Abstract: This invention comprising in hydroxypropyl starch for preparing empty capsules in alimentary and medical use, and hydroxypropyl starch-based soft capsules. This invention takes water as solvent, mix with propylene epoxide and catalyst for reaction, after washing, drying, hydroxypropyl starch is completed. The MS level of substitution of starch is around 2˜5, gelatinization point between 25˜60° C. After the hydroxypropyl starch is gelatinized by heating in water, a hydroxypropyl starch matrix soft capsule can be prepared. The invention consists in introducing hydroxypropyl by modifying the molecular chain of starch to improve the flexibility and hydrophilicity of starch. Therefore, a hydroxypropyl starch matrix soft capsule capable of preparing a flexible and disintegrating property is provided.

Abstract: An organic UVA filter-stabilized antioxidant system demonstrates stabilization after UV exposure as compared with controls lacking the UVA filter stabilizer. The organic UVA filter-stabilized antioxidant system provides a cosmetic composition that confers preserved and sustained antioxidant efficacy to keratinous tissue. The antioxidant system includes a combination of at least one hydroxycinnamate derivative, and an organic, water-soluble UVA filter in a water-based carrier.

Abstract: The invention relates to human milk oligosaccharides (HMO) and its use in treatment of autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

Abstract: A method and a composition comprising human milk oligosaccharides for decreasing the production of detrimental proteolytic metabolites such as ammonia and branched chain fatty acids in the intestinal microbiota of humans, which is useful for the treatment of brain-gut disorders like autism, stress, anxiety, and depressive disorders, are disclosed. Methods of treatment of colon cancer and liver damage are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing a low endotoxin alkali chitosan, chitin, chitosan derivative or chitin derivative, and also to a process for producing low endotoxin neutral chitosan, chitosan salt and chitosan derivatives, and to the products of such processes. The process comprises contacting chitosan, chitin, chitosan derivative or chitin derivative with an alkali solution having a concentration of less than 0.25M to form a mixture; leaving the mixture for a period of less than 12 hours and optionally drying the mixture. The low endotoxin alkali chitosan may be used in the manufacture of other useful chitosan based products.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composition for use in the prevention or treatment of Salmonellosis in animals, said use comprising administering the composition to the animal, wherein the composition contains at least 0.01% by weight of dry matter of rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I) polysaccharides having a molecular weight of more than 2 kDa and having a backbone consisting of galacturonic acid residues and rhamnose residues, said rhamnose residues being contained in alpha(1?4)-galacturonic-alpha(1?2)-rhamnose residues, wherein the molar ratio of galacturonic acid residues to rhamnose residues in the RG-I polysaccharides is within the range of 50:1 to 1:1. The use of RG-I polysaccharides in the treatment or prevention of Salmonellosis provides an alternative for the widespread use of antibiotics. Furthermore, these RG-I polysaccharides may be used to prevent or treat Salmonellosis caused by Salmonella strains with resistance to antibiotics.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing a low endotoxin alkali chitosan, and also to a process for producing low endotoxin neutral chitosan, chitosan salt and chitosan derivatives, and to the products of such processes. The process comprises contacting chitosan with an alkali solution to form a mixture and leaving the mixture for at least about 12 hours. The low endotoxin alkali chitosan may be used the manufacture of other useful chitosan based products.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the field of pharmaceutical chemistry, and particularly to a compound represented by Formula (I), a preparation method and medical use thereof. In the compound represented by Formula (I), a lactulosyl group is connected to a heteroatom of genin (G) via a glycosidic bond, wherein the genin (G) is a group formed by removing one hydrogen atom from a heteroatom of an active pharmaceutical molecule, and “” indicates that the lactulosyl group is connected to the heteroatom of the genin (G) via an ?-glycosidic bond or a ?-glycosidic bond. Pharmacokinetic experiments prove that the lactuloside compound according to the present disclosure can pass through the gastrointestinal tract of a mammal without being absorbed significantly by the gastrointestinal tract and hydrolyzed significantly by endogenous enzymes of a mammal host. Therefore, the lactuloside compound can arrive at the colon site of the mammal, and release an active drug in the colon under the action of colon flora.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing a low endotoxin alkali chitosan, and also to a process for producing low endotoxin neutral chitosan, chitosan salt and chitosan derivatives, and to the products of such processes. The process comprises contacting chitosan with an alkali solution to form a mixture and leaving the mixture for at least about 12 hours. The low endotoxin alkali chitosan may be used in the manufacture of other useful chitosan based products.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses an ultrasonic-assisted method of extracting a pectin rich in RG-I. The method includes: (1) dispersing citrus peel powders in an alkaline solution containing sodium borohydride; (2) placing a solution obtained in step (1) in a water bath of 25 to 40° C., and performing an ultrasonic treatment on the solution obtained in step (1); (3) centrifuging the solution subjected to step (2) at a speed of 6000-8000 rpm to remove residues, retaining a supernatant, and precipitating a pectic polysaccharide with absolute ethanol; and (4) adding water to the pectic polysaccharide precipitant subjected to step (3) to obtain a redissolved solution, transferring the solution to a dialysis bag with a molecular weight cut-off of 3000 to 3500 Da, dialyzing for 48 hours, and freeze-drying in a vacuum freezer to obtain the pectin rich in RG-I.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method/system for preparing encapsulated exosomes from a biological sample containing exosomes, said method comprising: a) dispersing inorganic oxide particles into a buffer solution comprising a polymer and a biological sample comprising exosomes, b) allowing the polymer to react with the inorganic oxide particles to form capsules, wherein the exosomes are inside the capsules. The present disclosure also relates to a method/system for isolating and purifying encapsulated exosomes, said method comprising: a) preparing an aqueous micellar system comprising at least one surfactant, and at least one salt; b) mixing a biological sample containing encapsulated exosomes with the aqueous micellar system from step a); c) allowing the aqueous micellar system to phase separate, wherein the surfactant partitions substantially into one phase, and the other phase has a lower concentration of surfactant; and d) obtaining the encapsulated exosomes from the capsule-rich phase.

