Abstract: A circularly polarizing plate includes: a polarizing film; a ?/2 plate having a slow axis in a direction forming an angle of 15°±5° with respect to an absorption axis of the polarizing film; and a ?/4 plate having a slow axis in a direction forming an angle of 75°±5° with respect to the absorption axis of the polarizing film, which are provided in this order. A wavelength dispersion of the ?/2 plate and a wavelength dispersion of the ?/4 plate approximately coincide with each other. A refractive index of one of the ?/2 plate and the ?/4 plate is nz?nx>ny, and a refractive index of the other of the ?/2 plate and the ?/4 plate is nx>ny?nz, where nx, ny and nz represent refractive indices in in-plane slow axis, in-plane fast axis, and thickness directions, respectively.

Abstract: In the zoom lens, a first optical system is formed on the magnification side, and a second optical system is formed on the reduction side, with the intermediate image formed between the first optical system and the second optical system. The second optical system consists of, in order from the magnification side, a first lens group that has a positive power, a second lens group that has a positive power, a third lens group that has a positive or negative power, and a fourth lens group that has a positive power. During zooming, the second lens group and the third lens group are moved by changing spacings between the groups adjacent to each other in a direction of an optical axis, and the fourth lens group remains stationary with respect to the reduction side imaging plane.

Abstract: A resolution enhancement technique for a line scanning confocal microscopy system that generates vertical and horizontal line scanning patterns onto a sample is disclosed. The line scanning confocal microscopy system is capable of producing line scanning patterns through the use of two alternative pathways that generate either the vertical line scanning pattern or horizontal line scanning pattern.

Abstract: A virtual curved surface display panel and a display device are provided. The virtual curved surface display panel includes a flat display panel having a plurality of pixels arranged in a matrix, and an array of convex lenses arranged on a light exit surface of the flat display panel. The array of convex lenses makes a track of image distances of the pixels form a curved surface. By adjusting the focal lengths of the lenses, the image distances of the pixels in the flat display panel can be various. The images of the pixels are then distributed on a curved surface. A visual effect of a virtual curved surface can be achieved with a flat display panel, improving the effect of visual impact.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a near-eye display system for generating a virtual image of a display, including: a display, a first lens array comprising a plurality of concave microlenses having a first pitch, and a second lens array positioned in front of the first lens array, the second lens array comprising a plurality of convex microlenses having a second pitch, wherein the first lens array is positioned on an optical path between the display and the second lens array, and wherein the first lens array has a focal plane at the display and the second lens array has a focal plane at a virtual image plane of the first lens array.

Abstract: A diffraction grating may include a substrate. The diffraction grating may include an etch stop layer to prevent etching of the substrate. The etch stop layer may be deposited on the substrate. The diffraction grating may include a marker layer to indicate an etch end-point associated with etching of a dielectric layer. The marker layer may be deposited on a portion of the etch stop layer. The diffraction grating may include the dielectric layer to form a grating layer after being etched. The dielectric layer may be deposited on at least the marker layer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a microscope (10) that encompasses an objective system (30) and a zoom system (32). The microscope furthermore has a diaphragm (60) for limiting the aperture of the beam path. A control unit (64) is furthermore provided, that control unit (64) automatically ascertaining, as a function of the current manifestation of at least one parameter of the microscope (10), a respective setting of the diaphragm (60) predetermined for the current manifestation, and setting the diaphragm (60) accordingly.

Abstract: Adjusting instrument for an exterior mirror of a motor vehicle, comprising a foot for attachment to a fixed element of the motor vehicle, and a housing adjustably connected with the foot, the housing being adjustable around a rotation axis extending through the adjusting instrument, while around the rotation axis a passage opening is provided for passing through a cable tree, the housing being provided with a slot along a height thereof which provides lateral access to the passage opening and the foot being provided with a slot along a height thereof which provides lateral access to the passage opening, the housing being furthermore adjustable relative to the foot into an assembly position in which the slot of the foot aligns with the slot of the housing to provide lateral access to the passage opening for laterally introducing a cable tree into the passage opening.

Abstract: Implementations of piezoelectric operated microscope focusing devices may include: a first block, having a first side and a second side, the first side coupled to a body of a microscope through four or more screws. The device may also include a second block, having a first surface, a second surface, and a side surface. The side surface may be coupled to the second side of the first block. The second surface of the second block may be configured to couple with an objective of the microscope. A piezoelectric operated microscope focusing device may also include an opening on the first surface of the second block. The opening may be configured to couple to an illuminator of a microscope. The opening may have a substantially rounded portion and an adapter orientated substantially perpendicular to the first block of the device. The adapter may include dove tail projections and mounting screws.

