Abstract: A coating thickness measuring instrument comprising: a magnetic induction probe comprising at least one drive coil and at least one pick-up coil; a driver for driving an alternating current in the or each drive coil; and a detector for detecting the output of the or each pick-up coil; and a processor configured to: apply a transfer function to the detector output to produce an output which corresponds to a measured coating thickness; and, scale both the drive current and detector output simultaneously in response to the output. The scaling may be changed in a step-wise manner. The scaling applied to the drive current may be inversely proportional to the scaling applied to the detector output. The scaling may be defined by a first and second scaling factor, stored as a pair. The instrument may store two or more pairs of scaling factors and select a pair in response to the measured coating thickness.

Abstract: A magnetic sensor includes at least one MR element and a coil. The coil includes at least one conductor portion. The at least one conductor portion is each located at a position such that a partial magnetic field generated by the conductor portion is applied to one of the at least one MR element, the one corresponding to the conductor portion, and extends along an imaginary curve curving to protrude in a direction away from the corresponding MR element.

Abstract: Method for checking load circuits of a control system in an installation, wherein the system includes load circuits with a load unit, a control unit and a clocked power supply that supplies the load circuits with a supply voltage or a supply current via output channels activated by control signals from the control unit, where reference values for currents or voltages are initially determined for predefined installation states in which an output channel is activated and an associated load circuit is supplied with predefined voltage values of the supply voltage or predefined current values of the supply current, reference values determined for the predefined installation states are stored, during a self-test present current values or voltage values on the activated output channel are subsequently measured, and a check is performed, and the corresponding associated load circuit is indicated if a deviation from a tolerance range exists.

Abstract: A method for evaluating the functionality of a ceramic sensor for detecting soot, the sensor including two measurement electrodes exposable to an exhaust and spaced apart from one another, and an electrical resistance heating element. The method includes: activating the resistance heating element to heat up the sensor and to burn soot off the two measurement electrodes; then deactivating the resistance heating element; then waiting for a first predetermined time period and/or waiting until a signal that is received from the sensor and represents the sensor temperature reaches a first predefined value; then measuring a first variable representing the electrical resistance between the measurement electrodes; then evaluating the functionality of the sensor based on the first variable representing the electrical resistance between the measurement electrodes.

Abstract: A wafer probe test system having a probe card with a probe head, a rotary magnet, a magnetic sensor positioned to sense the magnetic field of the rotary magnet and a controller coupled to the probe card, where the probe head has probe needles to engage features of test sites of a wafer in a wafer plane of orthogonal first and second directions, and the rotary magnet is rotatable around an axis of a third direction to provide a magnetic field to the wafer, in which the controller includes a model of magnetic flux density in the first, second and third directions at the respective test sites of the wafer as a function of a rotational angle of the rotary magnet, a probe needle height along the third direction and a measured magnetic flux density of the magnetic sensor.

Abstract: The invention provides a sensor system and methods for detecting the presence of water in an insulating material surrounding plant equipment and/or pipe work. The sensor system comprises a plurality of sensors located in and spatially distributed over the insulating material, each sensor being operable to provide a sensor output indicative of the presence of water in an insulating material. The system also comprises at least one reference sensor operable to provide a reference sensor output indicative of the presence of water in an ambient environment in the vicinity of the plurality of sensors. In addition, the system comprises a processor configured to receive the sensor outputs from the plurality of sensors and the reference sensor output. The processor is configured to correlate the sensor outputs from the plurality of sensors and the reference sensor output to provide a correlation data output for use in evaluating a corrosion condition.

