Abstract: A hinge between a support and a movable part in an out-of-plane direction of a microelectromechanical structure includes two torsion beams, and two bending elements connecting the movable part and the support and each comprising two beams extending perpendicularly to the axis of rotation. Each beam is connected to the support by a first end and to the movable part by a second end, the first ends and the second ends of the beams being disposed with respect to one another in such a way that the orientation of the first end towards the second end of one beam is opposite to the orientation of the first end towards the second end of the other beam.

Abstract: An inertial sensor includes a substrate and a structure disposed on the substrate. The structure includes a detection movable body which overlaps the substrate in a direction along a Z-axis and includes a movable detection electrode, a detection spring that supports the detection movable body, a drive portion that drives the detection movable body in a direction along an X-axis with respect to the substrate, a fixed detection electrode fixed to the substrate and facing the movable detection electrode, a first compensation electrode for applying an electrostatic attraction force having a first direction component different from the direction along the X-axis to the detection movable body, and a second compensation electrode for applying an electrostatic attraction force having a second direction component opposite to the first direction component to the detection movable body.

Abstract: A hydrant assembly includes a fire hydrant including a barrel, the barrel defining a barrel axis extending from a top barrel end of the barrel to a bottom barrel end of the barrel; and a vibration sensor enclosed within the fire hydrant, the vibration sensor defining a sensor axis extending from a first sensor end of the vibration sensor to a second sensor end of the vibration sensor, the sensor axis defining an angle relative to the barrel axis, the angle less than ninety degrees.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a body, a development cartridge to be attached to or detached from the body, and a fixing device to fix toner to a recording medium. The development cartridge includes a heat transfer blocking member disposed on an outer side of the development cartridge and adjacent to the fixing device when the development cartridge is attached to the body.

Abstract: An optomechanical device optomechanical device for stabilizing an optomechanical resonator comprising a circuit configured to generate a first optical signal and a second optical signal, modulate the first optical signal, modulate the second optical signal, and combine the first optical signal and the second optical signal into a combined optical signal to direct the combined optical signal into an assembly. An inner sidewall of a first beam structure of the assembly has a first inner spatial frequency correspond to a second inner spatial frequency of an inner sidewall of a second beam structure of the assembly and an outer sidewall of the first beam structure has a first outer spatial frequency correspond to a second outer spatial frequency of an outer sidewall of the second beam structure.

Abstract: A moisture detection element includes: an insulating substrate of an insulating material; an application part which is formed on the insulating substrate and to which a voltage is applied; an output part which is formed on the insulating substrate and configured to output a voltage signal corresponding in response to a current flowing through an electric path via water molecules adhering to a surface of the insulating substrate under the voltage applied to the application part; and a conductive film which is electrically insulated from the application part and the output part and is provided on the insulating substrate. An insulating film of an insulating material is provided on the application part, the output part, and the conductive film.

Abstract: Methods and systems that may be employed to dynamically test the effect of fluids (e.g., well treatment chemicals such as well stimulation treatment chemicals, enhanced oil recovery “EOR” chemicals, etc.) on hydrocarbon recovery from crushed reservoir formation materials under conditions of applied stress. The disclosed methods and systems may be used in one embodiment to dynamically test types of low permeability formations (e.g., such as shale, limestone, quarried rock, etc.). In one embodiment, a fluid flow apparatus may be provided that has a conductor segment that defines an internally-heterogeneous fluid flow space in the form of an internal slot. Such an internally-heterogeneous fluid flow space may include one or more fluid flow diversion features and/or have a varying or non-consistent cross-sectional flow area. Individual fluid flow apparatus may be configured for assembly and disassembly from each other, and/or may be configured to capture and contain contents for future testing.

Abstract: An aqueous solution including salt stored in a first storage is led to a mixer through a first pipe, and an organic solvent stored in a second storage is led to the mixer through a second pipe. The aqueous solution and the organic solvent are mixed by the mixer, so that a mobile phase is produced. At least a portion of the first pipe and at least a portion of the second pipe are heated by a heater such that a temperature of the mobile phase produced by the mixer is equal to or higher than the dissolution temperature of salt included in the aqueous solution.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a main body, a development cartridge supplying toner accommodated in a toner accommodating portion to an electrostatic latent image formed on a photoconductor to form a toner image, a toner refilling portion in the development cartridge and on which a toner refill cartridge for refilling toner in the toner accommodating portion is mounted, and a controller controlling operations of the image forming apparatus based on a connection between the development cartridge mounted on the main body and the toner refill cartridge mounted on the toner refilling portion. The toner refilling portion connects the toner refill cartridge to the main body through an interface between the development cartridge and the main body.

Abstract: A physical quantity sensor includes a substrate, and a moving member facing the substrate in a third direction via a gap and becoming displaced in the third direction in relation to the substrate. The moving member has a first part and a second part, and a plurality of penetration holes arranged at the first part and the second part and penetrating the moving member in the third direction. In at least one of a first area overlapping the first part and a second area overlapping the second part, as viewed in a plan view from the third direction, C?1.5×Cmin is satisfied, where C is a damping and Cmin is a minimum value of the damping.

