Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of organometallic salt compositions as lubricant additives and/or lubricant additive compositions to alleviate the formation of white etching cracks (WEC).

Abstract: A process for upgrading a hydrocarbon feed includes contacting the hydrocarbon feed with hydrogen in the presence of a ring opening catalyst in a naphthene conversion unit, the contacting causing naphthenes in the hydrocarbon feed to react to produce a converted effluent comprising isoparaffins and normal paraffins. The process includes separating the converted effluent in a paraffin separation system to produce an isoparaffin-rich stream and an n-paraffin-rich stream. The process includes contacting the isoparaffin-rich stream with hydrogen in the presence of an isomerization catalyst in a reverse isomerization unit, the contacting causing isomerization to produce an isomerate comprising an equilibrium mixture of normal paraffins and isoparaffins. The process include separating the isomerate in the paraffin separation system to produce the isoparaffin-rich stream and the n-paraffin-rich stream, and passing the n-paraffin-rich stream to a steam cracker to produce a cracker effluent comprising olefins.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the manufacture of a combustible material having a lower heating value of 5.29 MWh/t or more. According to the invention, such a method comprises continuously introducing of a predetermined volume per minute of wood fragments into a pressurised reactor; exposing the wood fragments to steam at a temperature of between 200 and 220° C. for a time of between 5 and 9 minutes, the value of said exposure time and the value of the temperature of said steam being selected so that the severity factor is between 4.05 and 4.15; continuously extracting from said reactor the same predetermined volume of wood fragments per minute, through a plurality of orifices opening into a conduit at substantially atmospheric pressure; separating said decompressed wood fragments and the residual steam extracted from said reactor, said wood fragments obtained after separation forming said combustible material.

Abstract: Fuel gas compositions for use in metal fabrication are provided comprising fuel gases comprising a base fuel gas mixed with from about 1% to less than 30% hydrogen.

Abstract: Low sulfur fuel oil blend compositions and methods of making such blend compositions to increase the stability and compatibility of LSFO blends having paraffinic resids that are blended with distillates and/or cracked stocks of higher asphaltenes and/or aromatics content. In one or more embodiments, distillates and/or cracked stocks that incrementally reduce the initial aromaticity of the distillate or cracked stock with the highest aromaticity are sequentially blended prior to resid addition. Such incremental reduction and sequential blending have been found to provide a resulting low sulfur fuel oil blend that is both compatible and stable.

Abstract: Systems and methods to provide low carbon intensity (CI) ethanol through one or more targeted reductions of carbon emissions based upon an analysis of carbon emissions associated with a combination of various options for feedstock procurement, feedstock refining, processing, or transformation, and ethanol distribution pathways to end users. Such options are selected to maintain the total CI (carbon emissions per unit energy) of the ethanol below a pre-selected threshold that defines an upper limit of CI for the ethanol.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polybutene-free lubricating composition, a method for lubricating a compressor using said lubricating composition and a method for pressurizing olefin in a compressor lubricated with said lubricating composition, the use of said lubricating composition for lubricating a compressor, a method of pressurizing olefin in a compressor lubricated with said lubricating composition and a method of preparing a high pressure polyolefin using a high pressure compressor lubricated with said lubricating composition.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to lubricating compositions including effective amounts of molybdenum from an oil-soluble molybdenum compound and a magnesium boost in the detergent system to achieve passing motor friction and valve train wear performance.

Abstract: In one embodiment, thermite matches are provided. For instance, thermite matches as described herein may be constructed as a multi-staged formulation comprising an outer ignition tip, an optional inner transition tip, and a bulk fuel thermite stage. The outer ignition tip may comprise an ignition compound that can be struck/scraped against an abrasive counter-chemical surface (e.g., red phosphorous) to initiate the reaction. The outer ignition tip can reach a first burn temperature that can further ignite the inner transition tip stage, which can in turn burn at a temperature that reaches the ignition temperature of the bulk fuel thermite. The high burn temperature of the thermite match may then be used to ignite other materials, such as hard-to-ignite materials, such as a thermite rod for cutting or welding. Other embodiments provide for thermite match handles and a two-piece ignition thermite matches.

Abstract: A fluorine-containing ether compound represented by the following formula (1) is provided. R1—CH2—R2—CH2—R3 (1) (In the formula (1), R1 is an alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, R2 is a perfluoropolyether chain, R3 is —OCH2CH(OH)CH2O(CH2)mOH (in in the formula is an integer of 2 to 4).

Abstract: A low sulfur diesel blockage inhibitor as shown in formula (I), a preparation method therefor, and use thereof are provided. In formula (I), x and y are each an integer between 0 and 4; m and n are each selected from H, a C1-C6 linear or branched alkyl group, or a C3-C6 cycloalkyl group. By using a vegetable oil as a raw material, a modified vegetable oil fatty acid is first obtained, and then a polar group of an unsaturated dialdehyde with a certain chain length is introduced into a molecular chain of the modified vegetable oil fatty acid.

