Abstract: According to one embodiment, a wafer includes a substrate including a first region and a second region that do not overlap each other; a first chip unit and a second chip unit each arranged on the substrate; a first electrode and a second electrode each electrically connected to the first chip unit; and a third electrode and a fourth electrode each electrically connected to the second chip unit. The first electrode and the third electrode are arranged in the first region. The second electrode and the fourth electrode are arranged in the second region. The first region is independent of a region in which the first chip unit and the second chip unit are provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides a residual current detection device comprising a first conductive wire, a second conductive wire, a first magnetic concentrator and a magnetic sensing device wherein the first conductive wire generates a first magnetic field, the second conductive wire is arranged at one side of the first conductive wire for generating a second magnetic field, the first magnetic concentrator is arranged between the first and second conductive wires whereby a highly concentrated magnetic field area is formed between the first and second conductive wires, and the magnetic sensing device is arranged in the highly concentrated magnetic field area for detecting the first and second magnetic fields.

Abstract: A system (10) for measuring an electric current (I) flowing through an electrically conductive element (2) comprises a device (15) for generating a magnetic field in the electrically conductive element, comprising a support (53) and an electrically conductive wire (50) rigidly coupled to the support, and comprising at least one coil (52) wound around the support. The system further comprises a device for detecting (60) acoustic waves on the surface of the electrically conductive element, and a control and acquisition device (30) comprising a generator (33) configured to provide at least one current pulse in the electrically conductive wire and an acquisition chain for detecting an electrical signal (S) provided by the detection device.

Abstract: A control module for a lighting fixture may include an input circuit (e.g., a wireless communication circuit) that may be susceptible to noise generating by a noise-generating source (e.g., a lighting control device in the lighting fixture). The control circuit may execute a self-test procedure to determine if the magnitude of the noise is acceptable or unacceptable for normal operation of the control module. During the self-test procedure, the control circuit may measure a noise level at a connection of the input circuit and determine if the noise level causes the self-test procedure to fail. The control circuit may control the lighting load to multiple intensities, measure noise levels of the output signal at each intensity, and process the noise levels to determine if the test has passed or failed. The control circuit may illuminate a visual indicator to provide an indication that the self-test procedure has failed.

Abstract: A device for monitoring deposition of a coating comprising a dielectric material during deposition of the coating. The device includes a parallel-plate capacitor having a first plate, and a second plate; a first lead electrically connected to the first plate; a second lead electrically connected to the second plate; and a power supply. The first plate and the second plate are parallel and separated by a spacing with a known spacing thickness. The first lead and the second lead can be electrically connected to positive and negative terminals of the power supply. The device is configured to register a capacitance when the first lead and the second lead are respectively connected to the positive and the negative terminals of the power supply and a dielectric material fills the spacing, and is configured to register no capacitance until the dielectric material fills the spacing.

Abstract: Provided is an integrated optical system-based optical current sensor system comprising a light source generating reference light for current or magnetic field sensing, a polarizer for polarizing the reference light, a phase modulator for phase-modulating the polarized light into a predetermined reference signal, and a Faraday rotation reflector for reflecting the light propagated through an optical path at the end of the optical fiber, wherein the invention further comprises a plurality of pig-tailed optical fiber blocks in which the optical fibers are accommodated therein, and an integrated optical system composed of a plurality of optical components optically bonded to the pig-tailed blocks at interfaces with the pig-tailed blocks.

Abstract: An electroluminescence inspection apparatus includes a first substrate; a plurality of electrodes provided at a first surface of the first substrate; a driving circuit provided at a second surface of the first substrate opposite of the first surface and configured to apply a current to a plurality of light emitting diodes provided at a second substrate through the plurality of electrodes; and a plurality of wirings configured to electrically connect the plurality of electrodes with the driving circuit. At least one electrode of the plurality of electrodes includes a plurality of protrusions configured to contact the plurality of light emitting diodes of the second substrate.

Abstract: In one example in accordance with the present disclosure, a three-dimensional (3D) printed sensor system is described. The 3D printed sensor system includes a 3D printed object. The 3D printed sensor system also includes a 3D printed sensor on a body of the 3D printed object. The 3D printed sensor includes a dielectric region disposed between electrodes. A capacitance of the dielectric region is indicative of an environmental condition of the 3D printed object. The 3D printed sensor system also includes a controller integrated with the body of the 3D printed object. The controller is to measure a capacitance of the 3D printed sensor.

Abstract: An optical fiber current sensing controller module, where an optical transmitter is energized from a DC source and emits an optical field of calibrated intensity and wavelength to a linear polarizer which generates a reference signal which is then launched in alignment with the transmission axes of a polarization maintaining optical fiber link to a remote and passive fiber optic current sensor (FOCS), where the linearly polarized optical pulse traverses a complete circular path around an energized conductor and is subject to polarization plane rotation in proportion to the magnetic flux density with the integration equal to electric current magnitude according to Ampere's law, and the rotated polarized optical pulse is transmitted back to the optical fiber current sensing controller module via a return fiber optic cable, where the Stokes vector polarization parameters for the returned optical signal are calculated by splitting the elliptically polarized field into four components, passing these components thr

Abstract: The magnetic particle imaging apparatus includes: a retaining unit configured to retain an inspection target; a static magnetic field generator configured to generate a linear magnetic field-free region that passes through the inspection target retained by the retaining unit; an AC magnetic field application coil configured to apply an AC magnetic field to the magnetic field-free region; and a detection coil configured to detect a magnetic variation of magnetic particles in the magnetic field-free region as a signal. The retaining unit, the AC magnetic field application coil and the detection coil are movable relative to the static magnetic field generator in the third direction as an integral structure.

