Abstract: A method of manufacturing a field emission device having emitter shapes, comprise the steps of forming a first original plate having a major surface provided with emitter shapes, by cutting a surface portion of a base material, forming a first material layer on the major surface of the first original plate on which the emitter shapes are provided; separating the first material layer from the first original plate, thereby obtaining a second original plate having recesses onto which the emitter shapes on the first original plate are transferred, forming a second material layer on a major surface of the second original plate on which the recesses are provided; and separating the second material layer from the second original plate, thereby to obtain a substrate having projections portions onto which shapes of the recesses of the second original plate are transferred.

Abstract: A wavelength variable light source is provided with: a light emitting layer containing therein light emitting substance having a carbon-carbon inter-atomic bond; a pair of electrodes disposed on both sides of the light emitting layer while holding the light emitting layer therebetween; a pair of main reflectors disposed on both sides of the light emitting layer so as to hold the light emitting layer therebetween, thereby to constitute an optical resonator with respect to light emitted from the light emitting layer; and refractive index modulating means disposed on the optical path of the optical resonator, wherein the refractive index modulating means can reversibly vary the length of the optical path of the optical resonator so as to control the wavelength of the light emitted from the light source.

Abstract: A method of making an OLED device that corrects for potential defect(s) identified in one processing station by adjusting a subsequent processing station includes processing an OLED substrate by adding at least one organic layer and measuring in-situ one or more parameters associated with such organic layer to produce a signal representative of potential defect(s) in a produced OLED device, and adjusting in a subsequent processing station in response to the signal to change the formation of a subsequent organic layer added to the OLED device to compensate for the potential defect(s).

Abstract: An emitter has an electron supply layer and a tunneling layer formed on the electron supply layer. Optionally, an insulator layer is formed on the electron supply layer and has openings defined within in which the tunneling layer is formed. A cathode layer is formed on the tunneling layer to provide a surface for energy emissions of electrons and/or photons. Preferably, the emitter is subjected to an annealing process thereby increasing the supply of electrons tunneled from the electron supply layer to the cathode layer.

Abstract: A plasma display panel and the manufacturing method thereof. Forming partition wall structures on the back substrate of the paste display panel and forming the column-shaped protrusions at the positions corresponding to the cuts on the rib on the front substrate of the plasma display panel. The manufacturing process is simple and the alignment of the front and back substrate is easy. In addition, the size of the opening of the rib and the size of the cut can be easily adjusted according to the needs of the application during the manufacturing process.

Abstract: A mercury-free arc tube for a discharge lamp unit including a closed glass bulb and a pair of electrode rods provided in the closed glass bulb so as to be opposite to each other. The closed glass bulb does not contain mercury as in the related art arc tubes, but contains main light emitting metal halide and starting rare gas enclosed in the closed glass bulb. In accordance with necessity, predetermined buffer metal halide in place of mercury may be enclosed to suppress the lowering of the tube voltage to some extent. In addition, the tube current I is increased to make the tube voltage high. The tube current I (unit: A) and the outer diameter d (unit: mm) of each electrode rod are set to have a relationship of 1.0?I/d?5.0. As a result, though such an increased tube current is used, the electrode temperature is kept in optimum temperature.

Abstract: A field emission display includes a first substrate and a second substrate opposing one another with a predetermined gap therebetween. At least one gate electrode is formed on the first substrate. An insulation layer formed over the first substrate covering the gate electrode. Cathode electrodes are formed on the insulation layer and including field enhancing sections that expose the insulation layer corresponding to pixel regions. Electron emission sources formed over the cathode electrodes adjacent at least one side of the field enhancing sections. An illumination assembly is formed on the second substrate and realizes the display of images by electrons emitted from the electron emission sources.

Abstract: A plasma display panel assembly includes electrodes and a dielectric layer covering the electrodes. The dielectric layer is formed of a low-melting-point glass, and the electrodes are formed of a metal containing a crystallized glass. The metal and the low-melting-point glass are simultaneously fired to complete the electrodes and the dielectric layer. Thus, in a manufacturing process of an AC plasma display panel, the number of firing steps can be reduced.

Abstract: An electron emission element of the present invention comprises a substrate, and a protrusion protruding from the substrate and including boron-doped diamond. The protrusion comprises a columnar body. And a tip portion of the protrusion comprises an acicular body sticking out therefrom. The distance r [cm] between a center axis and a side face in the columnar body and the boron concentration Nb [cm?3] in the diamond satisfy the relationship represented by the following formula (1): r > 10 4 Nb .

Abstract: The color cathode-ray tube includes a panel having a fluorescent screen formed on the inner surface thereof, a funnel coupled to the panel, an electron gun mounted into the neck portion of the funnel for emitting electron beams toward the fluorescent screen, and a shadow mask mounted on the fluorescent screen formed on the inner surface of the panel and having a predetermined distance from the fluorescent screen for carrying out color selection. The shadow mask is in a rectangular shape having a longer axis and a shorter axis and including a plurality of beam through apertures. The vertical pitch of the beam through apertures is between 0.15 mm and 0.35 mm. The vertical pitch of the beam through apertures increases as it goes from the central portion to the end portion of the shorter axis of the shadow mask.

