Abstract: A flow meter comprising a cavity, an inlet to the cavity and an outlet from the cavity, and two oval rotors mounted within the cavity between the inlet and the outlet. The rate of rotation of the rotors is substantially proportional to the flow of fluid through the meter. The rotors are provided with magnets. Electrical inductors, which are capable of detecting the magnets, are arranged outside the cavity to monitor rotation of the rotors without being mechanically linked thereto, and to provide a measure of the flow of fluid through the meter. A division ratio adjuster is included in electrical circuitry of the meter to vary the calibration of the measurement in dependence upon the flow rate through the meter.

Abstract: A bandgap voltage reference and temperature sensor is used to determine accurately the temperature of the cold junction of a thermocouple for algebraic combination with the thermocouple signal to provide precision temperature measurements with thermocouple speed. In a discrete component embodiment copper slugs function as thermal inertial elements to equalize the thermal response rates of the temperature sensor and thermocouple. In an IC embodiment the cold junction is located on the chip in close proximity to the temperature sensor component in the chip thereby avoiding any thermal differential between cold junction and sensor.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for detecting leaks in pressurized mains comprising input coupling structures spaced along a main, each coupling permitting insertion of a detector head connected to a hose/cable of extended length, a reel and housing holding the hose/cable which is designed to input fluid into the hose and make electrical connections to microphone and transducer structure in the head. Leaks in the main are located by depressurizing the main, inserting the detector head through a coupling, feeding pressurized fluid through the hose into rearwardly projecting jets in the head for effecting travel thereof lengthwise of the main, stopping the fluid flow, again pressurizing the main to effect any leaks, energizing the microphone while slowly retracting the head by winding up the hose/cable on the reel at the input position, listening for leak noise as the head is retracted toward the insertion point, and upon leak noise being heard, stopping the retraction and then energizing the transducer within the head.

Abstract: Apparatus for extracting and analyzing dust-laden gas samples and in which a gas extraction connection is constructed in the form of a stilling chamber leading to an analyzer via a three-way valve to which is connected a cleansing air connection. A time control device periodically interrupts the flow of gas to the analyzer and directs cleansing air of the extraction connection.

Abstract: An improved rotational viscometer for testing drilling muds is disclosed. In a preferred and illustrated embodiment, a rotatable tubular sleeve is driven by a pulsed stepper motor. The drilling mud couples to a bob of cylindrical shape supported on a shaft. The sleeve is rotated or torqued, applying rotation to the shaft which is monitored by an optical encoder. The stepper motor is driven for a programmable sequence of specific intervals at specific speeds, and the mud coupled rotation at the encoder shaft is observed. The data obtained is scaled to provide an indication of viscosity and other measurements of the drilling mud indicated by an output LED display or other display type as desired. The mud is tested by a specified sequence of test procedures sanctioned by the American Petroleum Institute.

Abstract: A flow indicator has a pivoting flap fitted in ducting of a hydraulic installation which transports contaminated liquids. To permit the purge of a reservoir, the flap has an opening for air returning through the ducting. The opening prevents overpressure or vacuum in a circuit. The invention applies specifically to purge and vent circuits for nuclear power installations.

Abstract: An apparatus and method is described herein which simulates and applies soil shear stress conditions to test pipe segments and thereby induces the mechanical soil stress effects upon adherent pipeline anti-corrosion protective coatings. A test pipe segment having an adherent anti-corrosion protective coating is emplaced centrally in a test apparatus housing chamber, having both a concentrically-located soil reservoir in contiguous contact with said test pipe segment, and a gas pressure reservoir surrounding said soil reservoir. Desired movements of said test pipe segment are controlled and regulated by a universal testing machine. Gas pressures in the gas pressure reservoir exerts pressure on the soil reservoir, thereby simulating soil stress forces on the centrally disposed pipe segment with its adherent anti-corrosion coating.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided to measure the wetting efficacy of certain dust control chemical additives. These additives are commonly sprayed on the dust to control and/or prevent the dissemination of the dust into the atmosphere. The device comprises a plurality of dust collection cylinders, each of which is adapted to retain a dust sample and the particular chemical additive for which testing is desired. A support is provided to support the cylinders and a visual display is operatively associated with the cylinders so as to indicate when the particular additive has completely penetrated the dust and thereby contacted the visual display.

Abstract: Flow measuring apparatus includes a support loop having strain gages mounted thereon and a drag means which is attached to one end of the support loop and which bends the sides of the support loop and induces strains in the strain gages when a flow stream impacts thereon.

Abstract: A sampling probe by means of which a sample of fluid free of particles or substantially reduced in particle content can be removed from a particulate matter-containing fluid stream which is flowing in a conduit. This is accomplished by means of probe geometry. Openings for entry of the sample into the probe face downstream. In one embodiment, the cross-section of a probe at the fluid entry area is V-shaped.

