Abstract: The invention relates an additive for improving antioxidant capabilities in a lubricating composition, where the lubricating composition is based on a major amount of a lubricating oil and 0.1-5.0 mass percent of an additive, the additive including a secondary diarlyamine and an organoammonium tungstate.

Abstract: An oil-soluble lubricating oil additive composition prepared by the process which comprises reacting a copolymer, with at least one polyether aromatic compound, and with at least one polyether aliphatic compound.

Abstract: An oil-soluble hydrocarbyl phenol aldehyde condensate having the following structure: wherein n is 0 to 10, preferably 1 to 8, more preferably 2 to 6, and most preferably 3 to 5; Y is a divalent bridging group, and is preferably a hydrocarbyl group, preferably having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms; and R is a hydrocarbyl group having from 4 to 30, preferably 8 to 18, and most preferably 9 to 15 carbon atoms. The oil-soluble hydrocarbyl phenol aldehyde condensate has a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 1250 to 1680, as measured by MALDI-TOF (Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-Time of Flight) mass spectrometry.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to ashless detergents comprising the products resulting from the reaction of a salicylic acid, organic group substituted salicylic acid, sulfonic acid or organic groups substituted sulfur acid with thiadiazole or organic group substituted thiadiazole or an alkyl primary or secondary amine, and to formulated lubricating oils containing said ashless detergents.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to a method for producing an isoparaffinic product useful as jet fuel from a renewable feedstock. The method may also include co-producing a jet fuel and a liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) fraction from a renewable feedstock. The method includes hydrotreating the renewable feedstock to produce a hydrotreating unit heavy fraction that includes n-paraffins and hydroisomerizing the hydrotreating unit heavy fraction to produce a hydroizomerizing unit heavy fraction that includes isoparaffins. The method also includes recycling the hydroisomerizing unit heavy fraction through the hydroisomerization unit to produce an isoparaffinic product that may be fractionated into a jet fuel and an LPG fraction. The present invention also relates to a jet fuel produced from a renewable feedstock having improved cold flow properties.

Abstract: Lubricating oil compositions containing (a) at least one oil of lubricating viscosity and (b) an effective amount of at least one thio-functionalized phenylenediamine compound of the general formula: wherein R1, R2, R3, R4 and n are as defined herein are provided. Methods of operating an engine employing the lubricating oil composition are also provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for upgrading tar using a heat exchanger in series with a vapor/liquid separator to separate tar into a heavy tar asphaltenic material and a deasphalted tar material.

Abstract: The overall efficiency of a regenerative bed reverse flow reactor system is increased where the location of the exothermic reaction used for regeneration is suitably controlled. The present invention provides a method and apparatus for controlling the combustion to improve the thermal efficiency of bed regeneration in a cyclic reaction/regeneration processes. The process for thermal regeneration of a regenerative reactor bed entails (a) supplying the first reactant through a first channel means in a first regenerative bed and supplying at least a second reactant through a second channel means in the first regenerative bed, (b) combining said first and second reactants by a gas mixing means situated at an exit of the first regenerative bed and reacting the combined gas to produce a heated reaction product, (c) passing the heated reaction product through a second regenerative bed thereby transferring heat from the reaction product to the second regenerative bed.

Abstract: A compound having the formula: R1 and R2 together with the carbon atoms to which they are bonded are joined together to form a C3-C30 ring. The C3-C30 ring may be substituted with one or more substituents or unsubstituted. The C3-C30 ring may contain one or more heteroatoms. The C3-C30 ring may be saturated, partially unsaturated, or fully unsaturated.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for making higher olefins by oligomerization of a lower olefin e.g ethylene, to higher olefins, using catalytic distillation conditions. Simultaneously and interdependently, the lower olefin is catalytically oligomerized to higher olefins, and said higher olefins are separated and recovered as liquid.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for loading catalyst to a fluid catalyst cracking unit are provided. In one embodiment, apparatus for loading catalyst to a fluid catalyst cracking unit includes a vessel disposed in a transportable housing. A plurality of catalyst storage regions are associated with the vessel. A metering device is interfaced with the vessel and configured to provide a metric indicative of an amount of catalyst provided from a selected one of the catalyst storage regions.

Abstract: A hydrocracking process wherein a liquid phase stream comprising a hydrocarbonaceous feedstock and a liquid phase effluent from a hydrocracking zone and a sufficiently low hydrogen concentration to maintain a liquid phase continuous system into a hydrotreating zone. A portion of the effluent from the hydrotreating zone comprising unconverted hydrocarbons is introduced into the hydrocracking zone with a sufficiently low hydrogen concentration to maintain a liquid phase continuous system.

