Abstract: A plug having hooks in its interior, mounted for swinging movements between a collapsed or inactive position in the interior and an extended or active position on the exterior. The hooks are normally held in collapsed position by a spring, and when a fish bites and pulls the line produces a reaction on the hooks and forces them outwardly to active position. The hooks are nearly hidden, or effectively hidden, when in a collapsed position, and the plug appears generally smooth, but is provided with flexible fins.

Abstract: A plurality of molding boxes having a common center line are disposed in an aligned manner in a horizontal guideway located, in the direction in which pressure is exerted and expulsion is effected, between a pressure piston and an outwardly pivotable pressing device and the molding devices are displaceable in the guideway. One pattern carrier plate is provided between each of the individual molding boxes, and the pattern carrier plates can be moved in and out when the molding boxes are apart. A tilting device is disposed at the outlet of the machine, which selectively either allows pressed mold bodies to pass by it with the position of their seams unchanged, or tilts the mold bodies, pressed in pairs, by an angle of 90.degree..

Abstract: Process for automatically measuring the shearing resistance of green sand used in a repetitive sand molding process using pattern plates, and for using the measurements in such a way as to modulate the various parameters of the process in which a measuring ring is placed upon one of the pattern plates. The measuring ring has an opening and stress gauges fastened within narrowed sections of said measuring ring on either side of said opening. The gauges are connected electrically through the pattern plate to an electronic measurement and operation device within which various physical measurements are computed, including the shearing resistance of the test sample of sand compressed within said opening. The result of said measurements is processed by a computer to determine the magnitude of modulations to be made, particularly that pertaining to the replenishment of agglomerating agents for the recycled sand.

Abstract: A process for casting a material comprising a casting system for said material including a coolant application device. The coolant application device comprises a fluidized bed cooling system. The casting system may be a continuous or semi-continuous one and preferably employs an electromagnetic mold.

Abstract: The level of a melt in a vertically reciprocating continuous-casting mold is detected by a method wherein a nonhomogeneous steady magnetic field is formed extending horizontally through the mold into the melt generally at the melt level. This field is vertically reciprocated jointly and synchronously with the mold and its field strength is detected at a sensing location after the field passes through the mold. This location is also vertically reciprocated jointly and synchronously with the mold. The melt level is derived from the detected field strength, normally taking into account melt conductivity and relative displacement rate of the mold and melt. With the use of a steady field the effect of the mold is automatically eliminated as the field does not move appreciably relative to the mold, so it generates virtually no eddy currents in it that would generate secondary fields.

Abstract: A reworking tool for ceramic substrate hybrid circuits has a metal base for sitting on a heated surface, a support member support above the base and a pillar of heat conductive material attached to the base and extending up through an aperture in the support member. The top surfaces of pillar and support member are in a common plane. By this means a "hot spot" is produced at the top of the pillar and a hybrid circuit positioned on the support member can be so positioned that a particular component position is resting on the top of the pillar. Solder at this component position will melt and a component can be removed, or a component added or a component removed and another placed in position. Lateral sliding of the hybrid circuit laterally on the support member enables the solder to solidify.

Abstract: A process for controllng the withdrawal of a casting from a cooled, horizontal, continuous casting mold involves withdrawing the casting from the mold in a series of steps, between which steps the casting is pushed back by a partial step to insure the welding together of casting sections. A melt breakthrough of the casting skin is prevented by measuring the expansion or contraction of a wall of the mold in contact with the casting and controlling the withdrawal of the casting in response thereto.

Abstract: A method of charging molten metal into a vertical die casting machine, wherein molten metal is introduced into a lower sleeve in which a lower plunger is slidably received, to store therein a mass of molten metal having a surface level not higher than the bottom of a molten metal inlet to a mold cavity. Next, an upper plunger is lowered to a predetermined position, raising the lower plunger to urge the molten metal upwardly and move it into the mold cavity. The upper plunger can then be moved to apply pressure to the molten metal. The method ensures smooth charging of molten metal and casting of a product free of casting defects.

Abstract: A reclamation apparatus comprising a centrifugal apparatus for removing impurities from sand by abrasion and entrainment. The apparatus is used to reproduce old molding sand so as to be useable again in making molds and, comprises a cylindrical body including an old sand feed hopper and a dust attraction opening in its upper part, an open-top rotary drum in its central part and a reclaimed sand discharge opening in its lower part. The old sand supplied through the feed hopper is distributed uniformly along the peripheral portion of the bottom plate of the rotary drum by means of a distributor, and the rotary drum is rotated at a high speed to cause a shearing phenomenon in the layer of sand and cause the sand to scatter over the peripheral wall of the drum.

