Abstract: A user who is browsing the web may use a web site verification service to ascertain whether a web site that appears to be associated with a trusted entity is actually associated with that entity. The web site verification service retains the URL of an unauthenticated web site. The user types a text string naming the entity that the user believes should be associated with the web site into a text box. A database such as an internet search engine database or a database containing a list of trusted entities and their URLs may be queried using the user-supplied text string. The retained URL may be compared to the resulting list of URLs. If the retained URL does not match one of the URLs in the query results, the user may be warned that the web site does not appear to be associated with the trusted entity.

Abstract: A rules engine assigns a set of appropriateness rules to a particular data collection. The set of appropriateness rules describes an optimum usage for the particular data collection based on a source of the particular data collection and a type of activity that is deemed best suited to utilize the particular data collection. The set of appropriateness rules also requires that a data collection requester's role matches a data collection provider's role. In response to determining that a requesting computer is implementing an activity that matches the set of appropriateness rules, a rules engine directs a database controller to transmit the particular data collection to the requesting computer.

Abstract: A system and method are disclosed for rendering published documents tamper evident. Embodiments render classes of documents tamper evident with cryptographic level security or detect tampering, where such security was previously unavailable, for example, documents printed using common printers without special paper or ink. Embodiments enable proving the date of document content without the need for expensive third party archival, including documents held, since their creation, entirely in secrecy or in untrustworthy environments, such as on easily-altered, publicly-accessible internet sites. Embodiments can extend, by many years, the useful life of currently-trusted integrity verification algorithms, such as hash functions, even when applied to binary executable files. Embodiments can efficiently identify whether multiple document versions are substantially similar, even if they are not identical, thus potentially reducing storage space requirements.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for retrieving information in large heterogeneous data bases, wherein information retrieval through visual querying/browsing is supported by dynamic taxonomies; the process comprises the steps of: initially showing (F1) a complete taxonomy for the retrieval; refining (F2) the retrieval through a selection of subsets of interest, where the refining is performed by selecting concepts in the taxonomy and combining them through boolean operations; showing (F3) a reduced taxonomy for the selected set; and further refining (F4) the retrieval through an iterative execution of the refining and showing steps.

Abstract: Determining and using word information entropies includes: determining one or more categories that correspond to a plurality of queries; sorting the plurality of queries into one or more groups based at least in part on the determined categories of the plurality of queries; segmenting queries that correspond to each of the one or more groups into a first plurality of phrases, wherein each phrase includes one or more words; determining occurrence probabilities for the plurality of phrases; and determining word information entropies for the plurality of phrases based at least in part on the determined occurrence probabilities.

Abstract: An electronic document analysis method using a processor for analyzing N electronic documents, the method comprising providing a set of control electronic documents from among the electronic N documents; and using the set of control electronic documents and a processor to evaluate at least one aspect of a computerized text-classifier based electronic document categorization process performed on the N documents including computation of at least one statistic; wherein providing includes providing an initial set of control electronic documents; computing, using a processor, an estimated validation level of the at least one statistic assuming the initial set is used, and comparing the estimated validation level to a desired validation level, using a processor, and enlarging the initial set of control electronic documents if the estimated validation level falls below the desired validation level.

Abstract: Described are techniques for performing indication management. Registration criteria is received including information identifying a first set of data elements of a first data model about which a subscriber is registered to receive notifications. Operations are performed to a second set of data elements stored in a data store in accordance with a second data model. The second set of data elements in accordance with the second data model is mapped to a third set of data elements in accordance with the first data model. Using the first set and the third set, a first portion of the third set is determined which is identified in the first set. First processing is performed in accordance with the registration criteria and the first portion of the third set to determine notifications for a subscriber regarding data elements of the first set.

Abstract: A method may include receiving a document and an initial score for the document; determining that there has been a decrease in a rate or quantity of new links that point to the document over time; classifying the document as stale in response to the determining; decreasing the initial score for the document, resulting in an updated score; and ranking the document with regard to at least one other document based, at least in part, on the score.

Abstract: A schema parser may determine one or more datasets of a database schema, wherein the datasets include one or more fields from a data source and represents data corresponding to the one or more fields. An input handler may receive a selection of one or more of the datasets via an interface. A translation engine may provide operations for refining the data of the selected datasets into a result set via a query, wherein the operations may be determined based on metadata defining relationships amongst the data sources and fields. A query engine may provide a graphical query including operational flow indicators indicating a directional flow of the query from the selected datasets with the selected operation to the result set.

