Abstract: A remote survey system uses a GNSS receiver, an on-board camera and a vision subsystem to provide real time three-dimensional (3D) global position information for a survey point that is in a location in which access to line-of-sight GNSS satellites signals is restricted. The camera takes images of the restricted access survey point location from unrestricted access locations and the GNSS receiver determines associated global positions. The vision system tracks an object of interest and at least three secondary objects at the restricted access survey point location in a plurality of the images and determines the positions of the objects relative to the camera and the orientations of the camera for the respective images. Using the relative positions, the camera orientations and the global positions of the camera, the vision subsystem calculates the global position of the restricted access survey point.

Abstract: This invention allows combining broadband GW(10+9 Watt), peak power to achieve MV/m(10+6 Volt/meter), and GV/m(10+9 Volt/meter), radiated E-fields, in the range of air or vacuum breakdown in the entire electromagnetic spectrum, including optical frequencies and beyond. Use of many antennas and independently triggered generators allows achieving GV/m field, while by preventing the E-field induced breakdown it provides control of peak power and energy content at targets. The achieved broadband MV/m E-field levels and energy density significantly exceed levels required for destruction of distant electronic targets; therefore this invention radically improves the effectiveness of the electromagnetic weapons. Furthermore, collimating multiplicity of MV/m beams allows reaching GV/m E-field that exceeds by orders of magnitude the air or vacuum breakdown needed for broadband plasma excitation at resonance plasma frequencies in the 300 GHz range, permitting energy efficient plasma research leading to fusion.

Abstract: A navigation signal transmitting apparatus, provided on ground, for transmitting a navigation signal to a receiver capable of positioning by receiving a spread spectrum satellite positioning signal from a satellite has first and second transmission antennas; a message generating unit that generates a message signal of positional information included in the navigation signal, and a modulating unit that modulates the message signal by a modulation process including spectrum spreading, based on spread codes of the same sequence as the satellite positioning signal allotted in advance to the navigation signal transmitting apparatus, for generating first and second navigation signals. The modulating unit executes the modulating process using either one of the first and second navigation signals as an object of demodulation at each time of reception by the receiver.

Abstract: A correction message for regional GNSS data includes at least one network message and at least one cluster message. The at least one network message relates to stations of a network of stations within a region. The at least one cluster message relates to a subset of stations within the region. Network elements are extracted from the network message and cluster elements are extracted from the cluster message. Network elements and cluster elements are used to determine a position of a rover within the region.

Abstract: To increase efficiency of optical control of phase shifting elements, arrangements comprising optical lenses are presented. The optical lenses may be arranged in reflective arrays so as to focus light from a light source on a phase shifting element, which may be placed in a feed point of an antenna, such as for example a lithographic antenna. In some embodiments, thus both optical controlling radiation and radio frequency, RF, power are concentrated in substantially the same place.

Abstract: A method is provided, which includes scanning at least one radio frequency identification (RFID) tag to obtain an identifier of the RFID tag; querying a database using the identifier of the at least one RFID tag to collect information about a location of the at least one RFID tag; determining a bias of a vehicle relative to the location of the scanned at least one RFID tag; and calculating a location of the vehicle based on the bias and the location of the at least one RFID tag.

Abstract: An efficient covariance matrix computation method is disclosed in connection with certain GNSS applications, including Advanced Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (ARAIM) and geometry screening. The system and method of the present application enable computation of multiple covariance matrices with substantially greater efficiency than previous approaches, including the rank-one update formula. For example, the system and method of the present application advantageously involves substantially fewer and simpler arithmetic operations than previous approaches. In addition, unlike the rank-one update formula, the system and method of the present application can be used to compute the subsolution in which all the satellites of a given constellation are removed.

Abstract: Doppler Aided Inertial Navigation (DAIN) facilitates the determination of position, velocity and direction of mobile devices operating in highly obstructed GPS/GNSS environments. Delivering high precision, high resolution positioning information using signals of opportunity, the present invention measures the Doppler shift of a moving device using a variety of signals combined with inertial accelerometers and environmental sensors to deliver an autonomous positioning and navigation capability that does not require external infrastructure or a priori knowledge of signal sources.

Abstract: An apparatus for performing calibration of an antenna array having a plurality of antennas including at least a first antenna and a second antenna. The apparatus includes a global navigation satellite system receiver configured to measure a first phase of a first signal received by the first antenna from a satellite and a second phase of a second signal received by the second antenna from the satellite. The apparatus also includes at least one processor configured to receive the first phase and the second phase from the global navigation satellite system receiver and to operate in a calibration mode to determine a difference between the first and second phases.

Abstract: A system for beam training including a transmitter forming a transmission beam using a transmission array and a receiver forming a receiving beam using a receiving array is disclosed. The transmitter transmits an identifier of a transmission training beam selected from the transmission beams using a secondary synchronization signal or a common reference signal, etc. The identifier of the transmission training beam is used for the beam training.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for geolocating emitters in a multi-emitter environment is disclosed. A number of lines of bearing (LOBs) associated with emitters of particular signal characteristics are determined, and a peak where the greatest number of such LOBs intersect is identified. A group of the LOBs that are within a distance threshold of the identified peak identified and used to locate a first emitter. The first group of LOBs are then excluded from consideration, facilitating the easier identification of a second peak where the greatest number of residual LOBs intersect. Residual LOBs within a threshold distance of the second peak are identified, and used to identify the second emitter, and the process is repeated until satisfactory results are obtained.

