Abstract: Carboxymethyloxysuccinic anhydrides and/or halides, their reaction products with active hydrogen compounds and methods for preparing the anhydrides, the halides and the reaction products are disclosed. The reaction products are variously useful in the fields of food flavorings, detergent builders, surfactants, lubricants, coatings, sizing agents and gasoline additives.

Abstract: New penicillin antibiotics are disclosed which are effective antibacterial agents and which belong to the class of .alpha.-(heterocyclic acylamino) penicillins and their salts and esters together with pharmaceutical compositions containing the same and their method of administration. The new compounds are characterized by having an amino substituent on the heterocyclic ring which is linked through an acylamino group to the .alpha.-carbon atom of the penicillin side chain. Procedure for preparing the new penicillins is described as well as the antibacterial activity of exemplary compounds against typical microorganisms.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a sulfonic acid chloride of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are identical or different and denote hydrogen, a lower alkyl or cycloalkyl radical, halogen, aryl, aralkyl, aryl-ether or one of the radicals ##STR2## or where ADJACENT RADICALS R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are linked to form a cycloaliphatic or aromatic carbocyclic ring which is optionally substituted by a sulfonic acid chloride groupWhich comprises contacting an aromatic compound of the formula ##STR3## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 have the previously assigned significanceWith an approximately equimolar amount of a sulfonating agent, based upon the number of sulfonic acid chloride groups to be introduced and an excess of thionyl chloride, the sulfonating agent and thionyl chloride being initially introduced or added simultaneously with the addition of said aromatic compound.

Abstract: A new process and intermediates for preparing 2,3-dichloro-4-(2-thenoyl)phenoxyacetic acid (ticrynafen, a diuretic agent) using as a key reaction a Friedel-Crafts acylation of an esterified 3-(2,3-dichlorophenoxy)-1,2-propanediol using a thenoyl halide.

Abstract: A batchwise or continuous process for producing isophthaloyl dichloride or terephthaloyl dichloride having a high purity which comprises, in combination, (1) a first step of producing .alpha.,.alpha.,.alpha.,.alpha.',.alpha.',.alpha.'-hexachloroxylene by reacting meta- or para-xylene with chlorine under the irradiation of ultraviolet-containing rays, the reaction being carried out in the presence of, as a solvent, .alpha.,.alpha.,.alpha.,.alpha.',.alpha.',.alpha.'-hexachloroxylene added at the outset of the reaction; (2) a second step of producing isophthaloyl dichloride or terephthaloyl dichloride by reacting the .alpha.,.alpha.,.alpha.,.alpha.',.alpha.',.alpha.'-hexachloroxylene obtained in the first step with isophthalic acid or terephthalic acid; and (3) a third step of purifying the isophthaloyl dichloride or terephthaloyl dichloride obtained in the second step by dissolving the isophthaloyl dichloride or terephthaloyl dichloride in 0.

Abstract: 6-(2-ACYLAMINO-2-ARYLACETAMIDO)PENICILLANIC ACIDS ARE PREPARED AND SHOWN TO BE USEFUL AS ANTIBACTERIAL AGENTS.

Abstract: Ammonia, oxygen e.g., as air, and a ketone react in contact with a catalyst such as porous, amorphous silica or alumina which may or may not have a coating to form an oxime, at temperatures such as 50.degree.-500.degree. C. The oximes have known utilities, including uses as oxidation inhibitors and as intermediates for production of amides. In particular, when the ketone is cyclohexanone, the cyclohexanone oxime in the reaction product can further be converted to the cyclic amide, caprolactam, e.g. by contacting the product with an aluminosilicate catalyst having average pore diameter of at least 7 angstroms, especially a molecular sieve, suitably downstream in the same reaction vessel. Caprolactam is the monomer starting material for nylon 6.

Abstract: By reacting an aromatic compound containing at least one trichloromethyl group bonded to an aromatic carbon atom with an aliphatic acid anhydride in the presence of a catalyst, an aromatic acid chloride and an alkyl carboxylic acid chloride are produced. The desirable products are preferably obtained through distillation at ambient conditions. Although various catalysts can be employed, an acid catalyst, such as sulphuric acid is preferred.

Abstract: 2-Nitroethylcyclopentane compounds represented by the formula (I) ##STR1## wherein X represents a ##STR2## R and R.sup.1 each represents a hydrogen atom or a protective group for a hydroxy group, R.sup.2 represents an unsubstituted or substituted alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms and R.sup.5 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group havng 1 to 4 carbon atoms, which are useful as intermediates for the synthesis of prostaglandin compounds, and a process for preparing the 2-nitroethylcyclopentane compounds of the formula (I).

