Abstract: Process for the conversion of carbohydrates to polyhydric alcohols. Carbohydrates, such as glucose and cornstarch hydrolyzate, are converted to polyhydric alcohols by hydrogenation at high pressure in the presence of a catalyst comprising ruthenium on a crystalline aluminosilicate clay. The clay is preferably acid treated and calcined prior to impregnation with ruthenium. Clays containing a major proportion of montmorillonite are preferred.

Abstract: Unsaturated compounds of the general formula: ##SPC1##Wherein R is defined hereinafter are prepared.

Abstract: Bis-substituted benzyl acetic acids, e.g., bis-(p-pivaloylbenzyl)acetic acid, are prepared by hydrolyzing and decarboxylating a corresponding bis-(p-pivaloylbenzyl)malonic acid diethyl ester and are useful as hypolipidemic agents.

Abstract: Superior ashless additives for lubricants are prepared by a process comprising first introducing a petroleum sulfonic acid and a polyamine to a reaction zone and subsequently introducing a cyclic anhydride of a dicarboxylic acid into the reaction zone. In another embodiment, the solids content of the additives is reduced to acceptable levels by removal of free SO.sub.2 from the petroleum sulfonic acid prior to preparing the additive. Lubricating oil compositions containing these ashless additives are also provided.

Abstract: This invention relates to phenoxyalkylamines having the formula: ##SPC1##Wherein R is a radical selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and hydroxy, R.sup.2 is a radical selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and methyl, A is a radical selected from the group consisting of ##EQU1## wherein R.sup.1 is an alkyl radical having 2-6 carbon atoms. Said phenoxyalkylamines are coronary vasodilators.

Abstract: The present invention relates to phenyl derivatives, useful as insect hormones and with a method of providing a locus free of pests when using said phenyl derivatives or compositions containing same.

Abstract: Processes are described for the preparation of 2,2,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-ylacetaldehyde (hereinafter referred to as "beta-cyclohomocitral" which either (A) comprises the steps of:I. Oxidizing beta-ionone having the formula: ##SPC1##with a peralkanoic acid having the formula: ##EQU1## (wherein R is H, methyl or ethyl) in the presence of buffer and in the absence of dimethyl formamide, to form 2,2,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-ylvinylacetate (hereinafter referred to as beta-ionone enol ester) having the formula: ##SPC2##Ii. hydrolyzing said beta-ionone enol ester using a basic hydrolysis agent to form beta-cyclohomocitral having the structure: ##SPC3##Or (B) oxidizing beta-ionone with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of inorganic base to form beta-cyclohomocitral, directly.

Abstract: Trimethylolpropane prepared in alkali solution by the condensation of n-butyraldehyde and formaldehyde is purified by extraction of the trimethylolpropane from the process effluent with a first solvent and the subsequent addition of a second solvent to the extract to further reduce the content of water and alkali salts. The first solvent may be recovered from the trimethylolpropane containing mixture by a simple distillation. The remaining mixture of trimethylolpropane and the second solvent may be separated by settling and decanting. In a preferred embodiment isobutanol is the first solvent and xylene is the second solvent.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are substituted 2-hydroxy-2-phenylbutylsulfonate compounds which are useful as herbicides.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to novel ethers and glycosides of prostaglandin analogues, for example 16-(3-chlorophenoxy)-1-methoxy-17,18,19,20-tetranor-5-cis,13-trans-prostad ien-9.alpha. ,11.alpha. ,15.alpha.-triol, to a process for their manufacture, to compositions containing them, and to their use in a method of inducing luteolysis in a warm-blooded animal host.

Abstract: In the hydroformylation, or oxo, reaction, where olefins are reacted with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a Group VIII metal complex catalyst to form aldehydes and alcohols, the catalyst can be advantageously modified by complexing it with an organic compound of pentavalent phosphorus, arsenic or antimony, as a ligand. When these compounds are used as the catalyst modifier, or ligand, in the reaction, a stable catalyst results which allows the oxo alcohols and aldehydes to be readily recovered from the reaction product without a special treatment to remove the catalyst metal. Furthermore, the catalyst-containing residues can be recycled for subsequent use in the hydroformylation reaction without a substantial impairment of the yields from these reactions. The ligand is incorporated into the catalyst complex in the proportion of about 0.5 to about 10 gram mols ligand per gram atom of the metal.

