Abstract: Organic isocyanates are prepared by thermal decomposition of N,N'-disubstituted allophanic acid esters in an organic carbonate at from 150.degree. to 400.degree. C.The isocyanates obtainable by this process are valuable starting materials for the preparation of crop protection agents, pesticides, dyes, synthetic resins, plastics, textile waterproofing agents, detergents, bleaching agents and adhesives.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to light stable polyisocyanate adduct mixtures with an average functionality greater than 2.0 and an isocyanate content of between about 4 and 19 percent by weight based on solids, which has good compatibility with apolar solvents and good storage stability in a solution of polyisocyanate solvents. The polyisocyanate adduct mixtures are based on the reaction product of a polyisocyanate, preferably a biuret-containing polyisocyanate, with a first monohydroxy compound containing a saturated hydrocarbon chain of at least 8 carbon atoms and a second monohydroxy compound containing at least one polarity inducing group. Alternatively, both the saturated hydrocarbon chain and the polarity inducing group may be present in the same monohydroxy compound.The present invention is additionally directed to the use of the polyisocyanate adduct mixtures in the process of curing alkyd or acrylic resins and to compositions containing the adduct mixture and alkyd or acrylic resins.

Abstract: An aromatic isocyanate is formed directly from an aromatic hydrocarbon, nitric oxide and carbon monoxide by contacting a Group VII or Group VIII metal catalyst at a temperature between 350.degree. and 550.degree. C. with a feed stream of said reactants.

Abstract: Fluorobenzonitriles are prepared by reacting their corresponding chlorobenzonitriles with at least one alkali metal fluoride, in an aprotic solvent reaction medium, in the presence of at least one tertiary amine sequestering agent having the structural formula:N--CHR.sub.1 --CHR.sub.2 --O--(CHR.sub.2 --CHR.sub.4 --O).sub.n R.sub.5 ].sub.3.

Abstract: Iodophthalonitrile is prepared by mixing aminophthalonitrile with sulfuric acid at a temperature below 25.degree. C., reacting that product with sodium nitrite at a temperature below 15.degree. C., and reacting that product with potassium iodide at a temperature below 20.degree. C. A fluoroalkyl phthalonitrile is prepared by mixing fluoroalkyl iodide, activated copper, iodophthalonitrile, and a solvent under an inert atmosphere at a temperature from 110.degree. C. to 125.degree. C. at least until the solution turns green. Both compounds are useful in synthesizing phthalocyanines and polyphthalocyanines.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a substituted (cyclo) alkanecarboxylic acid .alpha.-cyano-3-phenoxy-benzyl ester of the formula ##STR1## in which R is alkyl or cycloalkyl optionally substituted by halogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl (which is optionally substituted by halogen and/or alkoxy), styryl (which is optionally substituted by halogen, and/or optionally halogen-substituted alkyl, alkoxy, alkylenedioxy and alkylthio radicals), spirocyclically linked, optionally halogen-substituted cycloalk(en)yl (which is optionally benzo-fused) or optionally substituted phenyl andR.sup.5 and R.sup.6 each independently is hydrogen or halogen, comprising adding an aqueous solution or suspension of at least an equimolar amount of a water-soluble cyanide to a mixture of an alkanecarboxylic acid chloride of the formulaR--CO--Cland a 3-phenoxy-benzaldehyde of the formula ##STR2## in a hydrocarbon solvent which is virtually immiscible with water at a temperature between about 0.degree. and 80.degree. C.

Abstract: 4-Tert.-butoxyphenylglycinonitrile (I) ##STR1## and a process for the preparation of D-(-)-4-hydroxyphenylglycine (IIa) and L-(+)-4-hydroxyphenylglycine (IIb) ##STR2## wherein compound I is reacted in a conventional manner, in alcoholic solution and in the presence of a carbonyl compound, with about the equimolar amount of L-(+)-tartaric acid or D-(-)-tartaric acid and the D-(-)-I-L-(+)-tartrate or L-(+)-I-D-(-)-tartrate thereby obtained in crystalline form is converted to IIa or IIb respectively in aqueous acid solution at 20.degree.-110.degree. C. by splitting off the L-(+)-tartaric acid or D-(-)-tartaric acid, hydrolyzing the nitrile group and hydrolytically splitting off the tert.-butyl group.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of phenylacetonitriles, carrying basic substituents, of the formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7 and R.sup.

Abstract: A pesticidal phenylacetate Y enantiomer pair is prepared by precipitating crystals of novel phenylacetate X enantiomer pair in the presence of crystals of phenylacetate X from a solution of racemic phenylacetate and recovering the filtrate rich in the Y enantiomer pair. The phenylacetate X crystals can be redissolved, epimerized and the epimerizaion product recycled to improve the yield of phenylacetate Y enantiomer pair.

Abstract: Phenolic compounds are etherified by contacting at elevated temperature with a mixture of methyl trichloroacetate and either a primary alkyl halide or an aromatic halide containing strongly electron-withdrawing groups in the presence of an initiator.

