographical location of the ground receiver may be determined in X, Y and Z coordinates based in part on the Doppler shift associated with each of the plurality of RF signals.

Abstract: An antenna apparatus includes a dielectric substrate, a base plate, an antenna unit, and a reflecting unit. A plurality of conductor patches are structured to resonate, at an operating frequency of the antenna unit, in a resonating direction which is different from a polarization direction Dan of a radio wave transmitted and received by the antenna unit.

Abstract: One aspect of the present invention relates to user equipment having an uplink carrier aggregation function, comprising: a radio communication control unit configured to control radio communication with a base station; a radio positioning unit configured to perform a radio positioning function based on a radio signal received from a positioning system; and a radio positioning state reporting unit configured to report, when uplink carrier aggregation is configured, activation or deactivation of the radio positioning function to the base station.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for dynamically adjusting the beamform of an antenna array. A first beamform produced by an emission from a first antenna and an emission from a second antenna are determined, each of the first antenna and the second antenna having separate power supplies. Positions of user devices served by the cell of the antenna array are determined and compared to the first beamform. If it is determined that a second beamform would provide better coverage to any one or more of the user devices served by the cell, any one or more of the power supplies to individual antennas may be modified. Any one or more power supplies may utilize changes in the phase and/or amplitude of the power supplied to an antenna to change the emission of at least one antenna, producing a second beamform. The second beamform, in particular, may permit dynamic targeting of various vertical distributions of user devices within the cell.

Abstract: A high gain non-mechanical steerable beamforming antenna is provided together with a system implementing the antenna. The steerable beamforming antenna uses a reflectarray structure in conjunction with a phased array antenna element configuration. The antenna elements may include micro particle arrays (MPAs), having a number of micro particles disposed thereon. The micro particles may be implemented as graphene elements or as plasmonic elements having a sufficiently high electron mobility and an electron carrier density that is controlled as a function of an applied electronic tuning signal. The change in electron carrier density of the MPA elements, in turn, causes a phase change in incident waves provided by a source feed, facilitating steering of a main beam of an antenna pattern associated with the reflected incident waves.

Abstract: A positioning method including following steps is provided. Firstly, several base stations are commanded to detect a tracked object. Then, a first position of the tracked object is obtained according to the first return information. Then, several fixed-type signal transceivers are selected according to the first position. Then, the selected fixed-type signal transceivers are commanded to detect the tracked object, and a second position of the tracked object is obtained according to the second return information received from the fixed-type signal transceivers.

Abstract: In various embodiments, methods, systems, and vehicles are provided for distance determinations using cameras from different vehicles. The system includes a first camera onboard a first vehicle, providing a first image, the first image having therein an object of interest (OOI) for which a distance from the first vehicle is desired; and a second camera, providing second camera data including a second image having therein the OOI. The system further includes a control module configured to process and time synchronize first camera data and second camera data to generate a distance determination for the OOI, using the first camera data, the second camera data, and a distance between the first and second camera.

Abstract: A GNSS receiver, and an associated method are presented for calculating a position from positioning signals transmitted by a plurality of GNSS transmitters. For example the receiver compsises a first and a second signal acquisition elements having different polarizations, the receiver being configured to process the signals received on the first signal acquisition element to calculate first pseudo range measurements, and the signals received on the second signal acquisition element to calculate second pseudo range measurements and associated quality indicators. The receiver further comprises a calculation circuit configured to select at least one of the second pseudo range measurements depending on the quality indicators, and compare it with the corresponding first pseudo range measurement, and select at least three first pseudo range measurements based on the comparison results to calculate a position.

Abstract: The invention discloses a beamforming method for polarized antenna array consisting of a plurality of antenna elements, applied to single layer beamforming or dual layer beamforming, which includes the steps: determining (201) first beamforming weights for phase compensation among the antenna elements within each polarization direction; determining (202) second beamforming weights for phase compensation between equivalent channels of two polarization directions; and calculating (203) hybrid beamforming weights as product of the first beamforming weights and the second beamforming weights. A beamforming apparatus for polarized antenna array is also provided in the invention as well as a radio communication device and a system thereof With the invention, the single-layer and dual-layer beamforming weights are determined for the cross-polarized antenna array without requiring full channel knowledge or the aid of PMI. Computation complexity is lowered and full power amplifier utilization can be achieved.

