Abstract: A process for producing a granular slow-acting nitrogenous fertilizer, which comprises blending an aqueous methylol urea solution to a urea-isobutyraldehyde condensate powder or a mixture thereof with a urea-formaldehyde condensate powder, and granulating the resulting blend while subjecting the methylol urea to dehydration condensation under an acidic condition to form a urea-formaldehyde condensate.

Abstract: A vitreous product which can be used in agriculture is disclosed. With the exception of nitrogen, this vitreous product contains all the major and minor mineral elements which are essential for the nutrition of plants.The vitreous products can contain the following constituents, taken in the following proportions by weight:______________________________________ SiO.sub.2 25 to 65% Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 1 to 15% P.sub.2 O.sub.5 1 to 15% B.sub.2 O.sub.3 0.01 to 2% K.sub.2 O 5 to 35% MnO 0.01 to 3% CaO 11 to 35% ZnO 0.01 to 3% MgO 1 to 10% CuO 0.01 to 2% SO.sub.3 0.01 to 1% MoO.sub.3 0.01 to 3% Na.sub.2 O 0 to 2% Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 0 to 25%.

Abstract: A method of improving agricultural and horticultural crop yields utilizing a mixture comprising a water-soluble alkali metal salt of humic acid and a plant nutrient component including plant nutrients such as nitrogen and/or phosphorous and/or potassium. The addition of a liquid mixture comprising the plant nutrient component and a water-soluble alkali metal salt of humic acid to the growth medium or seed germination medium of agricultural or horticultural crops has demonstrated improved crop yields both in the size of the individual fruit and in the number of the fruit per plant.

Abstract: Urea fertilizer is treated with a modified lignosulfonate to harden and provide anti-caking and anti-dusting properties to the fertilizer particles. The fertilizer/modified lignosulfonate mixture includes up to about 5.0% by weight modified lignosulfonate on fertilizer. An improved method of treating urea fertilizer with a modified lignosulfonate is also disclosed.

Abstract: A fertilizer composition and method for the detoxification and deacidification of soil threatened by acidic deposits which comprises at least one alkali-reactive component, selected from the group which consists of calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, ammonium and ammonia compounds in soil neutralizing amounts and at least one water soluble pyrophosphate or polyphosphate capable of forming water insoluble salts with aluminum and heavy metals of a similar magnitude as the diphosphates.

Abstract: A method and composition for increasing the amounts of phosphorus and/or micronutrients available for uptake by plants from the soil. The invention involves introducing an inoculum of the fungus Penicillium bilaji into (or onto) the soil. This has the effect of increasing the solubility of phosphates and micronutrient sources which may be either native to the soil or added to it, e.g. in the form of insoluble rock phosphate or manufactured phosphate fertilizer. The invention can be used to increase the health, growth rates and yields of plants, especially crop plants grown on nutrient-deficient soils, while eliminating or minimizing the need for expensive manufactured fertilizers.

Abstract: A method of improving agricultural and horticultural crop yields utilizing a mixture comprising a water-soluble salt of humic acid and either calcium phosphate or ascorbic acid. The addition of a liquid mixture comprising calcium phosphate or ascorbic acid and a water-soluble salt or humic acid to the growth medium or seed germination medium or agricultural or horticultural crops has demonstrated improved crop yields both in the size of the individual fruit and in the number of the fruit per plant.

Abstract: A crystallized glass tooth crown is described, consisting essentially of from 40 to 75 mol % component X, from 20 to 55 mol % component Y and from 0.1 to 10 mol % component Z, whereincomponent X is P.sub.2 O.sub.5,component Y is selected from ZnO, K.sub.2 O, B.sub.2 O.sub.3 and Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 in an amount of up to 20 mol % and additionally CaO and BaO in an amount to bring the total mol % of component y to up to 55 mol %, andcomponent Z is selected from SrO, Ta.sub.2 O.sub.5, La.sub.2 O.sub.3, CeO.sub.2 and Nb.sub.2 O.sub.5.This tooth crown and is superior in chemical resistance, has a good appearance, and has almost the same mechanical strength and hardness as those of the enamel of the human teeth.A process for producing crystallized glass tooth crown is also described.

Abstract: An improved aqueous nitrogen fertilizer has been developed that increases first-year nitrogen uptake efficiency to plants. It is also a nitrogen with features to minimize exposure to nitrogen loss. It is a nitrogen fertilizer consisting of urea, ammonium nitrate, dicyandiamide, ammonium thiosulfate, and a phosphate compound which is preferably an ammonium phosphate compound. This composition can contain a herbicide and/or various micro nutrients. This aqueous fertilizer solution can be applied to a field crop in a single application and is available to the growing plant throughout its growth and maturing cycle. The aqueous fertilizer composition is conveniently prepared by the addition of a slurry containing dicyandiamide, ammonium thiosulfate and the phosphate compound to a urea-ammonium nitrate solution wherein the nitrogen content has been adjusted to account for the nitrogen that will be supplied by the slurry.

Abstract: A method of preparing high integrity natural nitrogenous granules for agriculture by heating natural nitrogenous materials under alkaline conditions until the materials develop adhesive properties, forming the materials into granules by mechanical means, and heating the natural nitrogenous granules until they harden; and the compositions formed by this method. The granules for agriculture include natural fertilizers, secondary nutrients, micronutrients, and natural animal feed protein supplements. The method also provides natural based plant food and animal feed supplement granules containing natural or synthetic additive substances which are useful in agriculture. The natural materials used in the method include poultry waste, poultry feather meal, hair meal, seafood meal, blood meal, bone meal, soybean meal, food waste, and grain by-products.

