Abstract: A cooling tower with corrugated ripple plate for a substantially vertical assembly in wet cooling towers or combined wet-dry cooling towers in counter-flow or cross-flow construction, of which the portion at the upper end, the corrugation and the spacing relative to the respective adjacent equally-formed ripple plates are formed such that cooling water which is distributed from a distribution device above the ripple plate ripples running down on both surfaces of the ripple plates as substantially uniform thickness water films, the latter being collected in water collector channels arranged at the lower ends of the ripple plates and being fed to a cooling water circuit. One water collector channel is attached on the lower edge of the ripple plates on each side thereof for collecting the water adjacent the lower ends of the ripple plates, from which the collected water is fed back to the cooling water circuit to the distributor device.

Abstract: An apparatus for compacting, degassing and carbonizing carbonaceous agglomerates, the apparatus comprising a rotary kiln having an agglomerate inlet means for introducing green agglomerates into the kiln near the inlet of the kiln and a heating medium inlet for introducing a heating medium comprising a finely divided solid into the kiln at a preselected location intermediate the inlet end of the kiln and the outlet end of the kiln to produce a mixture at a temperature above the carbonizing temperature of the agglomerates and a sieve positioned to receive the products from the rotary kiln and separate the heating medium and the compacted, degassed, carbonized agglomerate product. A method for producing compacted, degassed, carbonized carbonaceous agglomerates by the use of the apparatus is also disclosed.

Abstract: Sugar is crystallized from aqueous solutions thereof by spraying a supersaturated sugar solution or syrup at elevated temperature into a high velocity air stream, at ambient temperature, whereby crystallization and drying occur rapidly and the sugar crystals are entrained in the air stream and carried away from the spray zone in pneumatic transport.

Abstract: A liquid collecting device comprises a liquid collecting trough, an inclined wall extending above the trough for directing generally vertically falling liquid into the trough and a panel composed of a plurality vertically directed intersecting walls positioned a small distance above a major portion of the inclined wall. The collecting device has particular utility liquid-gas contacting apparatus.

Abstract: The immersion extractor is designed for use with a solid material containing an extractable component and includes a plurality of adjacent chambers each formed to contain a liquid solvent bath for extracting the component from the material and a continuous conveyor for displacing the material through the chambers. Partitions are used to define substantially vertical entryways for the conveyor at one side of the chambers and substantially vertical exitways for the conveyor at the opposite side of the chambers thus maintaining between the entryway and exitway of each container a quiescent solvent surface which is decanted for removal of solvent and dissolved component. A single continuous conveyor is used and the return leg of the conveyor is structured to carry out a final percolation-type extraction of the extractable component.

Abstract: Pollutant particles, particularly lead particles, are removed from engine exhaust gases by passing the gases successively through three aligned chambers, of which the first and third contain wire mesh or expanded metal packings, while the second chamber is divided by a deflecting baffle which deflects the partially cleaned exhaust gases downwards to deposit particles in the bottom of the second chamber.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of cleaning a filter bed for filtering gas, the bed being comprised of particulate material, the method comprising passing a gas stream through the filter bed from below which being counter current to the direction of flow through the filter bed during filtering, and disturbing at least the upper surface of the bed with a gas stream issuing from a nozzle located above the bed.The present invention also provides apparatus for filtering comprising a support for a filter bed of particulate material, means adapted in use to pass a gas stream through the filter bed from below which being counter current to the direction of flow through the filter bed during filtering and a nozzle located above the bed adapted in use to direct a gas stream to disturb at least the upper surface of the filter bed.

Abstract: An apparatus for mixing a liquid and a gas in a tank includes a means for circulating the liquid in the tank and a sparge ring for dispersing gas into the tank. The circulating means includes a plurality of blades extending downwardly from a bottom surface of a disc so that rotation of the blades creates a suction area. The sparge ring introduces gas into the tank in a direction that bypasses the suction area to prevent the gas from flowing into the suction area. Preferably, the sparge ring has a discharge means with a radius that is larger than the distance from the center of the disc to the outer tips of the blades.

Abstract: Improved nebulizing apparatus is disclosed for generating a heated liquid-dispensed-in-gas mist for administration to a patient undergoing aerosol therapy. The apparatus includes a novel fastening means for attaching a heater unit to the underside of a reservoir containing the liquid. The heater unit is easily attached and detached and yet enables good heat conductivity for heating the liquid within the interior of the reservoir. The bottom of the reservoir itself includes a concave heat conducting surface which, in operation, is in direct contact with the surface of the heater unit. The fastening means includes at least two draw clips which extend upwardly from the heater unit and which engage the reservoir to effect the desired fastening. By an adjustment of the draw clips with respect to the heater unit, the heat conducting surface of the reservoir can be forced out of its concavity to a flat, planar shape in good surface contact with the heater to enhance heat conductivity to liquid within the reservoir.

Abstract: A filter box contains within a rotatably mounted filter, structured as a drum, a fiber preseparator cooperating with such filter. The fiber preseparator has a ventilator at its inlet and operatively flow communicates with a fiber separator. This fiber separator contains a movable plunger or equivalent structure, by means of which the separated fibers are compacted and ejected into a collecting container. The air flowing through the filter effluxes through an opening in the filter box into the machine room or area containing the textile machines with which the filter box is used. The air responsible for transport of the fibers from the preseparator into the fiber separator, following separation from the fibers, is returned back to the suction side of the ventilator and again into the preseparator. A suction tube cooperates with the inner side or wall of the rotating filter drum. This suction tube likewise flow communicates with the suction side of the ventilator by means of a dust separator.

