Abstract: Automated patient positioning and modelling includes a hardware processor to obtain image data from an imaging sensor, classify the image data, using a first machine learning model, as a patient pose based on one or more pre-defined protocols for patient positioning, provide a confidence score based on the classification of the image data and if the confidence score is less than a pre-determined value, re-classify the image data using a second machine learning model; or if the confidence score is greater than a pre-determined value, identify the image data as corresponding to a patient pose based on one or more pre-defined protocols for patient positioning during a scan procedure.

Abstract: An infrared sensor including: a detection substrate that includes a first substrate in which infrared detection elements are arranged in a lattice shape and first terminals each of which is associated with one of the infrared detection elements are arranged; a readout substrate that includes a second substrate in which second terminals each of which is associated with one of the first terminals are arranged and a readout circuit that reads an electrical signal based on infrared light detected by each one of the infrared detection elements is formed; and bumps that electrically connect each one of the first terminals to one of the second terminals associated with the one of the first terminals, in which at least one of the first terminals, the second terminals, or the bumps is partially arranged at a position between the infrared detection elements that are adjacent in a top view.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method comprising: attaching a plurality of chips to a substrate, wherein each of the chips comprises only one pixel configured to detect radiation. Disclosed herein is a method comprising: attaching a wafer to a substrate, wherein the substrate comprises discrete electrodes, wherein the wafer comprises a radiation absorption layer and a plurality of electrical contacts, wherein each of the electrical contacts is connected to at least one of the discrete electrodes; identifying a defective area of the wafer; replacing a portion of the wafer with a chip configured to absorb radiation, the portion comprising the defective area.

Abstract: An electromagnetic wave sensor 1 has electromagnetic wave absorbers disposed side by side in first and second directions, temperature detection portions held by the respective electromagnetic wave absorbers and sets of two arm portions connected to each electromagnetic wave absorber at two connection portions. In a plan view, the arm portions have two first extending portions extending from the connection portions in directions of which components in the second direction are opposite to each other, and two second extending portions extending from the first extending portions in directions of which components in the first direction are opposite to each other. Four sides of a rectangle circumscribing each of the electromagnetic wave absorbers with a smallest area are inclined with respect to the first direction in directions in which each electromagnetic wave absorber is away from the second extending portions with the connection portions as fulcrums.

Abstract: Provided herein is an apparatus for assessing a fluorescence characteristic of a gemstone. The apparatus comprises an optically opaque platform for supporting a gemstone to be assessed, one or more light source to provide uniform UV and non-UV illumination, an image capturing component, and a telecentric lens positioned to provide fluorescent images of the illuminated gemstone to the image capturing component. Also provided are methods of fluorescence analysis based on images collected using such an apparatus.

Abstract: An apparatus for inspection of a target asset comprises a drone including a body, one or more propellers coupled to the body that enable the drone to fly, and an electronic control unit coupled to or positioned within the body of the drone and coupled to the one or more propellers. The apparatus also comprises a neutron emission source and a neutron detector that are both coupled to the body of the drone and also communicatively coupled to the electronic control unit. The electronic control unit is configured to control navigation of the drone to reach the target asset, to activate the neutron emission source to radiate neutrons onto the asset and to gather data from the neutron detector which detects neutrons backscattered from the asset, indicative of a state of the asset and materials contained within the asset.

Abstract: Target devices for characterizing terahertz imaging systems are provided. The target devices include a terahertz resolution pattern having spatially distributed resolution features and one or more prism assemblies configured to provide a variable contrast level within the resolution features when used with terahertz radiation. Each prism assembly includes first and second prisms arranged in a Frustrated Total Internal Reflection (FTIR) configuration.

Abstract: Provided herein is a system and method designed for measuring and recording, in three-dimensional space, an attenuation of cosmic-ray induced muon particle flux through a material. The attenuation of the said muons determines density variations in the said material in terms of their density, depth, shape and size. The muon data may be combined with various other data types. The passing muons are detected and recorded by one or a plurality of muon detection apparatus designed to be robust and shock resistant. If needed, each individual muon detection apparatus may be controlled remotely or automatically. The muon detection system may be powered by an energy storage device that may be recharged using renewable energy, aggregate or electric grid. The invention comprises methods steps allowing density characterisation of the material in various dimensions, including those over time.

Abstract: An optical device designed to be arranged on a detector provided with an infrared sensor for increasing the angle of the field of view of the detector. The device includes a primary mirror and a secondary mirror that face each other. The primary mirror collects the infrared radiation from a wide-angle field of view to return it to the secondary mirror, which in turn reflects it back to the sensor of the infrared detector.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method and system for generating a light field in a specified working region using an at least partly coherent light source. For example, light from the light source can be fed to at least one modulator which causes different changes in at least one property of the light in different components of the light. The modulator can be actuated with a null point actuation pattern such that the sum of the amplitude distributions of the light components guided via the modulator has null points at at least two positions which can be specified independently of each other in the working region. Each null point adjoining a respective region in which the sum of the amplitude distributions can differs from null. The light can be guided from the modulator into the working region.

Abstract: A cooled infrared camera includes a window housing comprising a plate having an opening, a window positioned in the opening of the plate, a first sidewall having a first end connected to the plate, a first flange connected to a second end of the first sidewall such that the first sidewall is between the plate and the first flange, a first explosively welded joint between the plate and the first sidewall, and a second explosively welded joint between the first sidewall and the first flange. A header is connected to the first flange of the window housing, and a warm end is connected to the header. The cooled infrared camera further includes a hermetically sealed chamber within the window housing and the header.