Abstract: A stepwise method of preparing homogeneous mineral granules for agriculture by coreaction of commodity acids and bases which have properties to chemically form a transient fluid adhesive which will harden to form a strong granule binding cement. Water may be added to improve the effectiveness of the adhesive. The transient fluid adhesive is comminuted by mechanically shearing, then particulate mineral solids are admixed mechanically to form a mass of plastic globules which is rolled to form spheroid granules and the fluid adhesive hardens to form the hardened binding cement. The method provides substantially dust-free and attrition resistant animal feed supplement, and plant food fertilizer and micronutrient granules. The commodity acids and bases include aqueous and anhydrous mineral and alkyl carboxylic acids and alkali and alkaline earth bases.

Abstract: An agricultural granule capable of carrying and releasing incorporated biocidal or nutritional agricultural chemicals. The granule is formed by the agitative agglomeration of a plant fiber slurry and resembles a clay granule in all respects except for its chemical inertness.

Abstract: A foliar fertilizer specifically for iron deficient plants which contains a complex of various ingredients such as citric acid admixed/reacted with ferrous sulfate previously converted at-least predominantly to ferric sulfate by oxidation at about 90 degrees or more centigrade or a neutralizing amount of ammonium ion, to a pH ranging from about pH 6 to about pH 7, the ferrous sulfate being typically produced by reaction of iron metal with sulfuric acid, excluding the presence of any phosphate salt, neutralized with NH.sub.4 OH, then admixed with urea and/or ammonium nitrate, the total mixture critically having a nitrogen-to-iron ratio of not less than (i.e., at least) 3/1, preferably within a range of about 4/1 to about 5/1, in aqueous solution, and the method including using the above-noted fertilizer complex as a source, diluting with water such that the source as a percentage ranges from about 5% to about 40%, followed by foliar spraying onto plant foliage, up to an application of about 5 lbs.

Abstract: The present invention provides a soil conditioner composed of a powdery or granular composition in which a filler is integrally included in hydrogel and a method of producing the same wherein an aqueous solution of a hydrophilic cross-linkable polymer is mixed with a filler and then the mixture is subjected to cross linking treatment by which the polymer is made to have cross-linked structure and formed into gel. Since the filler is integrally included in hydrogel, the soil conditioner, when mixed with soil, does not separate into the respective components, and there is no problem of the hydrogel emerging up to the surface of soil with the passage of time.

Abstract: A novel process has been provided for the preparation of both a liquid peat extract substantially-free from biologically-undesirable concentrations of metal elements and compounds, and a solid peat residue substantially-free from biologically-undesirable concentration of metal elements and compounds. The process includes the first step of having specifically-recited physical and chemical properties, to a relatively mild acid hydrolyzation reaction under sterile controlled conditions at superatmospheric pressure at a temperature above the boiling point of water to a maximum elevated temperature of about 130.degree. C. for a time of from about 1 to about 2 hours in an inert container to provide a reacted medium comprising an aqueous liquid peat extract phase and a solid hydrolyzed peat phase dispersed therethrough. The pH of the reaction medium is then adjusted to near neutral. The neutralized reaction medium is removed from the inert container and is pressed and filtered in inert equipment.

Abstract: A fertilizer with a degradative coating wherein the dissolving-out rate of the fertilizer component can be controlled by adjusting the composition of the coating component and the residual capsule after the dissolving out degrades by light is provided, which degradative coating comprises as its active ingredient, at least one member of polyolefin resins and at least one member selected from the group consisting of rubbery resins and ethylene-vinyl acetate-carbon monoxide copolymer.

Abstract: An encapsulated water soluble fertilizer which comprises a polymeric film of about 2 to about 100 micrometers coated on a surface of said fertilizer, said polymeric film comprising a sulfonated polymer having about 10 to about 200 meq of sulfonate groups per 100 grams of said sulfonated polymer, said sulfonate groups being neutralized with a polycaprolactone polymer being characterized by the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 or R.sub.2 is an alkyl, cycloalkyl or aryl group; R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are a hydrogen or alkyl, cycloalkyl, or aryl groups; m equals 1 to 20 and n equals 1 to 500.

Abstract: A process for preparing suspension fertilizers wherein nutrient material and at least one crystal growth inhibitor are mixed, potassium chloride is added, the resultant slurry mixed and subsequently a suspending aid, for example a clay, is added with mixing.

Abstract: A method of converting the composition of peat which comprises the steps of:mixing the peat with 10 to 40% by weight of particles of cereals such as corn or bran thereof on the basis of the weight of the peat;culturing the hyphas of a mycorhiza-forming, white-rotting edible mushroom with the mixture used as a culture bed;germinating the resultant fruit bodies;removing the fruit bodies from the culture bed;utilizing the residue as a livestock feed; andwhere required, adding a fermentation agent to the residue to ferment it into a fertilizer.

Abstract: A method of preparing high integrity natural nitrogenous granules for agriculture by heating natural nitrogenous materials under alkaline conditions until the materials develop adhesive properties, forming the materials into granules by mechanical means, and heating the natural nitrogenous granules until they harden; and the compositions formed by this method. The granules for agriculture include natural fertilizers, secondary nutrients, micronutrients, and natural animal feed protein supplements. The method also provides natural based plant food and animal feed supplement granules containing natural or synthetic additive substances which are useful in agriculture. The natural materials used in the method include poultry waste, poultry feather meal, hair meal, seafood meal, blood meal, bone meal, soybean meal, food waste, and grain by-products.