Abstract: In an internal combustion engine, especially for a motor saw, a securing device is used for connecting one end of a flexible intake tube (12) to an inlet tube socket (11) of a cylinder (10). The other end of the intake tube is adapted to be connected to a fuel supply system, such as a carburetor (17). A partition wall (13) is provided between the cylinder and the carburetor in order to protect the carburetor from heat radiation from the cylinder. According to the invention,the partition wall (13) is made integral with a clamp (14) adapted to surround and secure one end of the intake tube (12) to the inlet tube socket (11).

Abstract: A valve is provided for a piston of a two stroke engine wherein the piston has a sidewall and top and bottom surfaces with the top surface having a first opening therein and a second opening extending between the top and bottom surfaces for receiving the valve, and wherein the piston has a plurality of pressure relief openings extending between the top and bottom surfaces. The valve comprises a valve plate positioned in the opening in the top surface overlaying the pressure relief openings with the valve plate having a central opening extending parallel to the sidewall. The valve plate is movable from a seated position covering the pressure relief openings to an unseated position exposing the pressure relief openings when pressure inside the piston exceeds a predetermined value.

Abstract: According to the present invention, in a cooling water control valve disposed in a cooling water circuit of a water-cooled engine, switching of the cooling water flowing into and out of a heat-accumulating tank and control of an amount of the cooling water passing through a bypass water passage are performed by a single control valve element. Further, a bypass water passage is opened according to a decrease of an absolute of intake negative pressure detected by a pressure sensor and is closed according to the increase of the absolute of the intake negative pressure.

Abstract: A number of embodiments of multi cylinder engines having direct cylinder injection wherein the fuel injector is positioned so as to be shrouded by the piston during at least a portion of its stroke. This permits the use of less expensive and lower pressure fuel injection nozzles. The spray pattern of the injector is chosen so that some fuel is sprayed toward the spark plug to provide stratification, but the major portion is directed toward the head of the piston so to as insure a homogeneous mixture when operating at high speed, high load conditions. All of fuel injectors are on the same side of the cylinder block and served by the same fuel rail.

Abstract: An output document finishing module and a method of using it, relate to a document finishing module which is removably mounted to a paper sheet receiver for a non-impact printer. The module receives the printed sheets from the non-impact printer and finishes them by stapling or hole punching. The module can be removed from the receiver and replaced with conventional document receiving bins.

Abstract: An air intake system for an internal combustion engine comprises an air pipe having at least one communication aperture in a pipe wall and opposite ends, and a resonator formed substantially coaxially about and spaced from an outer circumference of the air pipe and disposed substantially over the entire length of the air pipe. The resonator is connected at the opposite ends to the air pipe. The air intake system further comprises a flexible inner bellows formed at a portion of the air pipe and a flexible outer bellows formed at a portion of the resonator substantially overlying the inner bellows. The material for molding the resonator is changed at an intermediate portion in a longitudinal direction of the resonator from a hard resin to a soft resin, with at least the outer bellows being formed from a soft resin.

Abstract: A method of controlling the air supply to a scavenged internal combustion engine having a blower for suppling air thereto and bypass means for allowing a bypass air flow from the outlet side of the blower to the inlet side thereof, the method including regulating the bypass air flow through the bypass means to provide a variable rate of air flow therethrough and regulating the flow of ambient air to the blower to thereby control the pressure of the intake air supply to the blower and controlling a supply of recirculated exhaust gas introduced upstream of the blower by controlling the flow rate of ambient air to the blower such that a requisite pressure is generated upstream of the blower to thereby control the exhaust gas flow rate.

Abstract: A stapling device including a staple driver for inserting a staple into sheets and a clincher for bending the staple piercing through the sheets, which are opposed to each other astride a sheet passage, is provided with shifting means for bringing the staple driver and clincher close to each other in stapling operation, and widely separating said staple driver from said clincher in standing ready for stapling. The sheet passage is widely secured between the staple driver and the clincher on standby so as to allow the sheets to smoothly enter into the sheet passage. This stapling device provides an automatic sheet binding function suitably applicable as a bookbinding system for an image forming device such as a printer and copying machine.

Abstract: A two-cycle engine having an enclosed crankcase assembly and a cylinder assembly. A cylinder wall is sized to sealingly cooperate with the piston as it reciprocates relative thereto. The cylinder assembly is provided with an exhaust port in a first plane and a pair of diametrically opposed recessed transfer ports positioned in a second plane along the cylinder axis. The cylinder assembly is provided with a pair of decompression slots each formed in the cylinder wall in communication with one of the opposed transfer ports and extending towards the combustion chamber end of the cylinder assembly. The decompression slots having a circumferential width W which is substantially constant and a radially measured depth D which varies generally linearly from a maximum depth at the intersection of the decompression slot and the transfer port to a minimum depth at the uppermost end of the decompression slot.

Abstract: A two stroke cycle reciprocating piston internal combustion engine having horizontally opposed cylinders and pistons, scotch yokes and self adjusting sliding blocks for the interface between the scotch yokes and crankpins, and secondary cylindrical pistons to maintain the scotch yokes in perpendicular vertical alignment with the crankpins. The secondary cylindrical pistons also operate as valves to open exhaust ports. A supercharger forces air through intake ports and into the main cylinders, then into secondary cylinders, and scavenges the exhaust gases through the exhaust ports. There is no carburetor and no adjustable distributor but rather ignition signals within its operating range, at a certain angle before top dead center. In addition, a capacitive discharge ignition system using multiple transformer ignition coils for each cylinder and rail spark plugs with multiple sets of rails to ignite very lean air/fuel mixtures.