Abstract: An image quality is improved although a medical stereomicroscope optical system and a medical observation apparatus are small and light. An objective optical system and a plurality of imaging optical systems are arranged in an order from an object side to an image side, and the imaging optical system has at least a single aspheric surface. Accordingly, a spherical aberration and a field curvature are improved, and the image quality is improved although the medical stereomicroscope optical system and a medical observation apparatus are small and light.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a polarizer, including: a) immersing and swelling a polyvinyl alcohol-based film in an aqueous solution containing an azo-based dye having an absorption wavelength of 300 nm to 550 nm; b) dyeing the swollen polyvinyl alcohol-based film with an iodine-based dye; and c) stretching the dyed polyvinyl alcohol-based film, and a polarizer manufactured using the method.

Abstract: A microscope includes: a sample placement part having a placement surface on which to place a sample and a bottom face opposite to the placement surface; an observation lens; and an optical unit for generating sheet light and use of the microscope. The microscope of an embodiment is arranged such that the sheet light enters the sample placement part from the bottom face and passing through the sample placement part to irradiate the sample, and fluorescence from the sample passes through the sample placement part toward the bottom face to be received by the observation lens. The microscope can, with this arrangement, utilize the advantages of a SPIM, and allows observation of a sample which observation is free from a restriction of the size of a sample.

Abstract: A flexible display device includes a bending area including a display panel, an optical member, a polarization member, and a window member, and a non-bending area. A bending part of the optical member includes a plurality of optical patterns corresponding to the bending area, and the plurality of optical patterns are provided to have different widths at a face adjacent to the display panel and a face adjacent to the polarization member. Light leakage phenomenon and color shift phenomenon induced by the modification of the optical member in the bending area during bending of the display device may be improved.

Abstract: An optical device comprises a shared phase modulation mask configured to impart a first phase modulation to light of a first wavelength, and imparts a second phase modulation to light of a second wavelength, an irradiation optical system configured to cause the light of the first wavelength and the light of the second wavelength to enter the same incident region in the phase modulation mask, and a light collecting optical system configured to collect the light of the first phase-modulated first wavelength and the light of the second phase-modulated second wavelength to form an image corresponding to a point spread function.

Abstract: Provided is a micro drive unit, which is capable of performing multi-axis drive, the micro drive unit including: a movable object; and at least one pair of beams configured to pivotally support the movable object and formed only in one direction, the movable object being configured to rotate or translate in an x-axis direction, a y-axis direction, and a z-axis direction when the at least one pair of beams is twisted or bent at one or a plurality of resonant frequencies of the at least one pair of beams, thereby being capable of simultaneously avoiding upsizing and complication of the structure. And by incorporating the micro drive unit, a micro device capable of achieving multi-axis drive can be manufactured.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a display device includes an optical element urging incident light to be transmitted or reflected, a first reflective element includes a first retroreflective surface in an uneven state on which the light reflected on the optical element is retroreflected, and a first specular reflection surface on which the light reflected on the optical element is specularly reflected, and a second reflective element includes a second retroreflective surface in an uneven state on which the light reflected on the first specular reflection surface is retroreflected.

Abstract: A movable mirror device is provided as a unitary device with a position sensor and an analog-to-digital converter included in the unitary device.

Abstract: Described herein is a mirror apparatus comprising: a reflective substrate; and an anti-fog complex comprising: an adhesive layer atop the substrate; a first polymeric layer atop the pressure sensitive adhesive layer; and a second polymeric layer atop the first polymeric layer. Methods of making the mirror apparatus are also disclosed.

Abstract: Embodiments provide a lens moving apparatus including a housing for supporting a first magnet, a bobbin including a coil disposed on an outer surface thereof and inside the first magnet so as to move in the housing in a first direction parallel to an optical axis by electromagnetic interaction between the first magnet and the coil, and upper and lower elastic members, each of which is provided at the bobbin and the housing and includes an inner frame coupled to the bobbin and an outer frame coupled to the housing, wherein at least one of the upper and lower elastic members is constituted by a printed circuit board.

Abstract: An oscillation device includes an oscillator, an oscillation detector that detects an oscillation of the oscillator and outputs an oscillation detection signal, a phase shift controller that generates a phase shift signal to provide the drive signal as positive feedback to the oscillator, and an amplitude detector that detects an amplitude of the oscillation detection signal and outputs an oscillation amplitude signal. The oscillator is controlled based on the oscillation amplitude signal and the phase shift signal.