Abstract: In a conveyor system with a radiant heating system, convection is provided with hollow elongated tubes having small holes for providing a gentle air flow toward a workpiece to heat the workpiece with convection and radiation.

Abstract: A method for producing a silica glass for photolithography, which comprises the following steps: jetting a starting material gas, an oxygen gas and a hydrogen gas from a burner and depositing and consolidating silica glass powder on a target to form an ingot having a growing direction, where the ingot is grown in such a manner that at least a part of glass synthesis face on the ingot having the silica glass powder deposited and consolidated is a plane substantially perpendicular to the growing direction of the ingot, thereby to obtain the ingot having a portion in which striae are substantially perpendicular to the growing direction of the ingot; and cutting out of the ingot the portion in which the striae are substantially perpendicular to the growing direction of the ingot, thereby to obtain a silica glass having striae which are substantially parallel to each other and are planar.

Abstract: Apparatus and a concomitant method for electrostatically depositing select doses of medicament powder at select locations on a substrate. Specifically, the apparatus contains a charged particle emitter for generating charged particles that charge a predefined region of a substrate and a charge accumulation control circuit for computing the amount of charge accumulated upon the substrate and deactivating the emitter when a selected quantity of charge has accumulated. Additionally, a triboelectric charging apparatus charges the medicament powder and forms a charged medicament cloud proximate the charged region of the substrate. The medicament particles within the medicament cloud electrostatically adhere to the charged region. The quantity of charge accumulated on the substrate at the predefined region and the charge-to-mass ratio of the medicament powder in the cloud control the amount (dose) of medicament deposited and retained by the substrate.

Abstract: A paper comprises 5 to 100% by weight of a thermotropic aromatic polyester pulp with constituting fibers having an average fiber diameter of at least 0.1 .mu.m and less than 10 .mu.m and substantially no branches, and is obtained by a process which comprises wet forming a paper material comprising 5 to 100% by weight of the above pulp which is obtained from sea-islands fibers comprising an islands component of the thermotropic aromatic polyester and a sea component of another polymer by dissolving or decomposing off the sea component before or after cutting the fibers to an average length of not more than 5 mm. The paper has excellent strength, texture, electric insulation property and like properties.

Abstract: A method of coating an interior surface of a metal tube with a coating material including the steps of filling the tube with a fluid degradable transport material containing a dispersion of the coating material, rotating the tube, and induction heating the tube to a fusion point of the coating material.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of an object displaying a message includes the following steps: preparation of a support for the message having dimensions less than the dimensions of the object; manual or automatic application of the message to the support; introduction of the support carrying the message on its surface into a molten transparent material so as to surround the support with a sufficient quantity of molten transparent material to enable subsequent formation of a transparent body which completely surrounds the support; and formation of the transparent body by thermomechanical means.

Abstract: For distributing stock evenly across the face of a tube bank in a papermaking machine, the stock supply header has an increasing change in cross-sectional area per unit width traveling from the inlet end to the recirculation end of the header. The header top wall converges toward the bottom wall, while the rear wall converges toward the front wall. The change in cross-sectional area down the header from the inlet end to the recirculation end is thus closely matched to an ideally parabolic shape.

Abstract: The invention proposes a jet device for a machine for producing a material web, in particular a paper or board web, having a nozzle device for dispensing a jet of liquid which is under pressure and is directed onto the material web and/or a transport belt guiding the material web. A changeover device by which the pressure with which the medium impinges on the transport belt or the material web, respectively, can be set.

Abstract: A blade holder for disposing a blade proximate to a roll for transporting a continuous web of material includes a blade positioned transversely to a direction of movement of a continuous web of material. The blade tensioning device is disposed on a blade supporting beam extending transversely to the direction of movement of the web, the blade supporting beam swivelable and oscillatable transversely to the direction of movement of the web. The holder includes a supporting element and a stand having a bracket upon which a first drag bearing is disposed, the supporting element rotatably supported by the first drag bearing. A second drag bearing links the supporting element, the blade supporting beam, and a lever. The holder also includes a swiveling device for swiveling the blade supporting beam from a working position to a maintenance position and a positioning device for adjusting a blade working angle.

Abstract: A machine for terminating a computer chip with one or more stripes of a solderable paste, comprising a feed plate wheel defined by an outer marginal edge and having an upper exposed plate surface inclined to the horizontal against which an inventory of 3-dimensional chips is placed for loading, at least one narrow groove formed in the exposed plate surface directed outwardly toward the marginal edge wall and arranged to pass through the inventory and receive therein at least one of the chips in restricted orientation, a transfer cavity defined by enclosed side walls and a floor depending from the groove inboard the outer marginal edge for receipt therein of a chip from the groove in fixed orientation, the outer marginal edge wall having an aperture formed therethrough for transferring the chip from the cavity and, a transport device for urging the chip in a specific fixed orientation from the cavity outward through the aperture in a direction different than the direction from which the chip entered the cavity

Abstract: A grounded insulated electrostatic supply tank comprised of a conductive tank that has several liners to fully insulate a waterborn fluid in the tank from ground. The interior of the tank and a sealed lid are coated with an insulating liner. An intermediate lining is placed in the tank and third interior insulating inner liner is inserted in the tank and has a lip that wraps around the upper rim of the tank and is sealed between the lid and the tank. Electrostatic spray equipment is connected to the tank by a coaxial hose having an inner non-conductive hose and preferably, an outer hose that is conductive. Inner non-conductive hose extends through the lid into an insulating teflon pick-up tube that extends to near the bottom of the tank. Depleted waterborn fluid in the tank is grounded after use by a manual probe or by a piston operated automatic grounding system.