Abstract: Indane derivatives of general formula (I): ##SPC1##in which:R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 represent a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, preferably containing 1 to 6 and particularly 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or an arylalkyl group, or together form a cycloalkyl ring containing 3-6 carbon atoms; R.sub.3 is a hydrogen atom or a lower alkyl preferably containing 1 to 6 and particularly 1 to 4 carbon atoms; R.sub.4 represents the group --NR.sub.5 R.sub.6 in which R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 may be the same or different and each represent a hydrogen atom, a carbamoyl group or a lower alkyl radical preferably containing 1 to 6 and particularly 1 to 4 carbon atoms which may optionally be substituted by amino, alkylamino, dialkylamino, hydroxy, aryl or aroyl groups which aroyl groups may be substituted; or in which R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 may be joined to form a ring optionally containing other hetero atoms; and non-toxic pharmaceutically acceptable salts and esters thereof.

Abstract: A process for precipitating a crystalline diamine dicarboxylate which comprises dissolving the corresponding dicarboxylic acid in the aqueous liquid containing diamine dicarboxylate and adding the sufficient amount of the corresponding diamine to precipitate the desired product by neutralization.

Abstract: A process for preparing compounds of the type of sinensal, which is suitable as a flavor-imparting agent of orange aroma, and novel intermediates including those having the general formula: ##SPC1##Wherein R signifies a CH.sub.2 OH, CHO or COOH group and the broken lines present a double bond emanating from C-atom 4, are disclosed.

Abstract: Salts of iodomethanesulfonic acid and an organic base, more particularly, glucamine, N-alkyl- and N, N-dialkylglucamines and N-hydroxyalkyl- and N,N-di-hydroxyalkylglucamines, are useful as X-ray contrast agents, especially for spinal X-ray examination.

Abstract: Anti-allergic agents present the following structural formula: ##SPC1##In whichR is --H, lower alkyl or an alkali metal cation.R.sup.2 is alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms or hydroxyalkyl of 2 to 6 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Compounds, useful as herbicides, of the formula ##SPC1##Wherein R.sub.1 is haloalkyl, halocycloalkyl, haloalkenyl, or halocycloalkenyl; n.sub.1 is 1 or 2; R.sub.4 is halogen, trifluoromethyl, alkyl, or alkoxy; n.sub.2 is 0, 1, 2, or 3; R.sub.2 is hydrogen or alkyl; and R.sub.3 is alkyl or alkoxy.Methods for making these compounds.

Abstract: N-arylurea compounds of the formula ##SPC1##In whichn is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5,X is halogen or halomethoxy, the X's being identical or different when n is 2 to 5,R.sup.1 is hydrogen, alkyl of from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, hydroxyalkyl of from 1 to 4 carbon atoms or alkenyl of from 2 to 4 carbon atoms, andR.sup.2 is alkyl of from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, hydroxyalkyl of from 1 to 4 carbon atoms or alkenyl of from 2 to 4 carbon atomsAre prepared by reacting an arylcarboxylic acid amide of the general formula ##SPC2##In whichX and n have the meanings stated above, with an alkali metal hypohalite or an alkaline earth metal hypohalite at a temperature of from 0.degree. to 40.degree.C in the presence of water as a diluent, and reacting the resulting aqueous solution with an amine of the general formula ##EQU1## in whichR.sup.1 and R.sup.2 have the meanings stated above, at an elevated temperature, preferably at a temperature of from 30.degree. to 100.degree.C.

Abstract: New organic compounds derived from urea or thiourea, insecticidal preparations on the basis of the new substances and methods of producing the substances.

Abstract: The subject of the invention is a process for the manufacture of water-soluble condensation products of hydroxymethylphosphonium compounds and thiourea or biuret, characterised in that (a) one mol of a tetrakis-(hydroxymethyl)-phosphonium compound is condensed with (b) 0.02 to 0.5 mol, preferably 0.1 to 0.3 mol, of optionally methylolated thiourea or biuret at 40.degree. to 120.degree.C, optionally in the presence of formaldehyde or a formaldehyde-releasing agent and optionally in the presence of an inert organic solvent, the condensation is optionally thereafter continued at temperatures of 100.degree. to 150.degree.C and, if appropriate, free hydroxyl groups are etherified at least partially with at least one alkanol with 1 to 4 carbon atoms and, if appropriate, the salts of the condensation products are converted into the corresponding hydroxides. In addition to the preferred molar ratio range of 1:0.1 to 0.3, the range of 0.2 to 0.5 is also advantageous.