Abstract: A power supply monitoring device is applied to a power supply system. The system includes a first system having a first load and a second system having a second load. The first and second systems are connectable by an inter-system switch. The second system is connected with a power supply unit. In the first system, loads are connected in parallel as the first load, and fuses are provided to energization paths connected to the loads. The device includes a monitoring unit monitoring voltage reduction in the first system when the first and second loads are driven in a state in which the inter-system switch is closed, and a switch operation unit allowing the inter-system switch to conduct electricity in a state in which a conduction current in the inter-system switch is limited during a time period from voltage reduction, if the monitoring unit determines that the voltage reduction has occurred.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to methods for identifying an onset of a scale formation. This disclosure also relates to methods of identifying a scale type in a hydrocarbon containing formation. This disclosure also relates to determining an amount of a scale formation in a hydrocarbon containing formation.

Abstract: The invention provides a sensor system and methods for detecting the presence of water in an insulating material surrounding plant equipment and/or pipe work. The sensor system comprises a plurality of sensors located in and spatially distributed over the insulating material, each sensor being operable to provide a sensor output indicative of the presence of water in an insulating material. The system also comprises at least one reference sensor operable to provide a reference sensor output indicative of the presence of water in an ambient environment in the vicinity of the plurality of sensors. In addition, the system comprises a processor configured to receive the sensor outputs from the plurality of sensors and the reference sensor output. The processor is configured to correlate the sensor outputs from the plurality of sensors and the reference sensor output to provide a correlation data output for use in evaluating a corrosion condition.

Abstract: A system and a method for determining a zeta potential of a core plug. The system has a first fluid and a second fluid that is less conductive than and immiscible with the first fluid. A core holder holds the core plug. An upstream reservoir, an upstream trap, and an upstream external electrode cell are fluidly coupled to each other and one end of the core holder. A downstream reservoir, a downstream trap, and a downstream external electrode are fluidly coupled to each other and another end of the core holder. A controller determines the zeta potential of the core plug based on the core plug differential pressure and voltage. Each of the upstream reservoir, the downstream reservoir, the upstream trap, and the downstream trap contain some of the second fluid. The first fluid fills the core holder and separates the second fluid from the core holder.

Abstract: One or more examples relate to an apparatus to amplify differential voltage signal components of voltage across a resistor. Such an apparatus may include a resistor; a differential amplification circuit operatively coupled with the resistor to amplify a differential voltage signal component of a voltage across the resistor; and an operative coupling between the resistor and the differential amplification circuit to pass the differential voltage signal component and isolate a common mode voltage signal component of the voltage across the resistor.

Abstract: A current sensor includes a busbar, a first magnetic sensor, and a first coil, and where a longitudinal direction of the busbar is defined as an X axis direction, and a width direction of the busbar is defined as a Y axis direction, the first magnetic sensor measures a magnetic field in the Y axis direction, the first coil is arranged such that an axis of the first coil is parallel to the Y axis direction, and the first magnetic sensor is arranged inside the first coil.

Abstract: In an aspect, an electronic device can include a first sensor adjacent to a first portion of a peripheral edge of a die, a first access transistor electrically coupled to the first sensor, a second sensor adjacent to a second portion of the peripheral edge, and a second access transistor electrically coupled to the second sensor. In another aspect, an electronic device can include an edge guard ring and a sensor electrically insulated from the edge guard ring. The edge guard ring can include a interconnect. At least a portion of the first sensor overlaps or underlaps a portion of the first interconnect. Testing can be performed by comparing the electrical parameters of two or more sensors or by comparing the electrical parameters of one sensor versus a reference value. Testing can be performed at nearly any time, including after the electronic device is installed in a system.

Abstract: Discussed is a welding inspection apparatus for battery modules capable of applying an alternating current to a bank constituted by two or more battery cells connected in parallel and a battery module constituted by one or more banks connected in series to calculate an impedance and a resistance value of each of the one or more banks, and a method of inspecting welding of the battery module using the welding inspection apparatus.

Abstract: Systems, circuits, and methods provide core-based closed-loop current sensors utilizing a coil connected to an IC having a magnetic field sensor configured to measure current in one or more conductors such as busbars. A closed-loop current sensor includes a magnetic core having first and second ends separated by a gap and an aperture receiving the one or more conductors; a magnetic field sensor disposed on a substrate and integrated in an IC is disposed in the gap, where the magnetic field sensor is configured to receive magnetic flux from the gap, where the IC is configured to measure AC current in the one or more conductors; and a coil integrated with the substrate and coupled to the IC, wherein the coil is configured to provide negative magnetic feedback for closed-loop compensation.

Abstract: A system for introduction of digital integrity self-sensing of corrosion-protective coatings to remotely detect, locate and monitor coating barrier failure in real time to identify corrosion prone hotspots before corrosion damage of protected substrate materials occurs.