Abstract: A machine system and process for producing attrition resistant, controlled release fertilizer is described. In the process, a prewet solution is used to initially coat the plant nutrient to be coated followed by the separate application of the individual components used in the coating. The machine system provides an improved means for uniformly applying a single layer or multiple layers of polymer coatings to the plant nutrient.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an optical waveguide comprises a first step of laminating, on one major surface of a first glass material, a second glass material to a desired thickness, the second glass material having optical characteristics different from those of the first glass material, a second step of forming the second glass material to have a desired circuit pattern, and a third step of laminating a third glass material having optical characteristics similar to those of the first glass material on an entire surface of the first glass material on which the circuit pattern is formed by the second glass material. In at least one of the first and third steps, the glass material to be laminated is laminated by coupling.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for producing continuous glass filaments. The apparatus comprises a feeder (20) for supplying streams of molten glass to be drawn into continuous filaments, a drawing device (40) adapted to draw the streams into the filaments, and heat removal apparatus (50) located adjacent to the feeder for transferring energy in the form of heat away from a filament forming area adjacent to the feeder. The heat removal apparatus includes first and second manifolds (52a, 54) through which a cooling fluid circulates, a plurality of fins (56) having first and second ends (56a and 56b) and interface material (58). The first ends of the fins are associated with the first manifold and the second ends are positioned adjacent to the second manifold. The first ends may be fixedly connected to the first manifold. The interface material is interposed between the second manifold and the second ends to provide a path for energy in the form of heat to flow from the fins to the second manifold.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method for producing low sintering fine-particle multicomponent glass powder having a particle size of the primary particle in the nanometer range. The method utilizes microemulsion techniques with subsequent separation of the particles out of the emulsion and calcination for utilization as glass flow having a sintering temperature <900.degree. C. or in a glass flow, for generating thin transparent layers or for generating color decorations on glass, glass ceramic or ceramic substrates after adding a coloring pigment to the glass flow. The microemulsion for producing the nanoscale glass powder particles is generated from a nonionic ambiphilic emulsifier with a component of 10 to 15 percent by weight on the emulsion, from an oil phase having a portion of 50 to 70 percent by weight and a glass precursor-containing aqueous salt solution having a portion of up to 31.3 percent by weight with salt contents of up to 45 percent by weight.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process of forming ceramic tiles having the appearance of tiles produced from clays. The process includes melting a material to form a glass melt, treating the glass melt to produce a solid glass product, grinding the solid glass product to produce glass particles having a particle size of less than 200 microns, mixing the glass particles with a first additive to form a glass powder mixture having a composition of 55 to 99 wt. % glass particles and 45-1 wt. % first additive, forming the glass powder mixture into tiles by dry pressing, where the tiles have a primary crystalline phase selected from the group consisting of nepheline, diopside, anorthite, wollastonite, melilite, merwinite, spinel, akermanite, gehlenite, crystalline phases based on iron substitutions in the crystalline phase, and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A friction material and process of forming a friction material embodies a slurry of aramid, acrylic and carbon fibers, together with kaolin clay and aluminum oxide used as fillers in a phenolic resin binder. The matrix formed by the fibers entraps a relatively large quantity of carbon particles. The carbon particles comprise more than forty or fifty percent of the weight of the material. During the process of formation, the slurry is de-watered to reduce moisture content to the order of two percent before the resin binder is cured under heat and pressure.

Abstract: A screen system for a digester for continuous cooking under raised pressure and temperature of fiber material in a vertical vessel, where input of fiber material and cooking liquid takes place at the top of the digester, withdrawal of spent cooking liquor is carried out from at least one digester screening arrangement (1D) between the top and the bottom of the digester, and fiber material is fed out from the bottom (1C) of the digester, wherein at least one of said screening arrangements (1, 2) has at least one screen element (2A) of which the main configuration is circular and which is assembled by means of welding, and which is fitted into the digester shell by means of welding.

Abstract: The invention involves a fluid treatment device to solution or melt impregnate a resin or polymer or any combination thereof into a reinforcement which can be utilized to fabricate composite materials for laminates, circuit boards, structural/aerospace materials, automotive components, etc. The invention offers significant advantages and benefits over existing methods and equipment and allows the impregnation process to be performed at lower cost and higher efficiency with increased environmental safety.

Abstract: The present invention refers to an under felt inclined flat former for making multilayer or monolayer sheets of paper comprising a plurality of forming units arranged along a production line. Each of the forming units is supported on corresponding rigid supports and is provided with a rolls system on which the forming unit rests when the support are removed, in such a manner that the selected forming unit can be removed from the production line for cleaning or maintenance purposes, without interrupting the operation of the former equipment.