Abstract: A DNA polymerase (Neq DNA polymerase) derived from Nanoarchaeum equitans is split into Neq L and Neq S fragments, each of which contains inteins. A Neq hot-start (HS) DNA polymerase in which the inteins of the Neq L and Neq S fragments are linked with each other is provided in the form of a precursor of Neq DNA polymerase. A purification method can be significantly improved by inserting a His-tag sequence composed of six histidine residues between the inteins of the Neq L and Neq S fragments at a gene level. As a result of effort to enhance PCR efficiency of the Neq HS DNA polymerase, a gene coding for the Neq HS DNA polymerase is mutated at specific positions to screen mutant Neq HS polymerases (M1, M2, and M3) having a highly improved PCR amplification rate and amplification level.

Abstract: A kit for detecting or measuring glycosyltransferase activity including a first reagent comprising a phosphatase and a second reagent comprising a free phosphate detector, and method of detecting and measuring glycosyltransferase activity. A sugar donor, an acceptor substrate, a glycosyltransferase enzyme and a phosphatase are combined and the amount of free phosphate present in the product is measured and used to calculate the activity of the glycosyltransferase enzyme.

Abstract: Provided is a phenol-producing transformant constructed by transferring a gene which encodes an enzyme having chorismate-pyruvate lyase activity and a gene which encodes an enzyme having 4-hydroxybenzoate decarboxylase activity into a coryneform bacterium as a host. Also provided is a process for producing phenol, which comprises a step of allowing the transformant to react in a reaction mixture containing a saccharide under reducing conditions, and a step of collecting phenol from the reaction mixture.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods for cleaving a target RNA polynucleotide. The target RNA polynucleotide includes a Cas6 recognition domain and a cleavage site, and may be based on a repeat from a CRISPR locus. The methods may be practiced in vivo or in vitro. Also provided are polypeptides that have Cas6 endoribonuclease activity in the presence of a target RNA polynucleotide, and methods for using the polypeptides.

Abstract: The present invention relates to microorganisms of corynebacterium which can utilize xylose and to a method for producing L-lysine using same. More particularly, the present invention relates to microorganisms of corynebacterium which are modified, in which genes encoding xylose isomerase and xylulokinase which are xylose synthases are introduced to express the xylose synthase. The present invention also relates to a method for producing L-lysine, comprising a step of culturing the modified microorganisms of corynebacterium using xylose as a carbon source, and recovering L-lysine from the culture.

Abstract: The present invention describes a bacterium which has an ability to produce an amino acid and in which the rhtC gene encoding a protein having an enhanced activity of imparting L-threonine resistance to a bacterium expressing the protein. Preferably, the bacterium further includes an rhtB gene encoding for a protein having an enhanced activity of imparting to a bacterium L-homoserine resistance expressing the protein. The present invention also describes a method of cultivating the bacterium in a culture medium to produce and accumulate amino acids in the medium, and the amino acid is recovered from the medium.

Abstract: The present invention relates to isolated polypeptides having glucuronyl esterase activity, catalytic domains and polynucleotides encoding the polypeptides or catalytic domains. The invention also relates to nucleic acid constructs, vectors, and host cells comprising the polynucleotides as well as methods of producing and using the polypeptides or catalytic domains.

Abstract: The invention relates to a polypeptide which has enhanced beta-glucosidase activity at a temperature of between about 30° C. and about 35° C.

Abstract: Disrupting expression of a protein encoded by the region of the Zymomonas genome called ZMO0353 in the genomic sequence of the ZM4 strain was found to improve the use of xylose in a recombinant xylose utilizing Zymomonas cell. In addition, utilization of both xylose and arabinose was improved in a xylose and arabinose utilizing Zymomonas cell with this disruption, and increased ethanol production was achieved.

Abstract: Genetically-engineered cyanochrome fluorophore molecules (fluorophores) with increased fluorescence and with absorbing fluorescence in the blue and green (blue/green) portion of the light spectrum are provided. These fluorophores are derived from the domains of phytochromes, and in particular cyanobacterial phytochromes. Methods for generating these fluorophores and various applications of these fluorophores are also provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a microorganism which produces and/or secretes an organic-chemical compound, wherein the microorganism has increased expression, compared to the particular starting strain, of one or more protein subunits of the ABC transporter having the activity of a trehalose importer, said microorganism being capable of taking up trehalose from the medium; and to a method for the production of an organic-chemical compound, using the microorganism according to the invention, wherein accumulation of trehalose in the fermentation broth is reduced or avoided.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods and compositions for the production of renewable fatty acids from photosynthetic prokaryotic microorganisms, such as a blue green algae, any specie of the phylum Cyanophyta, a chloroplast of a green algae and/or a Cyanobacterium. Engineered or natural strains of these organisms or organelles can be used to produce both saturated and unsaturated fatty acids with variable chain length specificity from 8-18 carbons. The fatty acids can then be secreted into the culture medium, allowing for rapid, continuous and efficient separation of fatty acid product without harvesting of cell mass.