Abstract: A method of evaluating current sensor measurements of an electric machine system includes acquiring a first current signal corresponding to a first measurement of a first phase current of a three phase electric current supply to an electric machine, and acquiring a second current signal corresponding to a second measurement of a second phase current of the three phase electric current supply. The method also includes determining a machine velocity, shifting the first current signal by a signal processing component to generate a shifted first current signal having a shifted phase, the signal processing component including a tuning parameter that is a function of the machine velocity, calculating an amplitude difference between the shifted first current signal and the second current signal, and determining a plausibility of the first measurement and the second measurement based on the difference.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a test system for optically checking an electrical line, including a test area for arranging the electric line; a plurality of prisms surrounding the test area; a camera directed at the prisms, which is designed to optically detect the electric line arranged in the test area through the prisms from different sides; a shielding mechanism, the curved inner contour of which encloses the test area and the prisms at least in the radial direction; an air duct, which is at least indirectly connected to a nozzle directed towards the test area and which is designed to apply a cleaning air stream to at least some prism surfaces facing the test area and thereby to entrain dirt particles present on these prism surfaces; and further air ducts opening into an area of the inner contour of the shielding.

Abstract: A system includes a polymer bag, a fluid network, a saturation block, and a wick. The polymer bag has a sealed envelope and a fitment. The fluid network is coupled to the fitment. The saturation block has a fluid inlet coupled to the fluid network and has a wick chamber. The wick is configured for disposition in the wick chamber.

Abstract: The present invention relates to estimating source impedances across one or more transmission lines connecting at least two substations. Each substation is associated with an equivalent source having a respective source impedance. Voltage and current measurements and status signals are obtained. The voltage and current measurements provide terminal or bus voltages and line currents at each terminal, and the status signals are associated with switching events at the one or more transmission lines or at the substations. An event associated with a disturbance or current injection is detected from one or more of the obtained measurements and the obtained status signals. The source impedance of each equivalent source is estimated based on the event, using line parameters and the voltage and current measurements associated with the event.

Abstract: A leakage detector is used with a cable tray run configured to support one or more electrical cables. The leakage detector includes an electrical conductor extending around the cable tray run generally transverse to a length of the cable tray run. A magnetic sensor is coupled to the electrical conductor. In use the leakage detector is configured to sense magnetic flux generated by current flowing through the one or more electrical conductors adjacent the leakage detector. More than one leakage detector can be used in a leakage detection system. The leakage detection system may further include a central computing device to determine if there is leakage current from the one or more electrical conductor in the cable tray run based on signals received from the leakage detectors.

Abstract: A production logging tool (1) comprising an elongated cylindrical body (10) of longitudinal axis (XX?), the body (10) carrying an articulated dual arms deploying arrangement (12), at least one arm carrying at least one sensor (16, 16A, 16B) to analyze at least one property of a multiphase fluid mixture (MF) flowing in a hydrocarbon well (2), said sensor (16, 16A, 16B) extending along a sensor axis (SS?), the articulated dual arms deploying arrangement (12) comprising two deploying arms (13A, 13B) and a sliding sleeve (19), the deploying arms (13A, 13B) being operable from a retracted configuration into a vertically extended configuration, the deploying arms (13A, 13B) being coupled together through an outermost end hinge (17) at outermost ends of said deploying arms (13A, 13B), one arm (13A) being coupled to a first end part of the body through a first hinge (23A) at another deploying arm end, and the other arm (13B) being coupled to a second end part of the body through a sliding sleeve hinge (26) at the sli

Abstract: A gas sensor includes a first electrode disposed on a substrate, a second electrode disposed on the substrate and spaced apart from the first electrode, and a sensitive member disposed on the substrate. The sensitive member contacts first and second electrodes and has a porous structure from a three-dimensional (3D) arrangement of shells including a gas-sensitive material. A thickness of the sensitive member is 5 ?m to 10 ?m, and a thickness of the shells is 10 nm to 40 nm.

Abstract: A testing apparatus and method for detecting faults in encoders are disclosed. The testing apparatus includes a signal conditioning circuit board that receives an encoder signal and a central processing unit in communication with the circuit board and configured to: check for faulty amplitude, check for signal symmetry, check for signal offset, and/or check for signal transmission rate. The testing apparatus includes a real-time controller for real-time signal processing and fault detection.

