Abstract: The disclosure is directed to hologram elements, illuminators, and projectors. In one example, a hologram element comprises a relief structure configured to diffract incident light to form a first illumination pattern and a second illumination pattern on an illuminated surface. The second illumination pattern may form a specific mark for uniquely identifying the hologram element. In certain embodiments, the second illumination pattern is formed outside an illumination area. In other embodiments, the second illumination area is formed inside the illumination area.

Abstract: In an automatic microscope, there is the task to satisfy the demand for an economical, compact structure, especially a miniaturization as an essential aspect. The automatic microscope contains an optical system having the following: an illumination field (1) which is at least approximately arranged in the aperture diaphragm plane (ABE) of a condenser (2) and is used for the illumination of the object; an imaging optic (4); and, an image-providing sensor (5) arranged in the image plane of the imaging optic.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a laser processing apparatus which can be miniaturized and has a structure for achieving effective protection of the fiber laser light source. The laser processing apparatus comprises a fiber laser light source, a collimator, a spatial filter, an optical isolator, and a condenser lens. The optical isolator emits laser light from the collimator laser light in parallel to the direction of incidence of the laser light, and emits return light from the condenser lens at a predetermined angle with regard to the direction of incidence of the return light. The spatial filter comprises a pair of condenser lenses disposed such that the focal point is formed therebetween, and a pinhole mask disposed such that the pinhole is located at the focal point. At least, a part of the return light emitted from the optical isolator is blocked by the pinhole mask of the spatial filter.

Abstract: An electrical and optical hybrid film having high resistance to bending. The electrical and optical hybrid film has an optical waveguide film and an electrical wiring film on the optical waveguide film. The electrical and optical hybrid film has, between its opposite ends, a separated section where the electrical wiring film and the optical waveguide film are not secured to each other. The optical waveguide film has, at the separated section, a slit extending in the longitudinal direction, and the slit penetrates the optical waveguide film.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved optical layered body with reduced scintillation, gloss blackness, color effects and interference fringes, while maintaining antistatic and antiglare performance. The optical layered body comprises, in order, an antistatic layer, an antiglare layer and a low refractive index layer on a light-transmitting substrate, The antistatic layer is a thin resin layer containing antimony-doped tin oxide and a diffusion filler, and having a predetermined surface roughness on its surface.

Abstract: A polarizing plate comprising a polarizer comprising polyvinyl alcohol and a protective film on at least one side of the polarizer, the polarizer having a difference of 5.0% or smaller between maximum and minimum of an in-plane phase difference Rpva thereof in any area thereof measuring 39 cm wide and 65 cm long.

Abstract: A method and system for performing three-dimensional holographic microscopy of an optically trapped structure. The method and system use an inverted optical microscope, a laser source which generates a trapping laser beam wherein the laser beam is focused by an objective lens into a plurality of optical traps. The method and system also use a collimated laser at an imaging wavelength to illuminate the structure created by the optical traps. Imaging light scattered by the optically tapped structure forms holograms that are imaged by a video camera and analyzed by optical formalisms to determine light field to reconstruct 3-D images for analysis and evaluation.

Abstract: Three lenses formed of ZnS are used in combination. A first lens is a meniscus lens having a middle portion which is convex on an object side. A second lens has a middle portion that is a meniscus, which is concave on an object side and has positive refractive power, and a peripheral portion, which is convex on the object side. The first and second lenses have positive refractive power in combination. A third lens is provided adjacent to the second lens with a distance therebetween 1 mm or less and has a middle portion, which is a convex meniscus on an object side, and a peripheral portion which is concave on the object side. A diffraction surface is formed in either surface of the lens.

Abstract: A far-infrared camera includes three lenses formed of ZnS. A first lens is a biconvex lens, a second lens is a negative meniscus or biconcave lens, and a third lens is a positive meniscus lens. A diffraction surface is formed in either surface of a lens. When a total focal distance f of the lens system is 10 mm to 30 mm and a focal distance f12 of the first and second lenses is 20 mm to 70 mm, 1?f12/f?3.

Abstract: A micromechanical device described has an oscillation system with an oscillation body and an elastic suspension, by which the oscillation body is oscillatorily suspended. The elastic suspension has at least two spring beams. An adjuster for adjusting a resonant frequency of the oscillation system by changing the position of the at least two spring beams of the elastic suspension towards each other is provided.

Abstract: In a joined optical member, let the adhesion strength between a surface coating layer and an eyepiece prism be A1, the adhesion strength between the surface coating layer and a deflector prism be A2, the adhesion strength between the surface coating layer and adhesive be A3, and the adhesion strength between, at one end, the adhesive and, at the other, the eyepiece prism and the deflector prism be A4, then A1 (A2)>A3 and simultaneously A4>A3. This makes removal of superfluous adhesive on the surface coating layer easy, and prevents scratches on the exterior surfaces. Even after removal of superfluous adhesive, the surface coating layer remains on the exterior surfaces of the eyepiece prism and the deflector prism. This prevents scratches on the exterior surfaces in actual use, and prevents degradation of optical performance.

