Abstract: System and method of manufacturing a laminated three-dimensional (3D) metallic object. The method includes: providing a plurality of foils of metal; marking portions of some of the foils in the plurality of foils with a marking agent that includes a material having electrochemical potential higher than the metal; bonding the plurality of marked foils into a block; and selectively etching parts of the block not in proximity to the marking agent.

Abstract: A machine component includes a first region having a first linear expansion coefficient, and a second region having a second linear expansion coefficient greater than the first linear expansion coefficient and joined to the first region. A region including an outer periphery of an interface between the first region and the second region is inclined toward the second region side over the entire periphery. On a surface of the first region, a groove is formed to extend along the outer periphery of the interface.

Abstract: The present invention relates in particular to a mold (M) for aluminothermic welding of a metal rail (1), which comprises at least two substantially identical pieces or shells (4), configured to be temporarily assembled opposite one another and on either side of said rail (1) to enclose the head (10), web (11) and foot (12) of this rail (1), each piece or shell (4) having an upper opening (43), which opens onto an internal cavity (44) bounded by walls (45, 46, 48) configured to enclose the head (10), the web (11) and the foot (12) of said rail (1), characterized by the fact that said internal cavity (44) comprises a compressible sealing coating (5) only against the walls (451, 46, 48) configured to enclose said web (11), foot (12) and underside of the head (10), with the exception of the rest of the head (10) and the underside of the foot (12).

Abstract: A solder reflow oven may include a reflow chamber and a plurality of vertically spaced apart wafer-support plates positioned in the reflow chamber. A plurality of semiconductor wafers each including a solder are configured to be disposed in the reflow chamber such that each semiconductor wafer is disposed proximate to, and vertically spaced apart from, a wafer-support plate. Each wafer-support plate may include at least one of liquid-flow channels or resistive heating elements. A control system control the flow of a hot liquid through the channels or activate the heating elements to heat a wafer to a temperature above the solder reflow temperature.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device and a method for changing the welding direction of the welding shoulder of a system for a friction stir welding process virtually without delay when required by the geometric arrangement of the joint partners to be welded or by a material unevenness, having the following method features: a) a main part (1) with a horizontally movable bridge support (5) has a friction welding head (12) which can be vertically adjusted together therewith and which has a pin receiving area (13) for mounting and driving a welding pin tip (14), wherein the welding shoulder (18) has a welding shoulder receiving area (17) which is supported at multiple points, and b) the welding shoulder receiving area (17) can be adjusted to any angle of attack relative to the joint partners by means of different push-pull rods (16) during the welding process.

Abstract: The abutment portion touches with a shoulder surface of a joining tool for friction stir welding. The tip portion is freely movable in a first direction connecting a surface of the workpiece and the shoulder surface in a state of contacting the surface of the workpiece. The detector is configured to detect a position of the tip portion in the first direction. The output unit is configured to output a data of the position of the tip portion in the first direction detected by the detector. The controller is configured to calculate a position of the tip portion to the abutment portion from the data of the position output from the output unit, and to calculate a distance between the shoulder surface of the joining tool and the surface of the workpiece.

Abstract: A self-reacting friction stir welding (SR-FSW) tool includes a crown shoulder having a central bore and a pin that extends through the crown shoulder's central bore. The central bore includes a first region at a first axial end of the crown shoulder, a second region axially adjacent to the first region, and a third region axially adjacent to the second region. The first region and third region have a diameter that provides sliding contact with the pin. The pin and crown shoulder have an annular gap there between at the second region of the central bore.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device and method for avoiding an interruption in the welding process during friction stir welding, in particular breakage of the friction pin, wherein the device has: g) at least three strip-like sensors (8), oriented at an angle of 120 degrees to one another, on the long sides of a wedge-shaped tool dome (7), wherein the tool dome (7) guides a welding pin (19) by means of a tool receiving cone (28) and a welding shoe (11), and the sensors (8) are configured to determined force, pressure and travel, h) a conical evaluation means in the lower region of the tool receiving cone (28), which serves to receive a sensor (22) for sensing the axial force, the torque and the bending moment on the welding pin (19), i) a piezoelectric vertical adjustment means for the welding pin (19), j) an arrangement of a laser measuring sensor (10) in the region of the welding shoe (11), the directivity of which passes over a round hole (27) in the passage region of the pin tip (12), wherein an airborne no

Abstract: A method of operating a linear friction welding system in one embodiment includes establishing a ram vibration amplitude by positioning a stop of a phase change assembly and positioning the phase change assembly in different configurations to establish different phase relationships between two eccentrically engaged power shafts while one of the power shafts is driven by a timing component and the other power shaft is driven by the timing component through the phase change assembly. In one phase change assembly configuration a ram operably connected to one of two components to be welded does not vibrate when the first power shaft and the second power shaft rotate while in another phase change assembly configuration the ram vibrates. Pressure between the two components is controlled to provide scrub pressure when the ram vibrates and forge pressure when the ram is no longer vibrating.

Abstract: An ultrasonic welding assembly comprising a sonotrode having a first body portion, a first nodal region, a welding region, a second nodal region, and a second body portion; a transducer rotationally connected to the second body portion for transmitting acoustic vibrations to the welding region; a roller device connected to the transducer and sonotrode for permitting axial rotation of the transducer and sonotrode; a support device flexibly connected to the roller device for maintaining axial alignment of the transducer and sonotrode relative to a target welding area; a mount for supporting the sonotrode; and four frictionless bearings positioned around the nodal regions of the sonotrode, wherein the frictionless bearings are attached to the mount.

