Abstract: A radiation imaging apparatus has a pixel region arranged on a substrate. Arranged in a matrix pattern in the pixel region are pixels, each pixel including a conversion element which converts radiation to electrical charges, and a switching element which is connected to the conversion element therein. The radiation imaging apparatus has, in a region outside the pixel region of the substrate, an intersection at which a signal line connected to the switching element and a bias line connected to the conversion element intersects. At the intersection, a semiconductor layer is arranged between the signal line and the bias line, and a carrier blocking portion is arranged between the semiconductor layer and the signal line.

Abstract: A system and method for measuring coating thickness upon a substrate is disclosed. A near infrared light is directed upon the coating and reflected near infrated light is collected to determine the coating thickness. A diffuser is placed between the coating and the reflected near infrared light collector to improve the accuracy of the measurement, especially for coating thickness of less than about 2 mils and for coatings with shiny surfaces. The diffuser is formed of a low density polytetrafluoroethylene fluoropolymer film.

Abstract: An apparatus (1) for reading out X-ray information of an X-ray image stored in a storage phosphor layer (4) includes an irradiation device (13) for irradiating the storage phosphor layer (4) with stimulation radiation (14) and a detection device (16) for collecting emission radiation (15) which the storage phosphor layer (4) emits as a result of the irradiation by means of the stimulation radiation (14). The irradiation device (13) and the detection device (16) are fixedly or rigidly associated with one another. Furthermore, an actuation device (8) is provided for producing a relative movement between the storage phosphor layer (4) on the one hand and the irradiation device (13) and the detection device (16) on the other hand. According to the invention, the apparatus (1) includes acquiring unit (19, 19?, 20, 20?, 21, 21?) for acquiring a speed of the relative movement. In this way, in a technically simple way, good image quality of an X-ray image read out can be guaranteed.

Abstract: A measuring method that utilizes a bandpass filter and a measurement apparatus to measure an intensity of light having a predetermined wavelength among lights emitted from a light source, the bandpass filter transmitting the light having the predetermined wavelength, the measurement apparatus measuring an absolute intensity of an incident light includes the steps of measuring an output of the measurement apparatus continuously, stopping or starting an emission of the light source in the measuring step, calculating a first extreme value t?t0?0 and a second extreme value t?t0+0 in the output of the measurement apparatus at time t0 where t is time in the measuring step, and t0 is time when the emission of the light source stops; and calculating a difference between the first extreme value t?t0?0 and the second extreme value t?t0+0.

Abstract: A dual-band reflective infrared thermal imaging system is described. The dual-band reflective infrared thermal imaging system includes a reflective infrared thermal imager and a refractive visible light video camera. The refractive visible light video camera is configured at the central axis of the reflective infrared thermal imager so that the refractive visible light video camera and the reflective infrared thermal imager can synchronously and coaxially capture the images. The reflective infrared thermal imager further includes a reflective optical module and an infrared imaging sensor. The infrared images are focused on the infrared imaging sensor by way of the reflective optical module.

Abstract: A plastic identifying apparatus according to the present invention identifies the kind of plastic in an object to be identified by using as an identification face at least two faces of a test piece (1) serving as the object to be identified. The plastic identifying apparatus according to the present invention includes an identifying and detecting portion (3, 4) for identifying the kind of the plastic included in the test piece (1) and a toppling system (7a, 7b) for toppling the test piece (1) by applying an external force to the test piece (1) in order to change the identification face of the test piece (1) facing the identifying and detecting portion (3, 4) from a first face (1a) to a second face (1b).

Abstract: An infrared sensor includes a plurality of reference pixel units 2 arranged in a matrix pattern and series capacitor elements 14 provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the reference pixel units 2. The reference pixel units 2 each include an output line 30, a reference capacitor element 13 connected via a switching element 17 between the output line and the ground, and a plurality of infrared-detecting capacitor elements 12 connected via associated switching elements 16 between the output line 30 and the ground. Each series capacitor element 14 is connected to the associated output line 30.

Abstract: Fast reconstruction methods are provided for 3D time-of-flight (TOF) positron emission tomography (PET), based on 2D data re-binning. Starting from pre-corrected 3D TOF data, a re-binning algorithm estimates for each transaxial slice the 2D TOF sinogram. The re-binned sinograms can then be reconstructed using any algorithm for 2D TOF reconstruction. A TOF-FORE (Fourier re-binning of TOF data) algorithm is provided as an approximate re-binning algorithm obtained by extending the Fourier re-binning method for non-TOF data. In addition, two partial differential equations are identified that must be satisfied by consistent 3D TOF data, and are used to derive exact re-binning algorithms and to characterize the degree of the approximation in TOF-FORE.

Abstract: An infrared (IR) camera and associated electronics including power are systems, including devices and methods, for infrared imaging that can be switched or reprogrammed to produce or display at least two images associated with at least two temperature ranges.

