Abstract: An anaesthetic system comprising, (a) inspiratory low pressure fresh gas supply tube adapted to receive low pressure gas and adapted for attachment of a reservoir bag tube and having a valve for control of gas to and from the reservoir bag (b) an expiratory tube comprising: (i) a valve to open or close the tube to permit from free up to totally restricted flow of gases in and out of the expiratory tube and (ii) a relief valve to permit gases to exit when pressure in the expiratory tube exceeds a predetermined value (c) the inspiratory and expiratory tubes communicating with a patient's face piece and being substantially free of restricted flow of gases whereby a universal mode of anaesthetic administration to a patient can be achieved.

Abstract: A nicotine-enhanced smoking article having a first tobacco portion and a second filter portion attached thereto. The filter portion containing filter fibers and a nicotine solution having 5-15%, by weight of total solution, nicotine or a nicotine salt in a solvent. The interaction of the combination products from the first portion with the nicotine solution results in the absorption by the combustion products of nicotine from the solution providing increased nicotine to the user.

Abstract: A tobacco smoke filter includes a smoke pervious rod of plastic material about which a smoke impervious plastic overwrap film is extruded. In the preferred embodiment, the overwrap and the rod are made of the same material, e.g., cellulose acetate. By using the same material, waste from the normal filter-making processes can be formed into granules or pellets and rendered molten for re-cycling as the raw material for the overwrap film. The resulting filter can be used with or without a tipping paper cover and can be perforated or not, as desired, to ventilate the filter rod.

Abstract: An ashtray for eliminating emitted smoke is disclosed. The ashtray defines, within its housing, a predetermined, fixed filter region. An air filter is positioned within and confined by the filter region to ensure that substantially all air passes through the filter medium of the air filter.

Abstract: A tobacco manufacturing machine including a cover which covers the whole of the machine, a plurality of openable doors disposed in positions corresponding to various portions of the machine which require a manual correction by an operator, power sources for opening and closing those doors, a plurality of sensors attached to various portions of the machine for detecting states which require such a correction and a door opening and producing signals, and control means for logically processing the signals provided from those sensors and producing an operating signal for operating the power source corresponding to the door to be opened. Since the whole of the machine is covered, it is possible to greatly reduce noise during high-speed operation. Because the doors corresponding to various portions of the machine are opened automatically, the troublesome work involved in manual operation is eliminated.

Abstract: A substantially tubular cuff adapted to enclose a part of the body and apply pressure thereto, in order to achieve and maintain, in a circumferential region of the enclosed part of the body, a fluid-and gas-depleted field and/or in order to comprise a support and/or pressure bandage. The cuff includes substantially annular chambers (4) distributed one after the other in the axial direction of the cuff and adjacent to each other, whose walls (41) consist primarily of flexible and/or elastic materials. The chambers are enclosed by a common outer circumferential pressure cell (3) which extends in the axial direction of the cuff and which is provided with connection devices (12,13) in order to pressurize the cell (3) by a pressure medium from an external pressure source (14). The pressure cell has a wall (5) which faces the chambers (4) and is connected or integral with valve devices (6) to shut or open communication devices for passage of a pressure medium between adjacent chambers.

Abstract: A cervical traction tong assembly for mounting cranial pins to the head of a spinal fracture patient. The cervical tong assembly includes an arcuate central support member having a pair of movable coupling assemblies connected to the ends thereof for radial movement relative to the central support. A pair of straps for carrying cranial pins are rotatably mounted to each of the coupling assemblies. The coupling assemblies and the rotatable straps may be adjusted to position cranial pins at desired locations upon a patient's head and to provide a traction force vector at any predetermned angle.

Abstract: Filter cigarettes are produced by uniting tobacco sections (12, 122) and filter portions (21, 120) with a wrapper (28, 124) which carries a relatively thick circumferential bead (126) of adhesive or other filler material to provide an effective seal around the cigarette. The cigarettes may be assembled on parallel assembly lines (16, 18) supplied with tobacco sections from a common maker line (10) by a carrier conveyor (14) arranged to supply alternate sections to different assembly lines disposed at 90.degree. to the maker line.