Abstract: A friction stir welding tool includes a probe having a front end surface and an outer circumferential surface. Outer circumferential recesses are formed in the probe. The outer circumferential recesses extend along the rotational axis of the probe up to the front end surface. The friction stir welding tool rotates the probe about the rotation axis, and embeds the probe inside a workpiece during rotation of the probe to weld the workpiece. A front end recess is formed in the front end surface. The front end recess is positioned at the central part of the front end surface, and connected to the outer circumferential recesses.

Abstract: A friction stir welding tool includes a probe having a front end surface and an outer circumferential surface. The probe has, formed therein, outer circumferential recesses extending to the front end surface along a rotation axis. The friction stir welding tool rotates the probe about the rotation axis and embeds the probe inside a workpiece during rotation of the probe to thereby weld the workpiece. The width of the outer circumferential recesses is increased toward a front end of the probe.

Abstract: The method comprises a primary joining process in which primary joining is performed by friction stirring by moving a rotary tool (F) once around a recessed part (13) along a first overlap part (H1) in a state where only a stirring pin (F2) of the rotary tool provided with the stirring pin is inserted in the first overlap part (H1) from a front surface (3b) of a sealing body (3) and is in contact with a jacket body (2) and the sealing body (3). In the primary joining process, the rotary tool (F), which is provided with a flat surface (F4) orthogonal to a rotational axis of the stirring pin (F2) and a projection (F5) projecting from the flat surface (F4) at a tip part of the stirring pin (F2), is employed, and the first overlap part (H1) is joined by bringing the flat surface (F4) into contact with only the sealing body (3) and inserting a tip end of the projection (F5) more deeply than the first overlap part (H1).

Abstract: The friction stir welding head presented herein includes a head housing and an axle. The head housing extends from a top end to an open bottom end and defines a bore extending between the top end and the open bottom end. The axle that is coaxial with and rotatable within the bore. The axle is also laterally secured within the head housing and axially movable with respect to the head housing. Still further, the axle includes an engagement end that extends beyond the open bottom end of the head housing. The engagement end supports a friction stir welding tool that is configured to rotate with the axle to effectuate friction stir welding operations. The friction stir welding head may also include a load cell configured to generate load signals in response to axial movement of the axle.

Abstract: Provided is a method for removing an electronic component from a printed wiring board. The method comprises applying an embrittlement agent to a lead of an electronic component that is soldered to the printed wiring board. The electronic component is removed from the printed wiring board by breaking the embrittled lead.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for easily producing an engine block for a combustion engine. The method includes: a) providing an engine block with an open water jacket opening; b) placing an insert in the water jacket opening; and c) fixing the insert in the water jacket opening by friction welding. The shape of the insert is adapted to the shape of the water jacket opening such that the insert, when being placed, at least partially closes the water jacket opening and bridges the distance between the outer wall and the cylinder wall, thereby supporting the cylinder wall against the outer wall of the engine block. An engine block produced accordingly shows the advantages of a closed deck engine block.

Abstract: A friction stir welding tool includes a probe having a front end surface and an outer circumferential surface. The outer circumferential surface has, formed therein, outer circumferential recesses extending to the front end surface. The friction stir welding tool is configured to rotate the probe about a rotation axis, and embed the probe inside a workpiece during rotation of the probe to thereby weld the workpiece. A front end recess is formed in the front end surface, and the front end recess extends to the outer circumferential surface in a manner that the front end recess does not communicate with the outer circumferential recesses.

Abstract: A method may include removing a portion of a base component adjacent to a damaged portion of the base component to define a repair portion of the base component. The base component may include a cobalt- or nickel-based superalloy, and the repair portion of the base component may include a through-hole extending from a first surface of the base component to a second surface of the base component. The method also may include forming a braze sintered preform to substantially reproduce a shape of the through-hole. The braze sintered preform may include a Ni- or Co-based alloy. The method additionally may include placing the braze sintered preform in the through-hole and heating at least the braze sintered preform to cause the braze sintered preform to join to the repair portion of the base component and change a microstructure of the braze sintered preform to a brazed and diffused microstructure.

Abstract: Method of assembly of a first element (I) and a second element (II) each having an assembly surface, at least one of the assembly surfaces comprising recessed metal portions (6, 106) surrounded by dielectric materials (4, 104) comprising: A) a step to bring the two assembly surfaces into contact without application of pressure such that direct bonding is obtained between the assembly surfaces, said first and second assemblies (I, II) forming a stack with a given thickness (e), B) a heat treatment step of said stack during which the back faces (10, 110) of the first (I) and the second (II) elements are held in position so that they are held at a fixed distance (E) between the given stack thickness+/?2 nm.

Abstract: A method of preparing a surface for diffusion bonding comprises contacting a binder material with a discontinuous surface comprising surface regions separated by gaps. The binder material is selectively deposited onto the surface regions and has a sufficient viscosity to form a self-supporting layer without flowing into the gaps. The self-supporting layer of binder material comprises a mass density in a range from about 0.001 g/in2 to about 0.050 g/in2. A braze powder is distributed over the self-supporting layer of binder material, and a predetermined amount of the braze powder is attached to the binder material. The discontinuous surface is then heated to remove the binder material and adhere the braze powder to the discontinuous surface. Thus, a prewet surface with a braze deposit thereon is formed.