Abstract: In a supercharged engine, a supercharger and a throttle body disposed midway in an intake passage are located away from an engine block. A blow-by gas passage constituting a PCV apparatus is connected between a portion of the intake passage located on the upstream side of a throttle valve and a crankcase. The blow-by gas passage returns the blow-by gas collected in the crankcase to the intake passage. A cooling water passage extending from the engine block is connected to a radiator. A water passage extending from the radiator is connected to the engine block via the throttle body, which water passage encloses the blow-by gas passage in an intermediate portion thereof.

Abstract: A bearing boss (3) is protruded from a front wall (2) of a crankcase (1), and a crankshaft (4) is supported at its front journal portion (5) by this bearing boss (3). Interlocking shafts (7) are disposed within the crankcase (1) in parallel to the crankshaft (4), and a crank gear (6) and input gears (8) attached to the interlocking shafts (7) are arranged coplanarly. Balancer shafts (11) are used as the interlocking shafts (7), governor weights (9) are mounted to the rear surface (12) of the input gear (8), and a governor sleeve (10) is located behind the governor weights (9).

Abstract: A low-temperature carbonization/combustion process is carried out in a low-temperature carbonization/combustion plant with pressure control that includes a pyrolysis drum to which waste is delivered. Low-temperature carbonization gas generated there is passed to a combustion chamber. Flue gas produced there is fed through a cooling device and a gas compressor to a stack. With the aid of a control device, the speed of rotation of the gas compressor is controlled in relation to the pressure in the gas path between the pyrolysis drum and the gas compressor in such a way that when the pressure decreases, the speed of rotation is decreased. Preferably, an additional gas compressor is connected in series with the gas compressor and the speed of rotation of the additional gas compressor is appropriately controlled. An additional pyrolysis drum can also be provided.

Abstract: Two-bank internal-combustion engine, per cylinder bank air intake system has, per cylinder bank, one resonance container and, centered thereto, has another container. By way of suction pipes, the resonance containers are connected to the cylinders and are provided with connecting pipes among one another, with fresh air entering into one of these. Suction pipe extensions are connected to the other containers, and extend partially in the resonance containers while being aligned at a distance with the inflow funnels of the suction pipes. The combination of the connecting pipes acting as a resonance pipe with the suction pipe extensions acting as a ram pipe causes a mean pressure increase, whereby the torque as well as the power of the internal-combustion engine are increased.

Abstract: An intake manifold for a combustion engine is provided. The intake manifold has a body with a front end, a back end, a top and a bottom. The bottom has a first angled portion, a second angled portion and a horizontal portion located therebetween. The intake manifold further has a front end plate and a back end plate connected to respective ends of the body. The top plate has at least one opening for connecting at least one carburetor system to the intake manifold. The intake manifold further has a first and a second engine mounting plate and a plurality of straight tubes each having a first and a second end. The straight tubes are connected at their first end to the body of the intake manifold and at their second end to the engine mounting plates. The plurality of straight tubes are preferably extruded metal.

Abstract: An apparatus for recycling the exhaust gas of an engine crankcase, including an exhaust gas recycling unit having a filter element with a porous filter core supported on a spring inside a cylindrical shell, a mounting frame for mounting inside a car near the engine crankcase, a piston housing extended into the porous filter core at the center cylindrical shell and having a side hole and a bottom hole, a piston reciprocated in the piston housing to alternatively seal and open the side hole and bottom hole on the piston housing, an intake pipe for guiding exhaust gas from the engine crankcase into the exhaust gas recycling unit for filtration through the filter element and the porous filter core permitting filtrated gas to flow into piston housing through the side hole, and an outlet pipe for guiding filtrated gas out of the piston housing into the engine of the car.

Abstract: A protective cowling and air silencing device for the power head of a watercraft propulsion unit. The cowling is provided with an atmospheric air inlet opening, and a duct is provided internally in the cowling for assisting in water separation by directing the inlet air downwardly toward a drain opening. The engine is provided with charge formers that have an air silencing device that is provided with at least one resonating chamber on the side of the charge former and which communicates with a delivery passage of the device through a tuning neck for silencing purposes.

Abstract: An electronically actuated, air control valve regulates the flow of combustion air to an internal combustion engine. The valve includes an air passage having a throttle valve rotatable therein between a first, minimum air flow position and a second, maximum air flow position. Between the minimum and the maximum air flow positions is a default air flow position for operation of the engine during actuator inoperativeness. A biasing member has a first end operable to impart a force on the valve member in the direction of the default air flow position when the valve member in operable between the minimum air flow position and the default position. Likewise, the biasing member has a second end operable to impart a force on the valve member in the direction of the default air flow position when the valve member is operated in the range between the default air flow position and the maximum air flow position.

Abstract: Method and mechanism for distributing air and recirculating gasses into the cylinders of internal combustion engines involving left and right side throttle bodies connected to the branches of a common air intake for controlling inlet air fed to left and right side inlet manifolds. These two manifolds are longitudinally offset from one another so that the outlets of their runners are in alignment and can be readily attached to the head of the engine. With such construction and for space saving considerations the throttle body for the right side intake manifold is located close to an outlet of a crossover tube recirculating exhaust gas into this manifold and the inlet of an air supply runner of this manifold for feeding air to one of the cylinders.

Abstract: A two cycle piston engine is described in which one or more intake poppet valves are carried in the top of the piston which driven onto a respective mating valve seat in the cylinder head by piston movement towards top dead center, a spring allowing retraction of the valve into the piston top after the poppet valve seats on its valve seat. A two valve arrangement opens one valve before the other, with air only in flowing through the first valve seat prior to opening of the other valve seat, through which fuel is injected.