Abstract: There is described a process for the production of a multi-layer body (100) having a partially shaped first layer (3m), wherein it is provided that in the process a diffractive first relief structure (4) with a high depth-to-width ratio of the individual structure elements, in particular with a depth-to-width ratio of >0.3, is shaped in a first region (5) of a replication layer (3) of the multi-layer body (100) and the first layer (3m) is applied to the replication layer (3) in the first region (5) and in a second region (4, 6) in which the relief structure is not shaped in the replication layer (3), with a constant surface density, and the first layer (3m) is partially removed in a manner determined by the first relief structure so that the first layer (3m) is partially removed in the first region (5) or in the second region (4, 6) but not in the second region (4, 6) or in the first region (5) respectively.

Abstract: The tunable optical filter is provided, comprising an optical means for separating an input optical signal into a tunable drop optical signal and an output optical signal, wherein the output optical signal is directed back along the same path as the input optical signal. One embodiment of the invention comprises an optical circulator, a pair of polarization beam splitters, a pair of half-wave plates, an optical thin-film filter, a rotatable mirror, a spatially fixed mirror. Optical wavelengths are selected by making angular adjustments to the optical thin-film filter and the rotatable mirror, which are rotated by the same angle. A corresponding method for spectrally splitting and spatially separating an input optical signal into an output optical signal and a drop optical signal is also provided.

Abstract: A color light combining system comprises a polarizing beam splitter that includes a reflective polarizer film, a first prism face that receives a first unpolarized color light, a second prism face that receives a second unpolarized color light, and a third prism face that provides a first combined light output that includes combined first color light polarized in a first direction and second color light polarized in a second direction. The polarizing beam splitter includes a reflector at a fourth prism face. A color-selective stacked retardation polarization filter faces the third prism face. The first color selective stacked retardation polarization filter provides a second combined light output that includes the first and second color lights that are combined and have the same polarization direction.

Abstract: A microscope apparatus including a light source device, a storage table, and a setting controller is provided. The light source device includes a light intensity adjuster which changes light intensity of an illumination light of plural different wavelength regions selectively extracted from light emitted from a light source, and thereby emitting the illumination light including light of the plural different wavelength regions in such a manner that a light intensity ratio of light of one wavelength region to light of another wavelength region is variable. The storage table stores therein set values of the light intensity adjuster for each of combination patterns of the wavelength regions of the illumination light emitted from the light source device.

Abstract: A confocal microscope system capable of observing a bright field image and a fluorescent image together with a confocal image can be achieved with a simple configuration. The confocal microscope system may include a confocal scanner unit having a microlens array disc and a pin hole array disc, for scanning a face of the observation sample by a plurality of beam spots, a relay lens connected to a camera for acquiring observed images; a microscope for holding the observation sample and illuminating an observation light for observing the bright field image and an excitation light for observing the fluorescent image on the observation sample, and having a port part for outputting the observation light acquired from the observation sample to the confocal scanner unit; and a detour light path unit selectively inserted between the port part of the microscope and the confocal scanner unit.

Abstract: A multi-port RF MEMS switch, a switch matrix having several multi-port RF MEMS switches and an interconnect network have a monolithic structure with clamped-clamped beams, cantilever beams or thermally operated actuators. A method of fabricating a monolithic switch has clamped-clamped beams or cantilever beams.

Abstract: Light transmission in a vehicle may be controlled using a system that includes a linear polarizing means and an ellipticity increaser associated with a display in the vehicle. The ellipticity increaser is configured and oriented with respect to the linear polarizing means for increasing the ellipticity of light passing from the linear polarizing means through the ellipticity increaser. The system also includes an ellipticity adjuster and a linear polarizer associated with a window of the vehicle. The ellipticity adjuster is oriented with respect to the linear polarizer for increasing the ellipticity of light passing from the linear polarizer through the ellipticity adjuster. The ellipticity increaser and adjuster are disposed between the linear polarizing means and the linear polarizer, and are configured and oriented with respect to each other for reducing ellipticity of light passing from the linear polarizing means through the ellipticity increaser and adjuster to the linear polarizer.

Abstract: Consistent with the present disclosure, a filter is provided by depositing a coating a substrate. The coating, which may include a plurality of hard-coating layers, has an associated transmission characteristic having a passband, as well as extended blocking.

Abstract: A wavelength selection unit includes a light source which emits light of at least a predetermined wavelength region, a collector lens which collects the light emitted from the light source and emits a parallel flux which is inclined relative to a light axis of an optical system of itself, a selective reflection optical system which reflects light of a predetermined wavelength region from the parallel flux selectively, and a returning optical system which returns each reflected flux reflected by the selective reflection optical system symmetrically about a reflected light axis of the selective reflection optical system. The collector lens collects a back flux which is returned by the returning optical system and which is re-reflected by the selective reflection optical system, and forms a light source image of the light source.