Abstract: A deposition apparatus (20) comprising: a chamber (22); a process gas source (62) coupled to the chamber; a vacuum pump (52) coupled to the chamber; at least two electron guns (26); one or more power supplies (30) coupled to the electron guns; a plurality of crucibles (32,33,34) positioned or positionable in an operative position within a field of view of at least one said electron gun; and a part holder (170) having at least one operative position for holding parts spaced above the crucibles by a standoff height H. The standoff height H is adjustable in a range including at least 22 inches.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the manufacturing of an optical article comprising forming a multilayered coating on at least one face of an uncoated or coated substrate,and forming on the outermost layer of said multilayered coating, a layer-by-layer (LbL) coating exposed to environment, said LbL coating comprising at least two bilayers, each bilayer being formed successively by: i) applying a first layer composition comprising at least one compound A having a first electrical charge; ii) applying, directly onto the first layer resulting from i), a second layer composition comprising at least one compound B having a second electrical charge, said second electrical charge being opposite to said first electrical charge; iii) repeating at least once steps i) and ii), with the provisos that: -each of compounds A and B is independently chosen from polysaccharide polymers and colloids of metal oxide such as TiO2 and ZrO2 or silicon oxide, with the proviso that at least one of the compounds A and B is a poly

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for vapor deposition of an organic film are configured to vaporize an organic reactant at a first temperature, transport the vapor to a reaction chamber housing a substrate, and maintain the substrate at a lower temperature than the vaporization temperature. Alternating contact of the substrate with the organic reactant and a second reactant in a sequential deposition sequence can result in bottom-up filling of voids and trenches with organic film in a manner otherwise difficult to achieve. Deposition reactors conducive to depositing organic films are provided.

Abstract: Methods and devices to synthesize vertically aligned carbon nanotube (VACNT) arrays directly on a catalytic conductive substrate without addition of an external metallic catalyst layer and without any pretreatment to the substrate surface using a plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) method are provided. A method comprises providing a catalytic conductive substrate, that has not been pretreated through a plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) method or other methods, to a PECVD device, etching the catalytic conductive substrate to form catalytically active nano-features on the surface of the catalytic conductive substrate, and growing vertically aligned carbon nanotubes on the surface of the catalytic conductive substrate, without an external metallic catalyst layer, by providing a carbon source gas to the catalytic conductive substrate.

Abstract: A method for producing a reflector on a reflector base made of glass is provided. According to the method, a metal-containing coating fluid is deposited on a coating surface and subjected to a burning-in treatment at a temperature below a softening temperature of the glass forming the reflector layer. Deposition of the coating fluid proceeds using a contactless method by inkjet technology. This makes it possible to deposit a reflector layer in a reproducible way and with tight tolerances having a specified layer thickness, as well as to create clean edges without a printing block or similar device. The coating fluid is moved by a print head equipped with a plurality of nozzles and is movable in a movement plane relative to the coating surface. The coating fluid is sprayed onto the coating surface by the print head under pressure and in the form of droplets emerging from the nozzles.

Abstract: A method of filling recesses in a substrate with tungsten includes preparing the substrate within a chamber of a film forming apparatus, performing a first cycle at least once, the first cycle comprising introducing a tungsten-containing precursor gas into the chamber, purging the chamber, introducing a hydrogen-containing gas into the chamber, and purging the chamber, and performing a second cycle at least once after the first cycle is performed at least once, the second cycle comprising introducing the tungsten-containing precursor gas into the chamber, purging the chamber, introducing the hydrogen-containing gas into the chamber, and purging the chamber. A pressure in the chamber when the second cycle is performed is set to a pressure lower than a pressure in the chamber when the first cycle is performed.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a method for preparing a polymer thin film with water repellency and oil repellency, including: thermally decomposing a thermal initiator to form a radical; reacting the radical with a monomer mixture of a specific composition to synthesize a polymer; and depositing the synthesized polymer on a substrate, and a polymer thin film with water repellency and oil repellency including a polymer resin including (meth)acrylate-based repeat units substituted with a fluorine-containing functional group and repeat units derived from a compound including at least two reactive functional groups at a specific ratio.

Abstract: This invention relates to an optically clear film of predominantly thermoplastic polyester base layer and a carbodiimide-crosslinked, polyester and polymethylmethacrylate blend primer layer. The base layer preferably has a particle-free core layer and outer layers containing nonpolyester, organic and/or inorganic particles. The primer layer is preferably applied to the base layer from solution that is organic solvent-free. The primer layer and base layer composite can be laminated with a protective layer of primarily acrylic polymer to form a solar control film. Functional additives, such as UV light blockers, can be present in various layers of the solar control film. Polymethylmethacrylate in the primer, especially in combination with crosslinking by the carbodiimide, provides the acrylic coated polyester base solar control film with notably reduced iridescence. Adhesion between the acrylic layer applied from organic solvent solutions and the polyester layers is durable in moist and warm service conditions.

Abstract: A method and a device for coating may involve continuously supplying a precursor, in some cases at a constant precursor level, to a plurality of coating modules. As a result, a continuous coating operation is ensured. Moreover, one such method for supplying a precursor to a plurality of coating modules of a coating device may be employed where, for example, the coating modules have a pick-off device and a supply line, the supply line which may be configured as a riser at least in some regions. Precursor may be supplied by the supply line to the pick-off device of the coating module.