Abstract: A two-cycle internal combustion engine is provided which comprises: a cylinder receiving a reciprocative piston and having a top portion provided with a combustion chamber in which a spark plug faces; an exhaust port laterally opening into the cylinder; at least one first scavenging port opening into the cylinder at one side of the exhaust port; and at least one second scavenging port opening into the cylinder at another side of the exhaust port opposite to said one side. Each of the first and second scavenging ports directs scavenging gas away from the exhaust port. The first scavenging port opens into the cylinder with an upward inclination for directing a first portion of the scavenging gas upwardly toward the top portion of the cylinder, whereas the second scavenging port is oriented to direct a second portion of the scavenging gas transversely of the cylinder toward a wall portion of the cylinder where the first scavenging port is formed.

Abstract: To save energy and reduce pollution by exerting magnetic fields on fuel oil to facilitate to convert oil particles into minute particles.

Abstract: The design and construction of past air-oil separators included labyrinth type designs with a series of baffles which can be expensive and complicated to manufacture. The present invention utilizes an air-oil separator which allows the introduction of blow-by gas to high velocity fresh air at its boundary layer in order to separate oil and air from the blow-by gas. The air-oil separator has an annular housing with first and second compartments. The blow-by gas enters a constricted middle portion of the first compartment through a plurality of openings. Simultaneously, fresh air at a high velocity flows through the constricted middle portion. The blow-by gas is accelerated with the fresh air flow at the boundary layer of the fresh air. The fresh air flow and blow-by gas reach an annular opening in the second compartment which strips the boundary layer from the fresh air flow causing the blow-by gas to split off into an annular outer gallery at a high velocity.

Abstract: An automotive head gasket assembly and shim for installation between the head and block of an engine is disclosed. The head gasket includes a main body of a first thickness having a central core and compressible composite facing layers laminated to the surface of the core. The main body defines a plurality of combustion openings. A fire ring is disposed and secured in each combustion opening. Each of the fire rings includes a generally U-shaped armor having a pair of legs overlying and underlying the main body adjacent a combustion opening and a central body connecting the legs and ensheathing a wire ring for providing a combustion seal. A shim is temporarily disposed on the gasket on one of the facing layers. The shim surrounds each of the combustion openings and defines openings thereat of a size greater than the size of the wire ring so that the wire ring is disposed to lie within the opening.

Abstract: The slave piston drive train in a compression release engine braking system includes a slave piston with a rigidly connected extension. The end of the extension remote from the main body of the slave piston is spherically convex. A bearing pad or foot fits in swivel fashion on this spherically convex end. The outer surface of the foot opposite the spherically convex extension end is substantially flat and bears on a substantially flat surface on an exhaust valve rocker arm.

Abstract: An integrated air intake system, particularly for the combustion air of an internal-combustion engine, which comprises a plastic housing (10), an air intake manifold, an air filter (21) and at least one additional electric and/or mechanical component. The housing is constructed of a plurality of shells and is formed with a bottom part (37) and a top part (38) divided by a parting plane extending along the intake manifold (23). The air filter is arranged in an unfiltered air chamber in the top part, and a cover (12) on the top part closes off the unfiltered air chamber and secures the air filter therein.

Abstract: Heat engine piston and combustion chamber construction enclosing a gas combustion zone, comprising: a piston body having a crown facing said gas combustion zone; combustion chamber surfaces cooperating with said piston to complete enclosure of said zone; and a thermal diffusivity coating on said crown and combustion chamber surfaces having an effective thickness to operate as a thermal diode to restrict heat transfer to said piston body and combustion chamber and to restrict heat transfer to said combustible charge prior to combustion.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine has a common shared intake port for each pair of cylinders and having a primary fuel injection system capable of controlling very precisely the distribution of fuel into each cylinder by controlling the duration and timing of each injection pulse. A common fuel injector is provided for each shared intake port and is controlled so as to inject fuel into the shared intake port only during the specific intake strokes of individual cylinders. Each injector preferably takes the form of an electronic fuel injector coupled to a controller receiving signals from engine mounted sensors such as a crank angle indicator. Such electronic control permits very precise control of the duration and timing of the fuel injection pulse and also enables other injection strategies such as a skip-fire operation in which fuel injection is withheld during selected intake strokes of selected cylinders, thereby eliminating firing cycles corresponding to the selected intake strokes.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine presenting a number of cylinders, each defined by a respective axially symmetrical cavity formed in the engine block, and each defining, together with a piston sliding axially inside the cylinder and a head connected to the block, a combustion chamber served by a supply system on the head; the cylinders being divided into a first and second group, each composed of pairs of first and second cylinders arranged in a V and converging towards a respective drive shaft for each group; and the two groups being connected inverted and facing each other, so that the first and second cylinders in each pair of cylinders in the first group are connected at the respective head end so as to form a V with respective first and second cylinders in each corresponding pair of cylinders in the second group, and so that each pair of first cylinders in the two groups defines a first combustion chamber, and each pair of second cylinders in the two groups defines a second combustion chamber common to the

Abstract: A variable compression height piston for reciprocating internal combustion engine includes a lower piston coupled to a connecting rod and an upper piston slidably carried upon the lower piston. A hydraulically actuated mechanical latching system interposed between the lower and upper pistons allows a system controller to selectably maintain the upper piston in a plurality of predetermined compression heights.