Abstract: Fuel oil compositions, and methods for blending such fuel oil compositions, to enhance initial compatibility and longer term stability when such fuel oil compositions are blended to meet IMO 2020 low sulfur fuel oil requirements (ISO 8217). In one or more embodiments, asphaltenic resid base stocks are blended with high aromatic slurry oil to facilitate initial compatibility such that low sulfur cutter stocks, e.g., vacuum gas oil and/or cycle oil, may be further blended therein to cut sulfur content while maintaining longer term stability. These fuel oil compositions are economically advantageous when used as marine low sulfur fuel oils because greater concentrations of high viscosity resids are present in the final blend.

Abstract: A method of processing a hydrocarbon feed may comprise fractionating the hydrocarbon feed into a light stream, a middle stream and a heavy stream; hydrotreating the heavy stream to form a hydrotreated heavy stream; feeding the light stream to a first Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) reaction zone; feeding the middle stream to a second FCC reaction zone; and feeding the hydrotreated heavy stream to a third Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) reaction zone. The light stream may comprise hydrocarbons boiling at less than 200° C. The middle stream may comprise hydrocarbons boiling at from 200° C. to 370° C. The heavy stream may comprise hydrocarbons boiling at greater than greater than 370° C. Each of the first and second FCC reaction zones may operate under more severe operating conditions than the third FCC reaction zone.

Abstract: An object is to provide a viscosity index improver composition that is capable of properly regulating the HTHS viscosity in the effective temperature range of a lubricating oil composition to a lower range, and a lubricating oil composition containing the viscosity index improver composition, and the viscosity index improver composition contains a comb-shaped polymer (A) containing a structural unit derived from a macromonomer (?) and a structural unit derived from a particular monomer (A1), the macromonomer (?) having a (meth)acryloyl group at one end, and having a structural unit derived from a monomer (?1) selected from butadiene and hydrogenated butadiene.

Abstract: Helix shaped fire tinder, and fire tinder integration into a corkscrew to provide an easy secure carrying and readily available storage solution for the user. An apparatus for manufacturing a helix shaped fire tinder. A process including a means of making a fully waterproof helix shaped tinder.

Abstract: A transmission fluid composition contains a major amount of a lubricating oil basestock, and a minor amount of an additive package comprising: (i) a mixture comprising two or more phosphites and/or phosphates; (ii) one or more thioester compounds; (iii) a detergent comprising calcium salicylate; and (iv) a poly(alkylene amine)-based ashless dispersant endcapped with metallocene-catalyzed PAO arms. Such a transmission fluid may be used for controlling/reducing wear in at least partially electrically-powered transmissions and/or for cooling/insulating electrical/electronic components of at least partially electrically-powered drivetrains.

Abstract: A method of monitoring renewable carbon in fuel streams in a refinery or blend facility while co-processing a bio-feedstock with a fossil feedstock or blending a renewable product with a fossil product wherein the method provides for quantification of renewable C14 carbon content to adjust the total renewable content to a targeted renewable content in situ while lowering the limit of detection.

Abstract: Described herein are associative polymers capable of controlling a physical and/or chemical property of non-polar compositions and related compositions, methods and systems. Associative polymers herein described have a non-polar backbone and functional groups presented at ends of the non-polar backbone, with a number of the functional groups presented at the ends of the non-polar backbone formed by associative functional groups capable of undergoing an associative interaction with another associative functional group with an association constant (k) such that the strength of each associative interaction is less than the strength of a covalent bond between atoms and in particular less than the strength of a covalent bond between backbone atoms.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a nitrogen-containing terpolymer biodiesel solidification point depressant, and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method includes the following steps: 1) respectively preparing methylacrylic acid high carbon ester and N-hexadecyl methacrylamide; 2) adding the methylacrylic acid high carbon ester, the N-hexadecyl methacrylamide, and vinyl acetate to a solvent, and adding an initiator for polymerization to yield a methylacrylic acid high carbon ester-N-hexadecyl methacrylamide-vinyl acetate terpolymer, i.e., a nitrogen-containing terpolymer biodiesel solidification point depressant.

Abstract: Systems and methods to provide low carbon intensity (CI) hydrogen through one or more targeted reductions of carbon emissions based upon an analysis of carbon emissions associated with a combination of various options for feedstock procurement, feedstock refining, processing, or transformation, and hydrogen distribution pathways to end users. Such options are selected to maintain the total CI (carbon emissions per unit energy) of the hydrogen below a pre-selected threshold that defines an upper limit of CI for the hydrogen.