Abstract: To effect disintegration of cells of microorganisms such as yeast, bacteria, and fungi, a suspension of cells is presaturated with a compressed gas and then passed through one or more disintegration units containing a plate valve seat and valve member urged toward each other. The disintegration unit can be attached to a mechanical vibrator-shaker. At the inlet of said disintegration unit there are two thick-wall vessels, i.e. a mixing vessel to effect intermixing of the suspension and compressed gas and a homogenizing vessel to maintain the suspension under pressure. When the suspension is passed through a throttling slit formed between the valve seat and valve member, cell shells are intensively broken due to the internal pressure.

Abstract: Waste glass containing three-dimensional extraneous matter to be removed is dropped onto a grizzly and is thereby broken up by gravity and separated into an undersize portion containing planar fragments of waste glass and of extraneous matter and an oversize portion containing three-dimensional large pieces of waste glass and unbreakable extraneous matter, the grizzly comprising parallel bars arranged at a spacing smaller than the minimum width of projection of the three-dimensional extraneous matter. The oversize portion is repeatedly subjected to the same procedure as above to break up the waste glass to an undersize material within a specified range of sizes and to remove the three-dimensional extraneous matter from the waste glass. A breaking and separating apparatus comprises grizzlies arranged in multi-stage fashion within a passage for dropping the waste glass or a rotatable drum-shaped grizzly having scraping plates.

Abstract: A tube mill is disclosed for drying and grinding moist material which comprises at least one compartment for drying moist material and at least one compartment communicating with the drying compartment for grinding the material. A separating chamber is positioned between the adjacent communicating drying and grinding compartments with means being provided for introducing hot gases and material to the drying compartment so that the material may pass to the separating chamber and the grinding compartment.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and apparatus for opening packaged articles, particularly packs and cartons of cigarettes, in which such items are ripped open and broken apart sufficiently to allow the contents, e.g. tobacco, to be separated and recovered. The apparatus aspects of this invention involve a ripper fan, a recycling air leg, and a cyclone separator from which the materials are recovered for further processing.

Abstract: A waste disposal unit having cutters which are driven with a rotary reciprocating motion by a water powered piston moving in a toroidal chamber. An automatic servo controlled valve, responsive to differential pressure on opposite sides of the piston, reverses the piston direction at the end of a stroke, or when an obstruction is encountered. The driving water is exhausted into the cutting chamber to flush waste material through the stacked cutters, which are arranged to reduce the waste material progressively to small particles.

Abstract: A waste materials handling system which includes materials transporting apparatus for conveying materials being processed to a processing device such as a shredder which is subject to unexpected and relatively sudden discontinuance of operation as by clogging or other breakdown condition, the invention comprising means for detecting such breakdown and for consequently diverting flow of materials away from the apparatus without interrupting the flow of materials through the system.

Abstract: A shearing or shredding construction incorporating a revolvable shaft that is grooved for the reception of a series of mutually-spaced blades, and wherein keys accurately and positively position such blades, such structure being provided with close tolerance bearings for severely restricting if not eliminating a shifting of the rotor shaft along its axis.

Abstract: A building press for joining building components which includes a frame having a fixed portion and at least one movable hammer, which frame is designed to receive a predetermined number of building components and to join the components with selected fasteners by means of fluid pressure such as air. The frame is equipped with at least one expandable conduit or several air, steam or hydraulic cylinders positioned between a fixed member of the frame and the hammer or hammers, and in a preferred embodiment, a multiplicity of fasteners are magnetically positioned on segments of the hammer to be driven into the building components. When a fluid such as air, oil or water is forced through the conduit the conduit expands and the hammer or hammers force the nail plates into the building components to securely join the components in a selected configuration. In the alternative, the components may be joined by applying hydraulic pressure on several hydraulic cylinders by means of air, steam, oil or other suitable fluid.

Abstract: Waste such as combustible trash and prime garbage is mixed with rubber tires and shredded together to produce a compacted and combustible output product which can be used as a fuel or incinerated for further compacting.The process involves interengaging rotary feeder-cutter wheels mounted on counterrotating shafts to pull materials through a feed path while shredding with the aid of shredder blades interspersed between the wheels. Feeding, mixing and conveying techniques through one or more shredder stages provide for attainment of high speed feed rates and handling of some degree solid debris such as steel belts in tires.

Abstract: There is disclosed a pinning machine having an improved plunger, an improved guide track and an improved knife assembly. The plunger has relatively movable sections threadably connected together to enable the length of the plunger to be changed so that tags can be pinned to different thicknesses of merchandise by changing the plunger length. The guide track includes a one-piece leaf spring which acts against one edge of a web tags to urge the other side of the web against an edge guide. The spring is resiliently held in captivity in a recess without being secured in the recess as by fasteners. The knife assembly includes a pair of fixed knives separated by a gap and a movable knife guided by guide means in the gap. The movable knife is floatingly or loosely mounted so that the guide means is the sole means for guiding the movable knife relative to the fixed knives.