Abstract: Systems and methods for automatic mapping of a location identifier pattern of an object to a semantic type using object metadata are disclosed. In one aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure include a method, which may be implemented on a system, of identifying a set of tags associated with a website that is hosted by a web server. The method further includes, detecting a web page in the website in which a tag of the set of tags is identified, extracting a pattern from a Universal Resource Locator (URL) of the web page, and/or storing the pattern in a database embodied in a machine-readable storage medium as being mapped to the semantic type. The tag corresponds to a semantic type with which the content embodied in the web page has a semantic relationship and the pattern corresponds to the semantic type with which the content embodied in the web page has a semantic relationship.

Abstract: An image search engine server that comprises an image search engine, capable of performing image searches based on the context of a search operation. The context of the search is derived from a built-in thesaurus and/or a dictionary. For a thesaurus-based algorithm, the approach is to send a query back to the user, who can select the image search domain, sub-domain, and other hierarchical search refinements from one or more dropdown menus. The items in the dropdown menus that the user selects during the “query back” are used to augment the search string entered by the user to better refine the image search. If the user entered search string is a single string of dictionary word or words or the dictionary mode is elected, then synonyms for that search string are used to generate the augmented search string for the final context-based search operation. By using the dictionary or thesaurus approach, a user search string can be augmented to result in improved image search results.

Abstract: A rules engine assigns a set of appropriateness rules to a particular data collection. The set of appropriateness rules describes an optimum usage for the particular data collection based on a source of the particular data collection and a type of activity that is deemed best suited to utilize the particular data collection. In response to determining that a requesting computer is implementing an activity that matches the particular set of appropriateness rules, a database controller is directed to transmit the particular data collection to the requesting computer.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer program products, for clustering documents. A plurality of documents are identified from a set of documents, where the identified documents have the same top N terms by term frequency score for an integer N. A pattern string that is satisfied by at least a subset of the identified documents is identified. A document cluster is formed from at least the subset of the identified documents.

Abstract: Computer systems, methods, and computer program products for managing a service process that includes a plurality of service steps. A repository holds, for each of at least one configuration item, a set of data that represents at least one predetermined attribute of the configuration item and a relation between the configuration item and a second configuration item. The method includes detecting data on a resource for executing at least one of a plurality of service steps of the service process; creating, in response to a particular service process starting, data using a first configuration item model in which the particular service process is defined as a single configuration item; and creating data from the detected data using a second configuration item model in which one or more particular service steps are defined as a single configuration item.

Abstract: There is provided an information processing apparatus including a music storage portion to store music data, a music playback portion to play back music data, a metadata acquisition portion to acquire metadata describing information about the music data being played back in the music playback portion, a metadata transmission portion to transmit the metadata acquired in the metadata acquisition portion to the distribution server, a music reception portion to receive music data selected in the distribution server based on the information contained in the metadata and distributed from the distribution server, a music acquisition portion to acquire the music data from the music storage portion based on the information contained in the metadata, and a control portion to control the music playback portion to play back the music data distributed from the distribution server and the music data acquired from the music storage portion by the music acquisition portion.

Abstract: A modular, expandable, and flexible computer system device is provided. The computer system device comprising a multiple number of individual modules interconnected physically via ‘backplane’ means with each module independently processing and executing specified computer functions utilizing internal or shared resources. Electrical power distribution and data communications are positioned between modules with the electrical power distribution and data communications internal to the base unit module.

Abstract: An associative object model for presenting composite entity information is provided. More particularly, a system and method of linking various data related to an entity from isolated databases in a distributed enterprise is provided. The system and method presents composite information on the entity to different systems within the distributed enterprise. The method includes propagating a change of data of a first entity type to one or more related or associated entity types in an active associative object model (AOM) accessible by a subscribing system and a publishing system in an enterprise.

Abstract: A visitor of a network site is provided information about previously viewed content from that site. One or more internal pages of the network site that the user selects to view during one or more visits to the network site is recorded. At least one of the one or more internal pages is associated with a heading or category that is displayed on the network site. A user-activity is detected corresponding to the visitor directing attention to the heading or category. In response, a dynamic display is generated that provides a link to the at least one internal page that is associated with the category or heading.

Abstract: Synchronization is bound to data and optionally a set of synchronization behaviors as opposed to a particular application and/or endpoint. As a result, synchronization amongst endpoints need not require creation of customized synchronization solutions or rely on vendor and/or application specific mechanisms. In one instance, standard data and/or synch schemas can be subscribed to and utilized to dynamically configure synchronization across endpoints.

Abstract: An archival computer system for receiving digital documents from document source computers, archiving such digital documents, and providing the digital documents to client computer systems. The archival computer system is provided with a document database, a supplemental digital media database, a document input device, an archival computer, and a server. The document input device receives digital documents from the document source computers. The digital documents include non-pixalated, non-rastered digital documents, and supplemental media. The archival computer receives the digital documents, and archives data from the non-pixalated, non-rastered digital documents in the document database, and data from the supplemental media in the supplemental digital media database. The server, upon request, outputs a composite document including data stored in the document database and the supplemental digital media database.