Abstract: An intake port device for an engine of a vehicle includes a cylinder head having an intake port therein, an intake valve, disposed at an end of the intake port leading to an engine cylinder, for opening and closing the intake port, and a cross-section controller for controlling a cross-sectional area of a portion of the intake port. The cross-section controller includes an elastic member disposed about an inner wall of the intake port, and a movable member forming a portion of the inner wall of the intake port. The movable member may be a hydraulically controlled piston which moves according to the speed of the engine so as to change the cross-sectional area of the intake port; thus, properly and effectively generating a swirling air flow to improve combustion within the engine.

Abstract: A system for reversing the direction of a two-stroke, internal combustion engine provided with a spark ignition system, the engine having at least one cylinder and a piston reciprocating therein and connected to drive a rotary crankshaft, the system comprising: a manually operable inverse command button; trigger means located proximate a rotary member driven by the crankshaft, a cooperating member carried on the rotary member and cooperating with the trigger means as the rotary member rotates to generate a train of pulses; means detecting the direction of rotation of the crankshaft and generating a direction signal indicative of direction of rotation; a microprocessor control unit receiving the train of pulses, the direction signal and an output from the inverse command button and connected to control the spark ignition system, the microprocessor monitoring the speed and direction of rotation of the rotary member on the basis of the train of pulses and the direction signal, the microprocessor operable when th

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes a piston having a crown portion with a bottom surface and a skirt projecting therefrom to form a cavity, and a connecting rod having at one end a semicylindrical yoke portion with an upwardly directed semicylindrical concave surface and downwardly directed semicylindrical convex surfaces. A guide member is slidably retained between the bottom surface and the concave surface, and an annular member projecting into and fixed to the skirt defines spaced apart semicylindrical concave surfaces each engaging portions of the convex surfaces.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine has an annular engine chamber in which a set of pistons oscillate in synchronism. On their compression stroke, the pistons draw in a fresh charge into the chamber behind the piston. On the power stroke, that charge is compressed and released into the next following combustion chamber. The engine geometry is selected to provide a a compression stroke that is shorter in duration than the combustion stroke.

Abstract: A cross-scavenged, two-cycle internal combustion engine has a low-pressure, cylinder wall fuel injection system that is practical for multi-cylinder marine engines. It also reduces the amount of unburned hydrocarbons in exhaust emissions when compared to a conventional carbureted two-cycle, cross-scavenged engine. The fuel injectors are mounted through the cylinder walls so that the fuel spray contacts a deflector on the piston crown. The fuel vaporizes upon contact, and scavenging air flow from the deflector towards the spark plug electrode convects the vaporized fuel towards the spark plug electrode, thereby reducing the likelihood of short circuiting of unburned fuel through the exhaust port before the exhaust port closes and compression begins. All fuel is injected into the piston cavity before the exhaust port closes.

Abstract: A system for controlling the opening and closing, as well as the lift, of the intake and exhaust valves of an internal combustion engine as a function of the speed of the engine. In one form of the invention, the system includes a variable length tappet assembly which, in cooperation with a push rod and rocker assembly, functions to open and close the valves of the engine in direct relation to engine speed. The variable length tappet assembly is operably coupled with the oil pump of the engine, the output pressure of which varies as a function of engine speed with the result that the overall length of the tappet assembly also varies as a function of engine speed.

Abstract: A two-cycle internal combustion engine comprises a cylinder with a piston, the cylinder having a port in which an intake valve is placed for feeding a fuel-air mixture from an intake manifold into an intake chamber. The intake chamber is positioned under the position, is isolated from a crank chamber and communicates with a combustion chamber. The combustion chamber is positioned above the piston and communicates with the intake chamber by means of a by-pass manifold, at the inlet of which an intake valve is placed for feeding a fuel-air mixture. An additional piston is provided which is positioned in the cylinder between the crank chamber and the main piston and is rigidly connected to the main piston. A second intake chamber is positioned between the first intake chamber and the additional piston. The second intake chamber isolated from the first intake chamber by means of a partition and communicates with the intake manifold and with the by-pass manifold.

Abstract: An air-fuel ratio sensor comprises a platelike oxygen sensing section made of a solid electrolyte and a heater sheet heating the oxygen sensing section. The oxygen sensing section and the heater sheet are stacked via spacers to constitute a multilayer construction. The heater sheet comprises a first platelike insulating sheet chiefly containing at least one component selected from the group consisting of .alpha.-alumina, steatite and mullite, a filmy resistance element disposed on the first insulating sheet and having a resistance-temperature coefficient within a range of 0.5.times.10.sup.3 to 2.0.times.10.sup.3 ppm/.degree.C., and a second platelike insulating sheet covering the resistance element and chiefly containing at least one component selected from the group consisting of .alpha.-alumina, steatite and mullite.

Abstract: An oil supply system for a watercraft which is powered by an internal combustion engine driving a water propulsion device is disclosed. The system delivers oil to the engine in accordance with a first rate of increase as engine speed increases in a first low engine speed range, and in accordance with a second higher rate of increase as engine speed increases in a second engine speed range higher than the first engine speed range. The lower rate of oil delivery in the first engine speed range is selected to prevent fouling of a catalyst of the engine.

Abstract: To ensure an adequate supply of hot engine coolant to a heater circuit at low engine speeds, a combined thermostat and bypass valve 10 is arranged to restrict bypass flow by means of a spring-loaded bypass valve 38 operating at a bypass delivery port 16. At low engine speeds the bypass flow pressure is insufficient to lift the bypass valve 38 from its seating and the flow through a heat exchanger "H" in the heater circuit is thereby enhanced.