Abstract: A dew sensor of direct current type and resistance-lowering type with increasing humidity for quick and sharp detection of dewing is provided, which comprises a pair of counterposed electrodes, humidity-sensitive layer of insulating porous metal oxide with a porosity of 20 to 60% provided on and between the counterposed electrodes, and an organic polymer coating layer having a thickness of 0.05 to 2 .mu.m provided on the humidity-sensitive layer.

Abstract: Workpiece loading, particularly for dynamic testing of aircraft wings, is described. A double ended servo jack is drivably coupled to an upper drive lever which is pivotally mounted for movement relative to the workpiece. The follower end of the upper drive lever is coupled by a tension strap to a lower drive lever. The drive ends of the upper and lower levers are coupled to contour boards provided around the wing by means of whiffle trees so that the single jack applied both upwards and downwards forces to the wing.

Abstract: A portable hydrostatic test apparatus for pressure testing fluid system components. Hydraulic fluid is pressurized and serves as the pressure source for imposing a desired test pressure on a water filled system. The apparatus includes a pneumatically operated control valve to control a directional control valve in the hydraulic system. The several valves in the hydraulic system are mounted on and interconnected through an internally ported manifold to eliminate hoses.

Abstract: Apparatus for producing an output signal or indication directly proportional to the density of one or more gases or liquids. A probe holds a vibrating vane immersed in a fluid. The probe is suspended from a pipeline flange by a boss that has upper and lower portions connected together by a thin annular cantilever-like disc in a plane transverse to the probe axis. The boss supports telescoped inner and outer cylinders along an axis normal to the probe axis. The cylinders have an interference fit. The outer cylinder has a uniform outside diameter but an unstressed inside diameter that increases in direct proportion to its length. The same is true of the outside diameter of the inner cylinder. The inner cylinder supports the vane. A seismic mass which vibrates the boss is unsupported except at one end.

Abstract: In a process for determining the resistance to draw and the gas permeability of a test piece, for example a cigarette or a cigarette paper, a linearly increasing or decreasing volumetric flow is conveyed through the test piece. The volumetric flow and the pressure drop at the test piece are measured continuously and compared with predetermined reference values. When there is equality between at least one measured value and a reference value, the measured value pair under consideration, volumetric flow/pressure drop, is detected. It is thus possible, on the one hand, to determine the characteristic curve of the test piece, i.e. the change in the pressure drop with the volumetric flow, over a greater range of the volumetric flow, and, on the other hand, to measure pairs of values for accurately defined values of the volumetric flow and/or the pressure drop.

Abstract: A hydraulic test station useful for testing various types of hydraulic apparatus, both at the time of its manufacture and in the field. The test station includes a main console, a roll-up module on which the apparatus to be tested is mounted and an electronic system for controlling the station. The main console includes a plurality of ports. Each of the individual ports may be independently selected for purposes of testing a particular hydraulic apparatus and the specific port may be independently designated as a pressure port or a return port. A manifold is associated with each of the ports and is controllable to select those pressures and flow rates required for performing the desired test or tests on the connected apparatus.

Abstract: A gas cap which incorporates an exposed indicator to disclose whether the tank contains fuel for a two-stroke or a four-stroke engine, and which further employs a tank-stored, graduated cylinder to permit precise preparation of a sufficient quantity of an uncontaminated fuel mixture to fill the tank for a two-stroke or a four-stroke engine.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method and apparatus for continuous analysis of a gas and particulate stream. More particularly, the present invention provides a method and apparatus for continuously analyzing a gas and particulate exhaust stream comprising metal fluorides to determine the fluoride concentration of such stream. A sampling nozzle communicating with a sampling line is placed in a gas and particulate stream. A gas-dissolving solvent is injected into a portion of the stream in the inlet portion of the sampling nozzle forming an aerosol. This portion of the stream and aerosol form a mixture comprising aerosol, gas and particulate which flows through the outlet portion of the sampling nozzle and through the sampling line. The aerosol in the mixture impinges against the inner surface of the sampling line wetting such inner surface with solvent; such mixture is scrubbed in the sampling line to enhance dissolution of gas in the solvent.

Abstract: When a drill is overloaded, while cutting a hole in a workpiece, a torque limiter disconnects the drill from a main spindle. As the drill is disconnected from the main spindle, the torque limiter generates high-level elastic waves. The elastic waves are converted by a transducer into a voltage signal. The level of the voltage signal is compared with a threshold value.

Abstract: There is provided a new method for analysis of the size and/or distribution of particles emanating from a mother liquid by sedimentation in a rotating disc centrifuge, particularly a photosedimentometer. The method is characterized in that the spin fluid or medium is formed externally of the disc as distinct from being formed within the disc while it is rotating. The externally prepared spin medium is formed from at least two miscible liquids of different densities for example, methanol and water, in a manner such that they are substantially incompletely mixed whereby a density gradient is established in the spin medium. Thereafter the spin medium is injected into the disc while spinning at a given speed, and later the mother liquid is injected. Results are closely comparable to the buffered line start method described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,475,968.