Abstract: A tolerance error estimating apparatus, method, program, reconstruction apparatus and control apparatus capable of estimating a deviation of a drive axis from a reference position with respect to driving time are provided. A tolerance error estimating apparatus (processing apparatus 300) X-ray analysis apparatus comprises a specific position calculating section 320 for obtaining a specific position of a reference sample at each rotation driving time from X-ray detection images and a deviation amount calculating section 330 for calculating the deviation amount ?x in the x direction and ?y in the y direction of the center position of a rotation drive shaft as the rotation drive axis at each rotation driving time from the reference position based on the specific position, when the z direction of the orthogonal coordinate system fixed to the sample is set the direction parallel to the rotation drive axis.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and program products of inspecting solar panels using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are disclosed. A UAV can obtain a position of the Sun in a reference frame, a location of a solar panel in the reference frame, and an orientation of the solar panel in the reference frame. The UAV can determine a viewing position of the UAV in the reference frame based on at least one of the position of the Sun, the location of the solar panel, and the orientation of the solar panel. The UAV can maneuver to the viewing position and point a thermal sensor onboard the UAV at the solar panel. The UAV can capture, by the thermal sensor, a thermal image of at least a portion of the solar panel. A server onboard the UAV or connected to the UAV can detect panel failures based on the thermal image.

Abstract: Some aspects relate to integrated devices for obtaining timing and/or spectral information from incident light. In some embodiments, a pixel may include one or more charge storage regions configured to receive charge carriers generated responsive to incident photons from a light source, with charge carriers stored in the charge storage region(s) indicative of spectral and timing information. In some embodiments, a pixel may include regions having different depths, each configured to generate charge carriers responsive to incident photons. In some embodiments, a pixel may include multiple charge storage regions having different depths, and one or more of the charge storage regions may be configured to receive the incident photons and generate charge carriers therein. In some embodiments, a pixel may include an optical sorting element configured to direct at least some incident photons to one charge storage region and other incident photons to another charge storage region.

Abstract: A phototransistor apparatus and a method of operating the phototransistor apparatus. The phototransistor apparatus can include a phototransistor, a light source, and a supply voltage associated with the phototransistor. After switching on the supply voltage, the phototransistor can generate a phototransistor signal that is scanned, wherein the supply voltage associated with the phototransistor is switched on later than the light source, and wherein charge carriers in a base area of the phototransistor are reactive to a light pulse from the light source in a currentless state, and continue to react after the light source is switched off. Alternatively, the power supply of the phototransistor can be switched on before the light source is switched off. By delaying the switching on of the power supply of the phototransistor compared to the switching on of the light source, a significant current saving can be achieved.

Abstract: Apparatus for generating THz (terahertz) radiation, the apparatus comprising: a substrate; a planar array of asymmetric point antennas formed on the substrate and excitable by a pump pulse of radiation to radiate THz radiation the point antennas having characteristic dimensions substantially smaller than wavelengths of the radiated THz; wherein the array comprises point antennas aligned in different directions.

Abstract: Examples of the present disclosure describe systems and methods for personalized breast imaging. In aspects, a first set of patient attributes may be collected. The first set of patient attributes may relate to, or be used to determine, for example, breast size, breast thickness, and/or three-dimensional (3D) breast shape. The first set of patient attributes may be used to customize image acquisition parameters for the patient. A second set of patient attributes may also be collected. The second set of patient attributes may relate to, or be used to determine, for example, breast elasticity and breast density. The second set of patient attributes may be used to customize breast compression parameters for the patient. The customized image acquisition parameters and breast compression parameters may then be used to perform one or more procedures (e.g., an imaging procedure, a biopsy procedure, etc.) on the patient's breast.

Abstract: A field spectral radiometer includes a support structure and a remote sensing head disposed on the support structure. The remote sensing head includes a central axis, a first optical element disposed on a first side of the central axis and defining a first optical path for a first optical channel, and a second optical element disposed on a second side of the central axis and defining second optical path for a second optical channel. An instrumentation assembly disposed on the support structure. the instrumentation assembly includes a first detection path associated with the first optical channel and a second detection path associated with the second optical channel, the first and second detection path include optical indexers for manipulating the first and second optical channels. The field spectral radiometer may include a calibration assembly disposed on the base. The calibration assembly may include a calibrating light source for calibrating the remote sensing head.

Abstract: An apparatus and method of inline measurement of low-concentration hydrocarbons overlaps fluorescence, scatter and absorption spectroscopy devices so as to measure scatter and absorption of fluorescing oil and the excited fluorescence itself. The apparatus includes a fitting, an input port, an output port, and a sapphire tube having a hollow interior in fluid connection with the input port and the output port. Flow medium passes through the input port, the sapphire tube, and the output port. The apparatus also includes a light emitter, a first detector, and a second detector. The light emitter can include a lens, an absorption and scatter wavelength emitter, and a fluorescence wavelength emitter. An incident absorption and scatter beam and an incident fluorescence beam from the light emitter and parallel so as to determine free hydrocarbon, dissolved hydrocarbons, and solids in a sample within the sapphire tube.

Abstract: An imaging type X-ray microscope capable of enlarging a numerical aperture even with high energy X-rays and acquiring a magnified image with sufficient intensity even in a laboratory. The imaging type X-ray microscope comprises an X-ray irradiation unit having a microfocal and high-power X-ray source and a condenser mirror for focusing and irradiating the emitted X-rays toward a sample, a sample holding unit for holding the sample, a reflecting mirror type X-ray lens unit for imaging X-rays transmitted through the sample, and an imaging unit for acquiring the imaged X-ray image, wherein each mirror constituting the condenser mirror and the reflecting mirror type X-ray lens unit has a reflecting surface formed with a multilayer film having a high reflectivity in X-rays of a specific wavelength.