Abstract: Barrier ribs 18 formed on a back substrate PA2 are brought into contact with a bonding paste layer 40 having an even surface, applying a bonding agent Bd evenly to the tops of the barrier ribs. Furthermore, a gas discharge panel having a structure in which discharge mainly occurs at locations distanced from parts of the panel connected using the bonding agent Bd is realized.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a light source device including discharge tubes that emit light by discharging in a thin atmosphere, a method of producing the light source device, and a display apparatus in which the light source device is employed. This light source device includes discharge tubes and a heat conductive member that is brought into contact with the neighboring area of the electrodes of the discharge tubes so as to locally cool down the neighboring area of the electrodes. In the light source device, a low heat conductivity member having lower heat conductivity than the heat conductive member is interposed between the heat conductive member and the discharge tubes. With such a structure, the luminance in the entire light source device can be increased and made uniform, and the reliability of the light source device can be increased accordingly.

Abstract: An electrode-coating glass composition of the present invention satisfies ?9.5?A??4, 3000?B?3900 and 240?C?320 in Fulcher's equation log?=A+B/(T?C), which defines the temperature (T[° C.]) dependence of viscosity (?[dPa·s]). Furthermore, the absolute value |?log?| of the difference between values of log? at temperatures of 50° C. above and below a softening point is at least 4.2. Such an electrode-coating glass composition can be achieved, for example, by a glass composition containing at least one of BaO and Al2O3, and 40 to 66 wt % of PbO, 2 to 25 wt % of SiO2, 5 to 40 wt % of B2O3, 0 to 20 wt % of BaO, 0 to 8 wt % of Al2O3, 0 to 2 wt % of CuO, and 0 to 2 wt % of CeO2.

Abstract: The invention proposes an arrangement of luminescent materials for excitation by means of a radiation source and involving the use of a luminescent material having a Ce-activated garnet structure A3B5O12, in which the first component A contains at least one element from the group consisting of Y, Lu, Sc, La, Gd, Sm and Tb and the second component B represents at least one of the elements Al, Ga and In, and a plurality of the luminescent materials are mixed together.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescence element having an anode, a non-monocrystal material semiconductor layer, an organic light-emitting medium, and a cathode, the medium located between a first electrode and the semiconductor layer. A second electrode is electrically connected to an edge section of the semiconductor layer. Light emitted from the medium is taken out through the semiconductor layer, and not through the second electrode.

Abstract: A mercury vapor discharge lamp having a barrier layer and a single phosphor layer. The phosphor layer comprises 10–50 weight percent halophosphors and 50–90 weight percent rare earth phosphors. The lamp has an Ra value of 70–81, more preferably 70–79, more preferably 75–79.

Abstract: There is provided a light emitting device and electric equipment, which are bright and have low consumption power and are low in costs. When an organic EL material is made present in a metal oxide porous body including a heavy atom, phosphorescence light emitting of the organic EL material in which only fluorescence is generally observed can be promoted. Thus, an organic EL element in which phosphorescence light emitting is produced is obtained. With respect to this element, since phosphorescence can be used, light emitting efficiency is high. Also, since a conventional organic EL material can be used, it can be manufactured with a low cost. A light emitting device and electric equipment are manufactured using this organic EL element.

Abstract: An opto-electrical device comprising an anode electrode, a cathode electrode, and an opto-electrically active region located between the electrodes, the cathode electrode including a first layer comprising a compound of a group 1 metal, group 2 metal, or a transition metal, a second layer comprising a material having a work function below 3.5 eV, and a third layer spaced from the opto-electrically active region by the first and second layers and having a work function above 3.5 eV.

Abstract: A transparent conductive film 1 comprises a transparent plastic film 2 and a transparent conductive layer 4 laminated to at least one surface of the transparent plastic film 2. The transparent conductive film 1, as a whole, has a haze value of 8 or less; and at least one of the two surfaces of the transparent plastic film 2, that is, the surface to which the transparent conductive film 4 is laminated and the other surface, is provided with fine irregularities having a maximum height (Rmax) of 0.5 to 2.0 ?m. These fine irregularities preferably have a ten-point mean roughness (Rz) of 0.35 to 1.5 ?m. The fine irregularities maybe provided as the surface structure of a fine irregularity layer 3 laminated to one surface of the transparent plastic film 2. The transparent conductive layer 4 may be laminated to the surface of the fine irregularity layer 3 formed on the transparent plastic film 2, or to the surface of the transparent plastic film 2 to which the fine irregularity layer 3 is not laminated.

Abstract: An active matrix type organic electro-luminescent display (OELD) with high brightness, low power consumption and high reliability is provided. A triode organic electro-luminescent device that has higher brightness under lower operating voltage, comparing to the conventional organic light-emitting diode having two terminals, is electrically connected to a pixel portion of the OELD. Accordingly, when the spirit of the present invention is applied to a display having an organic luminescent device, it is possible to make electrical appliances having low power consumption and high brightness.