Abstract: A polypeptide conferring an acid-tolerant property on a yeast cell, a polynucleotide encoding the polypeptide, a yeast cell including an increased amount of the polypeptide, a method of producing a product by using the yeast cell, and a method of producing an acid-tolerant yeast cell are provided.

Abstract: The present invention is aimed to provide a method for industrially producing a useful substance (protein etc.) utilizing a bacterium such as Escherichia coli in the presence of a surfactant and a surfactant to be used in this method for producing a useful substance. The present invention is a method for producing a useful substance into a culture solution by secretion by a bacterium in the culture solution, wherein the culture solution contains a surfactant (A), and a dried cell density based on the volume of the culture solution is 1.5 to 500 g/L. More preferably, the present invention is a method for producing a useful substance wherein the surfactant (A) is at least one agent selected from the group consisting of an amphoteric surfactant, an anionic surfactant, and a nonionic surfactant having an HLB value of 0 to 13.

Abstract: The invention relates to kinase ligands and polyligands. In particular, the invention relates to ligands and polyligands that modulate GSK3 activity. The ligands and polyligands are utilized as research tools or as therapeutics. The invention includes linkage of the ligands and polyligands to a cellular localization signal, epitope tag and/or a reporter. The invention also includes polynucleotides encoding the ligands and polyligands.

Abstract: A method of producing hydrolysate from cellulosic material by adding hydrothermally treated stillage or a fraction thereof to cellulosic material, treating the mixture of hydrothermally treated stillage and cellulosic material with at least one hydrolyzing enzyme, and hydrolyzing and converting complex carbohydrates in the cellulosic material. The hydrolysate produced by the method. Ethanol, organic acids, and organism metabolites produced by the method. Biomass produced by the method. A method of increasing sugar production rate and yield of sugars from cellulosic material by adding hydrothermally treated stillage or a fraction thereof to cellulosic material, treating the mixture of hydrothermally treated stillage and cellulosic material with at least one hydrolyzing enzyme, and hydrolyzing complex carbohydrates in the cellulosic material and forming sugars.

Abstract: Apparatus, systems and methods can provide improved detection of botulinum neurotoxins. In one aspect an isoquinolynyl compound can be used to enhance the sensitivity of both Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) and non-FRET cell-based assays. In another aspect, non-FRET assays and constructs utilize a reporter that is not coupled with the second fluorophore in a manner that produces significant FRET. In that subject matter an environment cell can include an enzyme that facilitates degradation of the reporter significantly faster after the cleavage than before the cleavage, and presence of the Botulinum toxin correlates with reduction of the signal from a baseline signal. Where the environment is a cell, the cell can advantageously express both the construct that includes the reporter, and an enzyme that facilitates the degradation.

Abstract: The present invention is to enhance the stability and enzyme activity of an L-arabitol dehydrogenase derived from Neurospora crassa using techniques from quantum mechanics and molecular mechanics and partial mutation techniques. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for preparing an L-arabitol dehydrogenase in which a residue which affects enzyme stability is found through a screening based on quantum mechanics and molecular mechanics, and enzyme activity is enhanced by mutation of the found residue, nucleic acid molecules encoding the L-arabitol dehydrogenase, a vector including the nucleic acid molecules, a transformant including the vector, a mutant of the L-arabitol dehydrogenase and an improved L-arabitol dehydrogenase.

Abstract: A method for the prophylaxis or treatment of restenosis comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of Annexin A5 or a functional analog or variant thereof to a patient in need of such treatment. A method for the treatment of stenosis in a patient comprising performing an intervention for the treatment of stenosis in conjunction with administering a therapeutically effective amount of Annexin A5 or a functional analog or variant thereof. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of Annexin A5 or a functional analog or variant thereof for the prophylaxis or treatment of restenosis. A drug eluting stent, wherein the drug is Annexin A5 or a functional analog or variant thereof, and a method of making such a stent.

Abstract: The present invention provides for a method of genetically modifying microorganisms to enhance resistance to ionic liquids, host cells genetically modified in accordance with the methods, and methods of using the host cells in a reaction comprising biomass that has been pretreated with ionic liquids.