Abstract: A method of adjusting an operating parameter of a miniature electromechanical resonator comprises measuring angular coordinates of first and second principal stiffness axes of first and second wine-glass mode of the miniature electromechanical resonator, respectively; determining first and second wine-glass mode frequencies of the resonator being resonant frequencies of the first and second principal stiffness axes, respectively; calculating one or more locations on the resonator for machining to reduce a difference between the first and second wine-glass mode frequencies; and machining the one or more locations on the resonator to reduce the difference between the first and second wine-glass mode frequencies.

Abstract: A tire monitoring system with mounting features on a housing provide for positioning through a wide range of angles. Accordingly, the system can be positioned on a variety of wheel rim/valve combinations. The tire monitoring apparatus includes two opposed wings provided on the housing to facilitate the range of positioning angles at which the housing can be positioned with respect to a valve base. Each opposed wing has a same exterior surface radius of curvature and the wings are clamped between a base plate and a clamp plate at the desired angle.

Abstract: Provided is an image forming apparatus which includes an image forming job unit in which a toner cartridge is mounted, a toner refill unit, and a controller. The toner refill unit may be connected to refill toner supplies, and to supply refill toner to the mounted toner cartridge from the refill toner supplies. The controller may control the image forming apparatus, based on an operation of the toner refill unit.

Abstract: An inertial measurement apparatus includes a first gyro sensor that has a detection axis set in the direction of a first axis, is driven at a first drive frequency, and detects angular velocity around the first axis, a second gyro sensor that has a detection axis set in the direction of a second axis, is driven at a second drive frequency, and detects angular velocity around the second axis, a third gyro sensor that has a detection axis set in the direction of a third axis, is driven at a third drive frequency, and detects angular velocity around the third axis, and a substrate on which the first, second, and third gyro sensors are provided. The natural vibration frequency of the substrate is set at a frequency that does not coincide with any of fd1, fd2, and fd3, where fd1, fd2, and fd3 represent the first, second, and third drive frequencies.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a capacitive MEMS gyroscope with drive-signal induced offset cancelling features. In a MEMS gyroscope of the type including force feedback circuitry, the drive signal is modulated according to a known modulation scheme or frequency. The modulation scheme/frequency of the drive signal is used by offset cancelling circuitry to determine the offset in the rate signal caused by the drive signal. The determined offset is subsequently removed from the rate signal.

Abstract: A microelectromechanical gyroscope comprising a force-feedback circuit with a sideband modulator configured to impart to a mechanical oscillator a modulated force-feedback signal, and a frequency-feedback circuit which receives from the oscillator a modulated sense signal and is configured to keep the phase of the secondary resonant frequency of the oscillator equal to its primary oscillation frequency.

Abstract: A system for sampling a sample material includes a probe which can have an outer probe housing with an open end. A liquid supply conduit within the housing has an outlet positioned to deliver liquid to the open end of the housing. The liquid supply conduit can be connectable to a liquid supply for delivering liquid at a first volumetric flow rate to the open end of the housing. A liquid exhaust conduit within the housing is provided for removing liquid from the open end of the housing. A liquid exhaust system can be provided for removing liquid from the liquid exhaust conduit at a second volumetric flow rate. A droplet dispenser can dispense drops of a sample or a sample-containing solvent into the open end of the housing. A sensor and a processor can be provided to monitor and maintain a liquid dome present at the open end.

Abstract: An analysis system includes a degassing cell, at least one first valve, and at least one second valve. The at least one first valve is fluidly coupled with a top of the degassing cell, the at least one first valve configured selectably connect the degassing cell to a displacement gas flow and to a vacuum source. The at least one second valve is fluidly connected with a lateral side of the degassing cell and separately fluidly connected with a bottom of the degassing cell. The at least one second valve is selectably coupled with any of a source of a sample-carrying fluid, a transfer line configured to deliver a sample to an analysis device, or a waste output.

Abstract: Using ion mobility separation to improve a duty cycle of a mass spectrometer is described. In one aspect, a mass spectrometer can use an ion-mobility spectrometer to allow for more multiply-charged ions to transmit through than singly-charged ions. This results in a mass analyzer to perform a mass analysis with more multiply-charged ions.

Abstract: According to an embodiment, an image forming apparatus includes an image bearing body, a developing unit, a supplying unit, a detecting unit, and a control unit. The supplying unit supplies a recording agent from a recording agent cartridge to the developing unit. The detecting unit detects a residual amount of the recording agent. The control unit controls, if the recording agent cartridge is not replaced, the supplying unit to supply the recording agent to the developing unit if the detected residual amount decreases to a first residual amount or less and controls, if the recording agent cartridge is replaced, the supplying unit to supply the recording agent in the recording agent cartridge after the replacement to the developing unit if the detected residual amount of the recording agent in the recording agent cartridge before the replacement decreases to a second residual amount or less.