Abstract: The human body detection device comprises a pyroelectric-type sensor 7 for detecting presence of a human body and an infrared distance-measuring sensor 2 for detecting a distance to a human body H detected by the pyroelectric-type sensor 7 in combination. The infrared distance-measuring sensor 2 is provided with a plurality of infrared-ray emitting devices 3-0, . . . , 3-4 arranged in various directions of infrared-ray emission I1 for covering the whole detection range of the pyroelectric-type sensor 7. There are also provided a light receiving surface for making infrared rays I1? reflected by a detection object H incident thereon and position sensing devices 4 for outputting a signal indicating a distance to the object H according to a position of the incident light on the light receiving surface. The position sensing device 4 corresponding to a plurality of the infrared-ray emitting devices are housed in one housing 20. This human body detection device is small and low-cost.

Abstract: A method and system for controlling image quality in processing radiographic photothermographic sheet media. A cassette removably contains radiographic photothermographic sheet media and also has an information member. The information member stores information including size of the sheet media stored in the cassette and calibrated conditions for processing the sheet media. A thermal media processor processes an exposed sheet media in accordance with the calibrated processing conditions.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for measuring the fluorescence of nanodrop liquid samples is described in which the sample is held by surface tension between two anvil surfaces. Each anvil surface has an embedded optical fiber with its end finished flush with the surface in the containment area wetted by the sample with the fiber in line. Sample excitation is provided from the side of the sample remote from the containment area. By selection of the fiber transmission numeric aperture the impact of exciting and ambient light on the measurement is minimized. A method of virtual filtering is taught in which any ambient or exciting light that does impinge on the measuring sensor is corrected by subtracting a scaled representation of the source from the measurement. The method and apparatus is capable of detecting 1 femptomole of sodium fluorescein in 1 microliter of TE buffer.

Abstract: There is provided a method and a device of monitoring oil oxidation in real time. The method of the present invention comprises the steps of: irradiating ultraviolet light into oil to be monitored; measuring fluorescence emission intensity of the oil in red, green and blue wavelength bands; determining one value measured in a relatively long wavelength band and the other value measured in a relatively short wavelength band among the fluorescence emission intensity measured in the red, green and blue wavelength bands; calculating a fluorescence emission ratio which is defined as a ratio of the value measured in the relatively long wavelength band to the value measured in the relatively short wavelength band; and monitoring a change in the fluorescence emission ratio. It is then determined whether the fluorescence emission ratio reaches a predetermined critical magnitude. When the fluorescence emission ratio reaches the critical magnitude, the necessity of replacing the oil with new one is indicated.

Abstract: This is a processing circuit for a spectrometry chain including a particle radiation detector (21), including a charge preamplifier stage (20) receiving a current (I1) from the detector, representative of the amount of charges emitted by a particle which has interacted with the detector, and an integrator stage (26). A differentiator stage (25) is connected between the charge preamplifier stage (20) and the integrator stage (26), the differentiator stage (25) receiving a signal (V1) from the charge preamplifier stage (20) and delivering to the integrator stage (26), a signal (V2), image of the detector current (I1), the integrator stage (26) delivering, an image (V3) of the amount of charges emitted by a particle which has interacted with the detector. Application notably to the high energy single channel probes.

Abstract: A method includes a spectroscopic measurement step of pre-measuring a spectrum [S] of tera-hertz wave absorbencies of a target component for a plurality of frequencies ranging about from 1 THz to 3 THz, and an object spectroscopic step of irradiating an object with tera-hertz waves of the plurality of frequencies to measure absorbencies I of the object. Presence and absence of the target component in the object is determined on the basis of the spectrum [S] of the absorbancy S and the spectrum [I] of the absorbancy I of the object.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed herein to provide improved cameras and camera systems. For example, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, a networkable camera system is disclosed that is able to provide up to a 360° field of view and is operable during day and night conditions by utilizing thermal imagers.

Abstract: Disclosed is an imaging system and method for the non-pure positron emission tomography (NPET). The NPET comprises a PET subsystem to detect the annihilated photons, and a SPECT subsystem to detect the associated gamma. These two subsystems are connected by a triple coincidence circuit. The source position can be determined through detection of the three photons using the triple coincidence circuit. As long as these three photons are simultaneously detected and their energies are right, the source position is directly calculated and located on the intersection of an associated line and an annihilated line. The present invention provides good temporal resolution and quantitative analysis. It immunes to scatter and random events and achieves a high signal-to-noise ratio. Real imaging is also possible in the NPET system.

Abstract: One device embodiment includes a device for filtering radiation from a target region in multiple spectral bands. The device includes a number of optical quantum dot filters, each having a particular pass-through wavelength range, positioned on a rotatable disk.

Abstract: N+-type semiconductor regions 12d are formed on a front surface side of a p?-type layer 12c of a semiconductor substrate 12, and these n+-type semiconductor and p?-type semiconductor constitute photodiodes. A metal wire 14 electrically connected to an isolation region 12e is formed on a first insulating layer 13. The metal wire 14 is provided so that its edge covers pn junction portions (interfaces between p?-type layer 12c and n+-type semiconductor regions 12d) exposed on a light-incident surface of the semiconductor substrate 12 (p?-type layer 12c), above the pn junction portions, and is of grid shape. The metal wire 14 is grounded and the isolation region 12e is set at the ground potential.

Abstract: A method of detecting radiation that includes providing a layer of high purity single crystal CVD diamond, applying an electric field of no greater than 0.5 V/?m to the layer, exposing the layer to the radiation thereby generating a signal, and detecting the signal.