Abstract: A cyclone separator for separating fine particles or dust from a gas stream comprising a main separator chamber 11 having a tangential gas inlet 10 to form a circulating gas vortex about an axis 12, and a gas outlet opening 19 aligned with the vortex axis at one end of the chamber and communicating with a main gas outlet duct 20. Within the main separator chamber 11 there are positioned baffles or vanes 14,15 which separate off the heavier solid particles into a hopper 13 below the chamber. Adjacent the outlet aperture 19 is an annular opening 21 which communicates with a subsidiary casing 22 having a tangential outlet 23. Fine particles are therefore flung outwards by centrifugal force into the casing 22 and are then separated in a further cyclone separator 25.

Abstract: An improved carburetor for an internal combustion engine, the carburetor being simplified in construction over the prior art carburetors and incorporating versatility through the use of a self-adjusting double venturi which permits the carburetor to operate effectively over a wide range of operating conditions. Parts with bearing surfaces are lubricated by gasoline and are located where they will not be contaminated by dust carried by airflow through the carburetor.

Abstract: The present invention refers to the mounting of filter bags and the like of the kind comprising the mounting of such filter bags in a frame which holds them by means of a holding ring and which applies pressure against the outer walls of the frame, securing the lip of the bags between the body of the frame and the holding ring.

Abstract: A portable loam screening apparatus includes a nearly-square sloping shaker screen supported by a box-like frame. The frame has a tall end and a short end joined by two sides. Funneling surfaces directed toward the screen are provided along the upper edges of the tall end and the sides. The short end is closed to provide a wall between separated loam and coarse material. A mixture of loam and coarse material is dumped onto the shaker screen from the shovel of an excavating vehicle. The coarse material falls from the lower end of the shaker screen outside of the frame, and the loam passes through the shaker screen to within the box-like frame. The separated loam falls down a sloping table within the frame and can then be retrieved by an excavating vehicle through the open tall end of the frame. A set of wheels mounted to one side of the frame is moveable relative to the frame from an operative position for transporting the apparatus to an inoperative position for resting the frame flush on the ground.

Abstract: A damping tube-shaped bypass measurement section with protective maintenance features and continuous flow velocity scanning on absorptive filtration units in the nuclear engineering field is disclosed. The bypass measurement section comprises a tube-shaped bypass measurement section, having single or double elements, for absorption filters, featuring at least one shut-off device, and including an absorption layer thickness connected to the main filtration unit which is to be controlled or monitored, and provides for an equivalent absorption layer thickness.

Abstract: A cylindrical cartridge having a housing containing a replenishable water supply is employed as a water supply source for producing an aerosol with an oxygen stream for inhalation therapy through the agency of a nebulizer adapter which couples pressurized oxygen to the water cartridge. A primary venturi-type insert member is disposed uprightly within a vertical tubular portion of the cartridge. The venturi draws water from the water supply and directs atomized droplets of water and oxygen into a mixing chamber. The aerosol flows out of the cartridge through an outlet nozzle. The cartridge is an elongated housing having a capillary active cylindrical absorption surface means internally whereby water is drawn up along the cartridge's cylindrical body wall which serves as an evaporating surface. The aerosol containing oxygen is humidified by being further charged with evaporated water from the capillary absorption means. Suitable egress port means is provided to which a flexible tube is connected.

Abstract: A device for floating on a body of water such as a lake or a pond and which draws up water and aerates it and then dumps the aerated water back on the body of water. More specifically, the device includes an impeller for pumping the water upwardly against a rotatable beater which in turn sucks in air and mixes the water and air thoroughly, forces it against a deflecting baffle and the baffle in turn then directs the mixture downwardly onto the body of water. The beater includes a generally horizontally disposed plate having paddles at its underside and having air scoops on its upper side and which functions to thoroughly aerate the water and direct it against the baffle.

Abstract: An apparatus for introducing gas, e.g. atmospheric oxygen, into a liquid such as waste water or sewage comprises a plurality of ribs of airfoil cross-section and forming venturi nozzles which are first constricted and then widened in the direction of liquid flow. The ribs are formed with minute passages for introducing the gas into the liquid perpendicular to the direction of liquid flow across the ribs.

Abstract: A gas scrubber having an air inlet and an air exit, said scrubber comprising: a plurality of venturi tubes having upstream ends and downstream ends, the venturi tubes being arranged parallel to each other; a centrifugal separator in communication with the downstream ends of the venturi tubes; a blower for drawing dust-laden air into the upstream ends of the venturi tubes and then into the centrifugal separator; nozzles for introducing water into the air flowing through the venturi tubes; an inner tubular housing surrounding the venturi tubes; an outer tubular housing surrounding and spaced from the inner tubular housing so as to form a space between the housings; a conduit for conducting air from the blower to the air exit; a funnel widening in the air flow direction so as to have an inlet end and an outlet end of larger cross section than the inlet end, the inlet end being connected to the air exit; and porous air filter material connected completely across the outlet end of the funnel.

Abstract: A liquid sealing apparatus for attachment to a tank having vapor having a liquid seal for providing containment of the vapor throughout a range of tank pressure. An inert gas supply may be provided to maintain the pressure in the tank at a predetermined point and a diluting fluid supply may be provided with a bypass connection around the sealing apparatus for admission of the diluting fluid upon predetermined high and low pressures in the tank. A scrubber may be attached to the apparatus for treating vapors which break through the liquid seal on an increase in pressure in the tank. The liquid sealing apparatus may include an enclosure having first, second and third liquid compartments separated by partitions with a liquid trap connected to the first and third compartments for maintaining liquid therein, and having first and second gas compartments above the fluid compartments separated by a third partition positioned in the liquid in the second fluid compartment providing a liquid seal.