Abstract: A composition and process for removing sulfur from middle distillate petroleum hydrocarbon fuels. The composition includes an alumina component and a carbon component. The composition is present in an amount effective to adsorb sulfur compounds from the fuel. The alumina component and the carbon component preferably collectively comprise a composite material. The composition can further include a sulfur component, preferably a metal sulfide or sulfur oxide. The composition can also further include at least one compound having a Group VI or Group VIII metal from the periodic table.

Abstract: A desulfurization adsorbent for a fuel cell has a structure according to Formula 1 below, and a desulfurizing method uses the desulfurization adsorbent. The desulfurization adsorbent displays remarkably excellent adsorption performance for adsorbing sulfur compounds as well as excellent regeneration performance, compared with conventional desulfurization adsorbents. Thus, the desulfurization adsorbent does not need to be replaced even after prolonged use, thus stabilizing the operation of a fuel cell system and reducing costs. (M1)a-(Si)x—(Ti)y-(M2)z-O??[Formula 1] wherein M1 is at least one selected from alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, hydrogen, ammonium, rare earths, and transition metals; 4?x/y?500, 0?z/y?3, 0?a/(y+z)?1; and M2 is aluminum (Al), boron (B) or a trivalent metal.

Abstract: An integrated process for extracting and refining bitumen comprises hydroconverting bitumen in a reactor to provide valuable products and light oil by-product; separating the light oil by-product from the valuable products; transporting the light oil to oil sands reserves; producing steam in steam generators at the oil sands reserves using a portion of the light oil transported to the oil sands reserves; extracting bitumen from the oil sands reserves using steam produced in the steam generators; blending bitumen extracted from the oil sands reserves and a portion of the light oil transported to the oil sands reserves to form a transport blend; and transporting the transport blend to the reactor.

Abstract: A method for obtaining jet fuel from diesel fuel is provided, the method comprising subjecting the diesel fuel to hydrocracking to convert at least a portion of the diesel fuel into a mixture of light hydrocarbons, kerosene, naphtha and a liquefied petroleum gas, isolating the kerosene, recovering jet fuel from the kerosene, subjecting at least a portion of the mixture of kerosene, naphtha and a liquefied petroleum gas to steam forming to obtain a synthesis gas containing hydrogen, and recycling hydrogen contained in the synthesis gas to the hydrocracking step. A modular system for performing the method is also provided.

Abstract: Ultrafiltration may be effectively used to produce visbreaker feeds of improved quality which enable the visbreaker to be operated at higher severity with higher yields of distillable products. A heavy oil feed stream is separated by ultrafiltration or membrane separation into a permeate fraction and a retentate fraction by contacting the heavy oil feed with the first side of a porous membrane separation element in a membrane separation zone. The permeate fraction, comprised of materials which pass selectively through the porous membrane element, is retrieved and at least a portion of it is subjected to visbreaking with the improved liquid yield, especially of lighter distillate fractions. The retentate fraction can be retrieved from the first side of the porous membrane and can also be subjected to visbreaking.

Abstract: A process and apparatus are provided for upgrading steam cracked tars. The invention also relates to a steam cracking process and apparatus for reducing the yields of tars produced from steam cracking while increasing yields of higher value products, heating, in the presence of steam, cooled steam cracker tar containing asphaltenes, to a temperature, e.g., above about 300° C., which is sufficient to convert at least a portion of the steam cracked tar to lower boiling molecules. The resulting heat and steam-treated tar can be separated into gas oil, fuel oil and tar streams.

Abstract: A composition is disclosed which comprises an aryl perfluoropolyether, optionally a halogenated oil, and further optionally a thickening agent. The composition can be used as a lubricant itself or as an additive to an oil or grease lubricant and can withstand temperatures higher than 300° C. without decomposition. The halogenated oil can be a perfluoropolyether, a fluorosilicone, a polytrifluorochloroethylene, or combinations of two or more thereof. The thickening agent can be finely divided silica, boron nitride, clay, soap, poly(tetrafluoroethylene), clay, talc, silica, titanium dioxide, polydimethylsiloxane, polyurea, polyurethane, or combinations of two or more thereof.

Abstract: The invention provides a lubricating base oil with a saturated component content of 90% by mass or greater, a proportion of cyclic saturated components of no greater than 40% by mass of the saturated components, a viscosity index of 110 or greater, an aniline point of 106 or greater and an ?-methylene proportion of 14-20% of the total constituent carbons, as well as a lubricating oil composition comprising the lubricating base oil.