Abstract: A method of non-contact measurement of a thickness (d) of an object of an electrically conductive material by means of a Pulsed Eddy Current, PEC, system including a transmitter coil and a receiver coil. The method includes, after having turned off a current in the transmitter coil, at the receiver coil, measuring a voltage induced by the decaying magnetic field at a first time point, a second time point, and a third time point. The method also includes calculating a total magnetic flux which is generated by the eddy currents in the object at the first time point and picked up by the receiver coil, by comparing the measured flux at the first time point with a predetermined total flux picked up by the receiver coil when no object is present.

Abstract: A frequency characteristic measurement apparatus includes a calibration circuit configured to perform a SOLT calibration on cable end surfaces, a first measurement circuit measuring S-parameters of a first substrate provided with a DUT, after the SOLT calibration by the calibration circuit, a second measurement circuit measuring S-parameters of a second substrate after the SOLT calibration by the calibration circuit, and an extraction circuit performing a vector operation of a measurement result of the first measurement circuit and a measurement result of the second measurement circuit to extract S-parameters of the DUT. The extraction circuit assumes that a reflection of each of first second fixtures obtained by virtually dividing the second substrate into two parts at the center, on an end surface of the second substrate is equal to or smaller than a reflection on an end surface of the second substrate without the virtual division at the center.

Abstract: Methods of marine to borehole measurement may include dispersing one or more borehole receivers in one or more boreholes; distributing one or more marine receivers in marine water at a seabed; immersing an electromagnetic dipole source in the marine water above the seabed; energizing the electromagnetic dipole source; measuring one or more borehole signal measurements using the one or more borehole receivers and one or more seabed signal measurements using the one or more marine receivers; and determining a three-dimensional property distribution of a reservoir of interest by processing the one or more borehole signal measurements and the one or more seabed signal measurements.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a system comprising an electronic apparatus which comprises: —an electronic device comprising: —a gate electrode (G, BE); —a dielectric (D) arranged over the gate electrode (G, BE); and —a charge sensing structure (CE) with a 2-dimensional charge sensing layer to provide a gate capacitance (Cg) between the charge sensing structure (CE) and the gate electrode structure (G, BE) and a quantum capacitance (Cq) resulting in a total capacitance (Ctot); —a voltage detector to detect an output voltage (Vo) stored in the total capacitance (Ctot). The system further comprises means to apply a gate voltage (Vg) to the gate electrode structure (G, BE) selected to: —make the device operate around most sensitive point of fermi level of the charge sensing structure (CE); and —tune the quantum capacitance (Cq). The present invention also relates to an electronic apparatus adapted to allow the tuning of its quantum capacitance.

Abstract: A method for determining a present thickness of a work item while being processed in a rolling mill, the method including: acquiring a data signal reflecting a time dependence of an eddy current decay in the work item caused by an applied pulsed magnetic field, determining a thickness parameter value based on the acquired signal, the thickness parameter value being determined from samples in the data signal, the thickness parameter value being dependent on a ratio between a thickness of the work item and a resistivity of the work item, computing a ratio between a reference thickness value of the work item and the thickness parameter value to thereby provide an instantaneous resistivity value, determining a mean resistivity value based on the instantaneous resistivity value, and providing an output signal based on the mean resistivity of the work item and the thickness parameter value, the output signal being indicative of the determined present thickness of the work item.

Abstract: Packaged light emitter module can provide improved safety features to facilitate sensing the presence of moisture or a mechanical defect such as a crack in a transmissive cover (22) that may result in a safety hazard caused by the emitted light (24) if the defect or other situation is not addressed in a timely manner. Different electrically conductive structures, such as different electrically conductive traces (20, 22), allow monitoring and detection of mechanical defects to be decoupled from monitoring and detection of problems arising from the presence of moisture. The decoupling can allow the respective configuration for each of the electrically conductive structures to be optimized for detection of particular situations that may lead to a safety hazard.