Abstract: A quadrature fully integrated tri-band GPS receiver implemented in 65 nm CMOS. The analog front-end (AFE) is specifically designed for a miniaturized low-power GPS logger that leverages heavy duty-cycling. The main contribution of the RF front-end is comprised of two main signal paths which support the single-band only mode and the tri-band mode (L1, L2, L5). In the tri-band mode, the AFE is able to fold three GPS signals into a single low intermediate frequency channel in part due to the orthogonality of the pseudo-ransom codes. In active mode, the radio draws 12.1 mW in the single-band (L1) mode with a LNA and an active mixer, and 8.2 mW in the tri-band mode with a passive front-end, from a 1.2 V supply, and with a startup time of 20 us.

Abstract: Systems, methods and apparatuses for multipath mitigation of received global navigation satellite system (GNSS) signals by using pattern recognition are described. One method includes summing correlations of received GNSS signals over time to generate a correlation window. The present system/method recognizes a pattern of a stored correlation window which matches the generated correlation window. The stored correlation window is one of a plurality of stored correlation windows, and each of the plurality of stored correlation window is stored with a corresponding range error. The stored range error corresponding to the matching stored correlation window is used to improve GNSS range measurement.

Abstract: System and method for fine-tuning electromagnetic beams. One embodiment includes an array of electromagnetic radiators and beam-narrowing configuration. The array of electromagnetic radiators together generates an electromagnetic beam toward a configurable direction. The beam-narrowing configuration narrows the electromagnetic beam and consequently fine-tune the configurable direction. Optionally, the array of electromagnetic radiators is a phased-array that achieves the configurable direction electronically. Additionally or alternatively, the array of electromagnetic radiators is a millimeter-wave array, and the electromagnetic beam is a millimeter-wave beam.

Abstract: Various embodiments presented herein relate to determining mutual coupling between a pair of antennas in an array antenna. Various operations presented herein enable comparison between a magnitude and phase of a signal transmitted from a first feed network (via a first antenna) and a magnitude and phase of a portion of the signal received at a second feed network (via a second antenna). Electrical effects engendered by any of the first feed network, a first switch, a first local circuit, the second feed network, a second switch, and a second local circuit can also be determined and their effects mathematically removed. Based upon the foregoing, a mutual coupling between the pair of antenna is determined.

Abstract: Asynchronous Global Positioning System (GPS) baseband processor architectures with a focus on minimizing power consumption. All subsystems run at their natural frequency without clocking and all signal processing is done on-the-fly.

Abstract: Implementations relate to systems and methods for location assistance using devices (104) in a personal area network (PAN). In one scenario, a user may use two separate location-enabled devices, such as a wearable personal device (102) and a cellular telephone device (104). In cases, one of those devices may have reached a higher or farther-developed state in terms of generating or storing location information (108) for the user's current position, as compared to the opposite device. This can take place, for instance, when the first (e.g. wearable) device (102) is first turned on. The two devices use platforms and techniques to exchange location information and carry out GPS or other operations to furnish the device that is lagging in position processing progress with assistance which will speed up or otherwise enhance the position fix for that device.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an antenna comprising multiple array elements with a first and second feeding point, each associated with orthogonal polarizations, each array element has a first and second phase centre each associated with the orthogonal polarizations, the first and second phase centres of said array elements are arranged in at least two columns, and one antenna port connected to the first and second feeding points of at least two array elements with first phase centre and second phase centre arranged in the at least two columns via a respective feeding network. The feeding network comprises a beam forming network having a primary connection, connected to the antenna port, and at least four secondary connections. The beam forming network divides power between the first feeding point and the second feeding point and controls phase shift differences between the respective feeding points with phase centre arranged in different columns.

Abstract: There are provided mechanisms for beam forming using an antenna array comprising dual polarized elements. A method comprises generating one or two beam ports. The one or two beam ports are defined by combining at least two non-overlapping subarrays. Each subarray has two subarray ports. The two subarray ports have identical power patterns and mutually orthogonal polarizations. The at least two non-overlapping subarrays are combined via expansion weights. The expansion weights and map the one or two beam ports to subarray ports such that the one or two beam ports have the same power pattern as the subarrays. At least some of the expansion weights have identical non-zero magnitude and are related in phase to form a transmission lobe. The method comprises transmitting signals using said one or two beam ports.

Abstract: Sensor-assisted location technology is disclosed. Primary location technologies, such as GPS, can be used to determine the current location (e.g., a location fix) of a location-enabled device. In some instances, the primary location technology may be unreliable and/or consume more power than an alternative location technology. Sensors, such as accelerometers, compasses, gyrometers, and the like, can be used to supplement and/or increase the accuracy of location data. For example, a location-enabled device can identify an area with unreliable GPS location data and use sensors to calculate a more accurate location. Areas identified may be crowd-sourced. Sensors can be used to identify errors in the location data provided by primary location technology. Sensors can be used to modify a sampling interval of the primary location technology. Sensor can be used to smooth motion on a user interface between sampling intervals of the primary location technology.