Abstract: A plurality of GNSS satellite signals feeds multiple signal processing engines, each operating in certain processing mode including carrier smoothed pseudorange positioning, precise point positioning (PPP), pseudorange differential (DGNSS), carrier phase differential (RTK). Each processing engine (or processing thread of the same engine) runs the same unified numerical algorithm and uses the same or different sets of parameters. All engines can use the same set of signals, or the set of signals can be split into non-intersecting subsets, or the set of signals can be split into the overlapping subsets. Each engine produces estimates of certain parameters, namely carrier phase ambiguities and ionospheric delays for each satellite. These estimates are then combined into a resulting estimate which in turn is used for calculation of the final position reported by the receiver.

Abstract: A method, system and device for obtaining the position of a mobile device. The method including determining a current set of possible positions of the mobile device from a distance between the mobile device and an anchor device at a current instant; determining a subsequent set of possible positions at a subsequent instant from the current set of possible positions and from a vector of movement of the mobile device at the instant; estimating the distance between the mobile device and the anchor device at the subsequent instant; obtaining a new current set of possible positions of the mobile device by selecting within the subsequent positions those which are, from the anchor device, at the distance estimated at the estimating step; and repeating the last three steps until the new current set of possible positions includes only one element.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a plurality of receivers, a controller and memory storing instructions executable by the controller, the instructions, when executed by the controller causing the controller to receive data of signals received via the receivers as a signal from a transmitter, to segment the received data into a plurality of consecutive segments, to determine if consecutive data segments have changed in a manner indicative of movement of the transmitter and to, based on the determination, determine an angle of arrival of the signal based on data segments that have solely been received before or that have solely been received after a detected change in consecutive data segments indicative of movement of the transmitter or that have been received between two detected changes in consecutive data segments indicative of movement of the transmitter.

Abstract: Various embodiments are described that relate to radio beamforming waveform transmission. Transmission can occur, for example, in three manners. The first manner is time-based where waveform transmission is staggered at the same frequency. The second manner is frequency-based where different frequencies are used at one time. This third manner is a combination of time and frequency such that simultaneous transmission occurs, but at different times different frequencies are used.

Abstract: Aspects of the disclosure include a method for sharing satellite navigation messages. The method includes receiving a download report from a receiver. The download report indicates what portions of a satellite navigation message are currently stored by the receiver. The method also includes determining whether to update a satellite navigation message database associated with a server based on the portions of the satellite navigation message stored by the receiver. In response to determining that the satellite navigation message database should be updated, the method further includes requesting the receiver to transmit a subset of the satellite navigation message currently stored by the receiver to the server; receiving the subset of the satellite navigation message; and updating the satellite navigation message database associated with the server based on the received subset of the satellite navigation message.

Abstract: This invention allows combining broadband GW(10+9 Watt), peak power to achieve MV/m(10+6 Volt/meter), and GV/m(10+9 Volt/meter), radiated E-fields, in the range of air or vacuum breakdown in the entire electromagnetic spectrum, including optical frequencies and beyond. Use of many antennas and independently triggered generators allows achieving GV/m field, while by preventing the E-field induced breakdown it provides control of peak power and energy content at targets. The achieved broadband MV/m E-field levels and energy density significantly exceed levels required for destruction of distant electronic targets; therefore this invention radically improves the effectiveness of the electromagnetic weapons. Furthermore, collimating multiplicity of MV/m beams allows reaching GV/m E-field that exceeds by orders of magnitude the air or vacuum breakdown needed for broadband plasma excitation at resonance plasma frequencies in the 300 GHz range.

Abstract: A plurality of GNSS satellite signals feeds the signal processing engine operating in certain processing mode including carrier phase smoothed pseudorange positioning, precise point positioning (PPP), pseudorange differential (DGNSS), and carrier phase differential (RTK). The processing engine calculates two estimates of the ionosphere delay for each satellite: the filtered delay and the instant delay. Comparison of them allows to detect turbulent variation of the ionosphere and adjust parameters of two-parametric dynamic mode which improves positioning precision.

Abstract: An object is to provide in a positioning device of a moving body such as a vehicle, a technique which can modify a built-in clock error of a moving body to increase accuracy of a velocity. The positioning device includes a built-in clock error estimating unit which estimates a built-in clock error of the vehicle as a built-in clock error based on a difference between a delta range and a calculated range rate, and a range rate estimating unit which estimates a vehicle stop range rate based on position and velocity of GPS satellite based on transmission signal and a vehicle position, and modifies a calculated range rate, based on the built-in clock error. Further, the positioning device includes an own vehicle velocity calculating unit which calculates own vehicle velocities in three axial directions which form an orthogonal coordinate system, based on a navigation matrix, the vehicle stop range rate and the modified calculated range rate.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for computing a bound B up to a given confidence level 1??, of an error in a state vector estimation KSV of a state vector TSV of a physical system as provided by a Kalman filter. The method decomposes the errors of the Kalman solution as a sum of the errors due to each of the measurement types used in the filter, In addition, the contribution of each type of measurement is bounded by a multivariate t-distribution that considers the error terms from all the epochs processed. Then, the method implements three main operations: computing a probability distribution of the measurement errors for each epoch and measurement type; summing the previous distributions to obtain a global distribution that models the Kalman solution error; and computing the error bound B for a given confidence level from the resulting distribution.