Abstract: A tube mill is disclosed for grinding and drying granular material which comprises an elongated shell having one or more grinding chambers, and downstream of the first chamber, a dispersing compartment for receiving hot gases and material and bounded by a sieving diaphragm defining a central opening therethrough. A frustoconical sieve drum is attached to the sieving diaphragm for rotation therewith and forms a portion of an end wall of the discharge compartment.

Abstract: A drive system for a field chopper in which a belt and friction wheel transmission operates the blade drum or cutter reel and is driven from a speed-reducing and distribution drive having a number of output shafts which operate the pickup and intake elements of the harvester.

Abstract: The invention relates to a nail driving tool, acting by means of an explosive charge, which, besides the normal component parts, comprises an explosion chamber of particular shape and volume, whereby a blow applied to the rear end of the tool causes the explosive charge, compressed by the rear end of the nail driving piston in the explosion chamber, to reduce the volume of the latter according to a predetermined ratio, which reduction, in turn, originates the ignition of the explosive charge.

Abstract: A cooled horizontal axle grinder for the predispersion of solids in liquids, of the type which incorporates a grinding chamber in which are present grinding bodies such as balls generally introduced by the treated product intake port and extracted by an outlet in the lower part of the chamber. The grinder is equipped with a circulating pump for the product to be treated, which product circulates in a continuous manner through the grinding chamber. The grinder axle carries interchangeable discs or agitator elements interspersed with spacers. The grinding chamber incorporates a slot or static sieve which retains the grinding bodies in the chamber while permitting passage only of the product. The grinding chamber jacket has a helical cooling passage therein which extends axially of the grinding chamber in surrounding relationship thereto.

Abstract: A process for making a replaceable part of a sponge mop normally referred to as a refill. The refill is made by enclosing the sponge in a mold and compressing it to close the pores of the sponge on at least one side. A thermoplastic material in the molten state is then injected into the mold against at least one surface of the sponge and allowed to cool. The sponge is then removed from the mold, and water is applied to it to expand it to its original condition.

Abstract: A mill for the pulverizing and classification of particles utilizing an impact rotor to obtain the reduction of large chunks and particles of materials by impaction between lining plates and hammers mounted on the rotor. The lining plates are mounted on adjustable walls of an impact reduction chamber in a position to be impacted by the particles thrown from the impact rotor hammers. Particles are then carried by vertical air flow into vertically stacked classification chambers which are located directly above the attrition chamber. Gravity and deflector plates cause the return of some of the particles which receive a secondary impact with the impact rotor producing a continuous interchange of particles and resulting in the autogenous attrition of the particles between the rotor and lining plates. Another feature of the present invention is the utilization of a "fluidizer" to maintain the flow of particles which accumulate at the bottom of the impact reduction chamber.

Abstract: In an explosive powder charge driven fastening element setting gun, a barrel is displaceably mounted in a housing forward of a firing pin. By pressing the barrel rearwardly, it moves the firing pin into the cocked position. The firing pin is released from the cocked position by a latch which turns the firing pin about its axis. The latch includes a driving cam engageable with a lug extending laterally from the firing pin for rotating the firing pin. It also includes a return cam which guides the lug in its movement in its axial direction from the cocked position into the firing position.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for use in pulverization and/or segregation which is suitable for obtaining the desired quality of the pulverized materials. Such pulverization is performed by restricting the discharge rate of the mixture through the discharge opening and thereby controlling the quantity and time the mixture remains within the pulverizer. The pulverizer is provided with a weir at the discharge end of the drum or cylinder for such restricting purpose. Also, beaters disposed within the pulverizer are provided with safety means enabling the beaters to pivot when a relatively stiff constituent is encountered in the mixture.

Abstract: A generally vertically adjustable device is located within the discharge end of a housing such as a tubular ball mill for controlling flow into an outlet. Control of a level of accumulation in the housing, or evacution of material from the housing can be selectively effected. Operation of the device is controlled from outside of the housing, and may comprise automatic condition responsive means or manually operable means.

Abstract: This invention relates to a centrifugal sewage pump of a torque flow type having a hollow depressed backward curve in front of a shroud of an impeller, in which an outer periphery portion of a vane is projected into a water passage for the purpose of improving a pumping head and pump efficiency and simultaneously for the purpose of avoiding pump clogging caused by fibriform solid matter adhering to the front edge of the vane. In order further securely to avoid clogging of the pump due to fibriform solid matter, a cutter plate or guide plate is provided alongside the flow line, to remove fibriform solid matter from said vane front edge, so that they can be positively discharged outward. By providing a shoulder on the outer periphery of the vane projecting into the water passage, the pump permits free adjustment of pumping head without changing pump rotational speed.