Abstract: The invention is related to a method for producing silicone hydrogel contact lenses with having a stable coating thereon. A method of the invention comprises a water-based coating process (step) for forming a relatively-stable base coating of a homo- or copolymer of acrylic acid or C1-C3 alkylacrylic acid onto a silicone hydrogel contact lens made from a lens formulation comprising from about 35% to about 60% by weight of N-vinylpyrrolidone.

Abstract: Provided are a method for fabricating nano structures which includes: preparing a substrate; preparing a polymer including a plurality of metal atoms; applying the polymer to the substrate to attach the metal atoms onto the substrate; and making one or more metallic nano particles from the metal atoms.

Abstract: Embodiments include a method for controlled cooling of a heated stage. The method includes setting a stage coupling to a maximum value and heating the stage to a process temperature. The method includes providing a wafer on the heated stage in a process chamber. The method includes performing a process on the wafer and reducing the heating stage coupling to a predetermined minimum value and reducing the heated stage temperature. The method includes removing the wafer from the heated stage and the process chamber. The heated stage is covered with a plurality of pixels, each pixel of the plurality of pixels include a level of emissivity and are equipped with an emissivity control device configured to independently adjust the level of emissivity of the pixel. The heated stage coupling is configured to achieve a predetermined radiative coupling and control the wafer cooling rate and target temperature.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of anti-fog coatings on lenses is provided. The method includes: a lens assembling step, a lens spraying step, a pre-drying step, a curing step and a lens obtaining step. In the lens assembling step, a plurality of lenses are disposed on a base of a movable carrier. In the lens spraying step, the plurality of lenses are moved to a spraying device and sprayed with a light-curable anti-fog material on a surface thereof. In the pre-drying step, any extra light-curable anti-fog materials are removed from the plurality of lenses by a suction device. In the curing step, the plurality of lenses are placed into a light curing apparatus and radiated by the ultraviolet lights to form an anti-fog coating on the surface of the plurality of lenses. In the lens obtaining step, the plurality of lenses are taken out of the light curing apparatus.

Abstract: There is provided a method of preparing a surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) particle comprising the step of encapsulating a plurality of Raman molecules on the surface of a metallic core with a biocompatible protective shell at an elevated temperature selected to decrease the encapsulation time by more than one-fold relative to an encapsulation performed at 20° C.

Abstract: A method to increase the damping of a substrate using a face-centered cubic damping material foil containing voids.

Abstract: Methods of fabricating optical lenses and mirrors, systems and composite structures based on diffractive waveplates, and fields of application of said lenses and mirrors that include imaging systems, astronomy, displays, polarizers, optical communication and other areas of laser and photonics technology. Diffractive lenses and mirrors of shorter focal length and larger size, with more closely spaced grating lines, and with more exacting tolerances on the optical characteristics, can be fabricated than could be fabricated by previous methods.

Abstract: Provided is a method for supplying a deposition material including a heating step of heating and evaporating a deposition material accommodated in a material accommodating section in which the deposition material is accommodated, a supply step of supplying the deposition material into the material accommodating section by feeding and melting a deposition material in a solid phase toward the melted deposition material in the material accommodating section, and a melted state detection step of detecting a melted state of the deposition material in the solid phase after supply in the supply step.

Abstract: The fabrication of robust interfaces between transition metal oxides and non-aqueous electrolytes is one of the great challenges of lithium ion batteries. Atomic layer deposition (ALD) of aluminum tungsten fluoride (AlWxFy) improves the electrochemical stability of LiCoO2. AlWxFy thin films were deposited by combining trimethylaluminum and tungsten hexafluoride. in-situ quartz crystal microbalance and transmission electron microscopy studies show that the films grow in a layer-by-layer fashion and are amorphous nature. Ultrathin AlWxFy coatings (<10 ?) on LiCoO2 significantly enhance stability relative to bare LiCoO2 when cycled to 4.4 V. The coated LiCoO2 exhibited superior rate capability (up to 400 mA/g) and discharge capacities at a current of 400 mA/g were 51% and 92% of the first cycle capacities for the bare and AlWxFy coated materials.

Abstract: Planarization of defects in laser mirror and other optical component manufacture is disclosed. The planarization is performed by first depositing a relatively thick planarization layer, then carrying out a sequential deposition and etch process. The technique takes advantage of the non-uniform material removal rate as a function of etchant incident angle, and effectively buries the inclusion in a thick film with a near planar top surface. The process enables faster, more reliable manufacture of a non-defective high fluence multilayer mirror particularly suitable for high energy laser applications.

Abstract: Provided is a method for manufacturing an optical fiber preform. In a premixing step, a source-material-containing gas containing organosilicon is mixed with premix-use oxygen gas so as to obtain a premixed source material gas. In the premixing step, the premix-use oxygen gas has a temperature greater than or equal to a liquefaction temperature of the organosilicon, the liquefaction temperature being determined depending on an amount of the organosilicon contained in the premixed source material gas.