Abstract: A blowing sand molding machine includes a main frame to the top of which is mounted a hopper for storing sand, which hopper, at a given moment, is vertically aligned with a corresponding blowing cartridge which receives a portion of the sand so that by means of a current of pressurized air blown into the cartridge the sand passes therefrom to master plates fixed to appropriate supports. Longitudinally disposed on the main frame and below the blowing cartirdge, a pair of cylindrical bars acting as guides for the supports of the master plates, the bars or guides extending along the front and rear zones of the machine. The bar of the front zone occupies a substantially lower plane than that occupied by the bar of the rear zone. One master plate support is moved along the guides by means of a manually operated wheel, while the other support is moved along such guides with the help of a pressure cylinder.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is disclosed for making ductile iron castings. A nodulizing agent is placed into an open reaction chamber formed in the top of a mold and molten graphite iron is fed to the reaction chamber by a new and improved sealing member which is movable to cover the chamber for the required casting time. The member is designed to permit the reacted alloy to flow through the member and across the top of the mold to the inlet of a casting cavity formed in the mold and covered by the member, thereby minimizing the depth of the reaction chamber and eliminating the need for forming runner systems in the mold, both of which contribute to the production of scrap material. Also provided is the temporary storage of the molten alloyed iron in an open reservoir to enhance homogenization of the alloy and to facilitate the removal of impurities therein.

Abstract: Semiannular mold space is defined by a pair of rotary wheels and an endless belt trained around circumferential surfaces of the wheels. Molten metal is injected into the mold space upwardly so that the molten metal is statically poured into the mold. The circumferential edges of the opposing surfaces of the wheels have inclined surfaces in such a manner that the width of the mold space becomes narrower in a direction toward the axis of the wheels. The molten metal is continuously solidified by the belt and the inclined surfaces and withdrawn horizontally from the mold space as a cast strip which remains unsolidified molten metal within the upper portion of the solid shell.

Abstract: In a method for forming shaped articles from molten metallic material the melt is caused to flow from a holding vessel therefor through a refractory duct having at least one static thermally-conducting element extending transversely within the duct so dimensioned and located to both cool and stir by shear the melt flowing therethrough. The melt is cooled to a temperature within its freezing range, if it is an alloy, or at its freezing point, if it is a metal, and is stirred to precipitate a solid phase as fragmented dendrites. The cooled and stirred metal outflow from the duct is cast into shaped articles. The invention has one specific application in producing the precipitating solid phase as non-degenerate micro-crystalline particles.

Abstract: An apparatus and process for casting a material comprising a coolant application device comprising a fluidized bed coolant system. The casting is carried out utilizing a casting mold which defines a casting zone. A soundwave generating system is provided for enhancing the flow of the fluidized bed into the vicinity of the casting zone.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a bow type continuous casting process using a curved mold, wherein molten steel is continuously cast into the curved mold to obtain a curved strand, e.g. a slab, having a thickness of not less than 200 mm.The improvement of this invention resides in that the curved strand is straightened at a plurality of points at regions of the strand where the thickness of the solidified shell is not more than 60 mm. The obtained strand can be directly supplied to rolling without the necessity of removing the defects from the strand or without reheating the strand.

Abstract: In a supporting and guiding structure for a continuous casting plant, roller ways supporting the strand on two opposite sides are provided, one of the two roller ways being arranged on a first supporting framework and the other roller way being arranged on the second supporting framework which is braceable relative to the first supporting framework by drawing anchors and is connectable with the first supporting framework and detachable therefrom. In order to be able to effect the connection and release by parts that are easy to handle, a bayonet connection is provided as the connection between supporting framework and drawing anchors. The bayonet connection includes a disc having at least one recess and arranged on the supporting framework. A drawing-anchor head including a lateral neck that corresponds to this recess is insertable into the recess, and the drawing-anchor head or the disc is rotatable into a fastening position axially fixing the drawing anchor.

Abstract: A low pressure casting process using a furnace of the channel-type induction for heating, the furnace power being automatically controlled by direct temperature measuring of the molten metal bath according to the desired casting temperature. The feeding chamber of the furnace is of pressure-type and has a protective gas with a slight over-pressure. The furnace is filled via a syphon-shaped feeding chamber whereby metal is inserted below the level of molten metal in the feeding chamber and the protective gas therein is not affected. An operator starts the casting process whereby a casting mold is closed and assumes a casting position over the casting nozzle from the furnace and metal is forced into the mold. The mold, one of several on a carousel is moved to a station wherein the casting is automatically discharged to a conveyor belt. The mold next moves to an immersion bath where it is treated, and then to a preparation station wherein it may be cleaned and cores inserted.

Abstract: A hot top casing for cooperation with an ingot mold body is provided having a depending portion from which a pair of trunnions extend away from the casing and a second pair of trunnions extend toward said casing whereby each of said pairs are displaced vertically with respect to the center of gravity with one pair above and one pair below said center.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the continuous melting of silicon for use in semiconductor devices, the method tending to reduce the time and expense associated with conventional melting and forming. The method for melting silicon comprises charging silicon into a melting vessel having a drain therein, heating the silicon in the vessel to a temperature above the melting point of silicon, and allowing the molten silicon to pass through the drain out of the vessel.

Abstract: An arrangement incorporated with a mold for use in a die casting machine or an injection mold machine comprising: a gas vent passage formed in the mold communicating with a cavity of the mold; two symmetrical by-pass passages branched from the gas vent passage; a gas discharge passage communicating with the outside of the mold; and valve means including a valve chamber formed in the mold having a valve located therein and communicating with the above-mentioned passages. The valve in a first position cooperates with the valve chamber to prevent the gas vent passage from communicating with the gas discharge passage, but prevents both the gas vent passage and the by-pass passages from communicating with the gas discharge passage when in a second position.