Abstract: A process has been developed for controlling the catalytic co-oligmoerization of 1,3-dienes with Schiff's bases which comprises condensing a 1,3-diene of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.4 and R.sup.5, independently of one another, represent hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms with a Schiff base of the formula ##STR2## wherein each of R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 represents hydrogen alkyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl, aryl or dimethylamino groups which, in addition, optionally contain functional groups of the group consisting of ethers esters, C.dbd.N double bonds and which can be closed to form a ring, in the presence of a nickel (O)-containing catalyst, and optionally in the presence of an X--H compound with a molar ratio of Ni: X H of from 1:0 to 1:10.

Abstract: Benzhydryl derivatives of guanidine (Formula I) having blood sugar lowering activity; pharmaceutical hypoglycemic compositions thereof and methods of administering same to hyperglycemic individuals.

Abstract: A process, and intermediates for the preparation of 6,11-dihydro-11-oxodibenz[b,e]oxepin-2-acetic acid are described. The acid possesses antiinflammatory and analgesic activity.

Abstract: The present invention provides 2-decarboxy-2-hydroxymethyl-6-hydroxy-PGE.sub.1 compounds which are useful pharmacological agents. These agents are useful as prostacyclin-like drugs.

Abstract: This disclosure describes compounds of the class of 6-[D-.alpha.-(substituted-chromone-3-carboxamido)phenylacetamido]-penicill anic acids which possess antimicrobial activity.

Abstract: Penicillin sulfoxide esters having the sulfoxide group in the .alpha.-configuration are reacted with an N-chloro halogenating agent at a temperature between about 70.degree. C. and about 120.degree. C. in the presence of an alkylene oxide and preferably also calcium oxide to produce 2-chlorosulfinyl-azetidin-4-one intermediates. The chlorosulfinyl intermediates are then treated with a Friedel-Crafts catalyst, for example, stannic chloride to provide a 3-exomethylenecepham .beta.-sulfoxide. The latter compounds are useful in the preparation of 3-alkoxy and 3-halo substituted cephalosporin antibiotic compounds.

Abstract: A catalyst complex useful for the partial oxidation of alkanes to the corresponding anhydrides, e.g., converting normal C.sub.4 hydrocarbons to maleic anhydride in vapor phase, comprising as components vanadium, phosphorus, oxygen, Cu, Mo, Ni, Co, Cr, Nd, Ce, Ba, Y and Sm.

Abstract: Anti-ulcer agents of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is a straight or branched chain alkynyl group containing from 3 to 9 carbon atoms, inclusive, are prepared by reacting a compound of the formula ##STR2## wherein X is a conventional leaving group, preferably in the form of its acid addition salt, with a compound of the formula ##STR3## wherein R.sup.1 is as defined above. The intermediates of Formula III may be prepared by reacting a cysteamine salt with an isothiourea of the formula ##STR4## wherein R.sup.1 is as described above, in the presence of a base.

Abstract: Disclosed are trans, 3-oxa carbinol analogs of prostaglandin E.sub.1 represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is n-alkyl of 4-6 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl of 5 to 7 carbon atoms or 1,1-dimethylalkyl of 6 to 8 carbon atoms. Particular compounds corresponding to the above formula are variously useful as antithrombotic agents due to their ability to inhibit platelet aggregation, bronchodilators, inhibitors of gastric secretion and anti-hypertensive agents.

Abstract: Mixtures of the E and Z isomers of aryl alkyl oximes are converted to 98% or greater E isomer by a process comprising treating a solution of a mixture of E and Z isomers in an organic solvent with a protic or Lewis acid, under anhydrous conditions, to precipitate >98% pure E isomer of an immonium complex and treating (neutralizing) the precipitate with an excess of dilute organic/inorganic base, such as Na.sub.2 CO.sub.3 or NaHCO.sub.3. The E isomer of the ketoxime is a precursor for highly insecticidal ketoximinoethers.

Abstract: A process is described for preparing guanidine by separating guanidine from a process stream obtained in a urea synthesis process, wherein ammonia and carbon dioxide are reacted at a high temperature and a high pressure. The process stream includes a urea synthesis effluent from a urea synthesis zone, a solution obtained by separating unreacted materials from the effluent, a concentrate of the solution or a mother liquor derived from a urea crystallization zone.