Abstract: The present application is directed to antimicrobial compositions comprising chitosan polymers of at least two different average molecular weights (Mws), wherein the Mw of each different chitosan polymer is selected to target a different microorganism as well as method of making and using the compositions and product comprising the compositions.

Abstract: A purified composition of steviol glycoside molecules is described. The composition imparts desirable taste, flavor and flavor modifying properties to food, beverages, and other consumable products.

Abstract: A composition containing one or more materials selected from the group consisting of fatty acids, proteins, peptides, amino acids, vitamins, minerals, alcohols, sweeteners, acidulants, antioxidants, thickening stabilizer, and surfactants, and a flavonoid-cyclodextrin inclusion compound, wherein the inclusion compound contains an inclusion compound obtained by treating a flavonoid having a rhamnoside structure with an enzyme having rhamnosidase activity in the presence of a cyclodextrin. According to the present invention, the bitterness and the changes in color tones originated from flavonoids can be inhibited, and foodstuff or the like having an unpleasant taste can be improved, so that the present invention can be suitably utilized in fields such as medicaments, foodstuff, health foods, foods for specified health use, and cosmetics.

Abstract: Provided are a series of crocins compounds and related pharmacological applications thereof in prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease. The series of crocins compounds are obtained by taking the Chinese herb, namely Gardenia jasminoides Ellis, as a raw material and separating same by means of various methods. The compounds playing a role in preventing oxidative injury caused by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and excitatory amino acid injury caused by L-glutamic acid are screened out by in-vitro cell experiments. The results show that the crocins compounds have good effect in preventing cell injury caused by H2O2 and L-glutamic acid. The compounds have good effect in preventing and treating Alzheimer's disease due to the fact that significant rise of oxidative stress and excitatory amino acid is a key factor for nerve injury in Alzheimer's disease, and have broad development and application prospect.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a compound of formula (I): (I) as defined in the description. The present invention also relates to a method for extracting biological membrane-associated membrane proteins, comprising a step of bringing an aqueous solution of biological membrane-associated membrane proteins into contact with at least one compound of the invention. The present invention also relates to a method for stabilizing membrane proteins in solution in an aqueous solution, comprising a step (i) consisting in bringing an aqueous solution of a membrane protein in solution into contact with at least one compound of the invention.

Abstract: The invention relates a process for preparing a cross-linked starch-based polymer comprising the following steps: 1) dissolving a starchy material in a suitable solvent to form a starchy material solution; and 2) adding a episulfide of formula (I), wherein R1, R2, R3 and R4 are independently selected from hydrogen and (C1-C3)alkyl in the starchy material solution in order to obtain the disulfide crosslinked starch-based polymer. In another aspect the invention concerns a disulfide-cross-linked starch-based polymer obtainable by the process of the invention, that is characterized by only disulfide bridges.

Abstract: A synthetic mixture of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) consisting essentially of lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT), lacto-N-tetraose (LNT), 2?-fucosyllactose (2?FL), 3?-O-sialyllactose (3?-SL), 6?-O-sialyllactose (6?-SL) either difucosyllactose (DFL) or 3-fucosyllactose (3-FL), preferably DFL, and optionally lactose. Said synthetic composition is useful for: treating or preventing viral and/or bacterial infection in a non-infant human; modulating the microbiota of a non-infant human; and/or improving the cognitive function of a non-infant human and as a pharmaceutical or nutritional composition.

Abstract: Described herein are a solution, composition, and kit of poly (acetyl, arginyl) glucosamine (PAAG), methods of making the solution, and method of treating wounds with the solution, the method comprising administering to a subject an effective amount of a solution comprising PAAG, wherein the PAAG when administered topically contacts the wound, thereby treating the wound.

Abstract: There is described a process for obtaining a target chemical species, in particular alginate and/or cellulose, from seaweed. The process comprises the steps of: (i) providing a seaweed portion; (ii) bleaching the seaweed portion; and (iii) extracting the target chemical species from the seaweed portion; wherein the bleaching comprises a neutral or alkaline bleaching step, the neutral or alkaline bleaching step comprising using a bleaching composition under neutral or alkaline conditions. The neutral or alkaline bleaching step may precede the extraction step. Also described is alginate, an alginate salt, alginic acid, an alginic acid salt, an alginate derivative, an alginate derivative salt, cellulose, and/or a cellulose derivative obtained by the process.