Abstract: 2,6-dibromo-4-cyanophenyl octanoates and other esters of 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile may be produced by reacting 4-hydroxybenzonitrile with bromine in the presence of an inert solvent and catalytic amounts of a basic heterocyclic aromatic compound or its hydrohalide, followed by removal of unreacted bromine and addition of octanoyl chloride or other acyl halide to the reaction mixture and recovery of the desired ester together with recyclable pyridine hydrohalide catalyst and solvent.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical dosage forms comprising an edible web having deposited thereon or at least partially thereon a particulate medicament, the webs being thereafter fabricated and finished to pharmaceutically elegant solid dosage forms having no medicament exposed on an exterior surface. The dosage forms have a consistency of release of medicament which can be controlled to exacting specifications. The disclosed solid dosage forms are prepared by high speed automated equipment and the process by which they are made is characterized by non-destructive quality control analysis and performance evaluation both conducted on-line and integrated into the manufacturing operation. Included in the scope of the disclosed invention are certain apparatus and methods of manufacture.

Abstract: Fluorine-containing phenylacetic acid esters of the formula ##STR1## in which R represents the radical of an alcohol customary in the case of pyrethroids,R.sup.1 represents C.sub.2-4 -alkyl, C.sub.2-4 -alkenyl or cyclopropyl,X represents H, halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, OCHF.sub.2, SCHF.sub.2, SCClF.sub.2 or SCF.sub.3 andX.sup.1 can vary widely or form a fused ring with X, the overall compound necessarily containing a fluorine atom, which compounds possess arthropodicidal properties. Intermediates therefor and an overall synthesis from an alcohol of the formula ROH and a toluene of the formula ##STR2## are also shown.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a 3-bromo-4-fluoro-benzaldehyde acetal of the formula: ##STR1## in which R each independently is a C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl group or the radicals R together are a C.sub.2 to C.sub.5 alkanediyl radical,comprising reacting 3-bromo-4-fluoro-phenylglyoxylic acid of the formula: ##STR2## with an amine of the formula:H.sub.2 N--R.sup.1in whichR.sup.1 is an alkyl, cycloalkyl or aryl radical, at a temperature between about 0.degree. and 200.degree. C. to produce a 3-bromo-4-fluoro-benzaldimine of the formula: ##STR3## and reacting that with an alcohol or alkanediol of the formula:(HO).sub.n --Rin which n is 1 or 2 in the presence of sulphuric acid at a temperature between about 0.degree. and 100.degree. C. Various of the reactants are new and syntheses are given.

Abstract: The invention relates to N-sulfenyl-N-methylcarbamates and salts thereof with inorganic and organic acids of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, R.sub.2 is hydrogen or methyl, and each of R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 is methyl or, together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, both are a cyclopentyl radical.A process for obtaining these compounds and their use in pest control are also described.

Abstract: (S) .alpha.-cyano-3-phenoxy-benzyl alcohol having the formula ##STR1## and a novel process for its preparation and novel intermediates.

Abstract: Halogenated tertiary alkyl isocyanates and a process for their preparation by reacting a tertiary alkyl isocyanate with halogen, sulfuryl chloride and/or sulfuryl bromide.The halogenated tertiary alkyl isocyanates prepared by the process of the invention are valuable starting materials for the preparation of pest control agents, fatliquoring agents, drugs, flameproofing agents, lubricating oils, synthetic resins and slip agents.

Abstract: This invention relates to a compound of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is ethyl or isopropyl;R.sub.2 is hydrogen, halogen, alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, alkoxy of 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a bivalent radical --CH.dbd.CH--CH.dbd.CH-- or --(CH.sub.2).sub.n --, where n is an integer from 3 to 5, inclusive, and the free bonds of said bivalent radical are attached to adjacent carbon atoms of the phenyl ring; andR.sub.3 is hydrogen or alkyl of 1 to 3 carbon atoms;R.sub.4 is alkyl of 1 to 3 carbon atoms; orR.sub.3 and R.sub.4, together with each other, are --(CH.sub.2).sub.p --, where p is an integer from 4 to 6, inclusive,or a non-toxic, pharmacologically acceptable acid addition salt thereof. The compounds of formula I are useful for treatment and prophylaxis of diseases of the coronaries, for treatment of hypertension, and for treatment of cardiac arrhythmia, particularly tachycardia.

Abstract: A 3-(2,chloro-3,3,4,4,4-pentafluoro-1-butenyl)-2,2-dimethyl-cycloproanecarbo xylic acid ester of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 represents hydrogen, cyano or an alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl radical with in each case up to 4 carbon atoms, andR.sup.2 represents a phenyl radical which is substituted by fluorine and/or by optionally fluorine-substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.2 -alkylenedioxy and/or by optionally fluorine-substituted phenoxy, with the proviso that the radical R.sup.2 contains a total of at least one fluorine-substituent which possesses insecticidal and acaricidal activity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a free-flowing, dry, granular powder comprising the reaction product of 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate and resorcinol, the product having an isocyanate group content of from 27 to 31% by weight, and to the process for manufacture thereof.