Abstract: An arrangement for transporting, storing, and blending tobacco employs a plurality of ventilated containers, each containing bales of a designated grade of tobacco. Containers are stored side-by-side and stacked several containers high, and rows of stacked containers are placed back-to-back so that all of the doors face outwardly. Following storage, the containers with various grades of tobacco are moved to a blending conveyor belt, and bales from the various containers are combined on the belt to form moxules of tobacco of a desired blend.

Abstract: An elongated base is provided including front and rear ends and the rear end includes an elevated seat portion. The forward end of the base includes upright standard projecting upwardly to a level above the seat and a rearwardly and upwardly inclined support arm is mounted from the upper end of the standard. The rear upper end of the support arm includes a rearwardly facing chest pad in general vertical registry with and spaced above the forward marginal edge of the seat. The support arm is mounted from the standard for forward and upward swinging of the rear end of the support arm from a lower limit position thereof and the support arm additionally supports a head (forehead) rest supported therefrom at an elevation above the chest pad and mounted from the support arm for front to rear adjustment relative to the chest pad.

Abstract: A smoking article, such as a cigarette, has a filter which incorporates a volatile smoke-modifying agent. The filter comprises zeolite granules impregnated with the volatile agent. A cavity-type of filter may contain between 10 and 200 mg of mentholated zeolite granules. The loading level of a menthol on the zeolite granules may be within a range of from 3 to 60 mg/g. Cellulose-acetate plugs may be provided at the ends of the filter cavity.

Abstract: An obstetrical instrument for rupturing in a safe and easy manner the foetal membranes of a pregnant woman in order to release the amniotic fluid contained in these membranes. The instrument comprises an elongated tubular member preferably made of a semi-rigid plastic material, which member is adapted to be inserted into the woman's vagina until its front end is in contact with the foetal membranes to be ruptured. A piston manually actuatable by a rod extending outwardly of the tubular member through the rear end thereof is movably mounted inside this member to create, when actuated, a vacuum sufficient to draw to a certain extent the foetal membranes inside this tubular member. Piercing pins are provided inside the tubular member for rupturing the foetal membranes when these membranes are so drawn inside the member on actuation of the piston with the rod.

Abstract: A mouthpiece element for a cigarette comprises a duct which extends from the periphery of the element at a first location, spaced from the mouth end of the element, to the mouth end of the element at a second location, spaced from the periphery of the element. The element is attached to a cigarette rod by tipping which permits the ingress of air to the duct at the first location. Preferably, during smoking the ratio of the velocity of air issuing from the duct at the second location to the velocity of smoke issuing from the mouth end of the element is in excess of at least ten.

Abstract: This invention is a cigarette extinguisher which can readily be inserted into a conventional pack of cigarettes or the pocket of a user. It comprises a hollow cylinder with open ends, sized to store therein a lighted cigarette. A removable end cap covers one end to removably seal the same. A slidable keeper is mounted proximate the open end to releasably hold via a friction fit a cigarette inserted therein.

Abstract: A surgical instrument is especially adapted for use in various surgical procedures including use in removing disk material between vertebrae. The instrument has a handle and a flat working portion or body. The edges adjacent to the corners at the forward end of the body are sharpened to provide the cutting edges. The instrument is placed between the vertebrae and rotated back and forth to remove disk material.

Abstract: A smoking article in the form of a filter cigarette can have adjustable air dilution provided by alignment of perforations in the paper wrap of the tobacco rod, a band circumscribing the rod, and the tipping paper. The band is attached to the rod and the tipping is movable relative thereto. Perforations extending about a portion of the circumferential distance around the smoking article allow the user to adjust the setting to low or high air dilution.

Abstract: In a manual apparatus for tamping cigarette tubes with tobacco, comprising a casing having a tobacco compressing chamber disposed in the longitudinal direction thereof, a cover-type press bar associated with this tobacco compressing chamber and located in a cover that covers the casing and being swingable about an axis, as well as an ejector slide, which is connected with a spoon 25 that carries a plug of tobacco, for introducing the pressed tobacco plug into a cigarette tube intermittently clampingly held against a short socket, a clamping element embodied such as to separate the clamping operation from the filling operation is provided. The clamping element (14) for a cigarette tube (4) mounted on the short socket (3) is independent of the cover (6) and is controlled by the ejector slide (7). It is spring loaded and disposed laterally beside the short socket (3).

Abstract: An aspiration device for delivering a controlled dosage of a drug to a smoker's mouth and lungs comprises an elongated container adapted to be positioned within a cigarette or other smoking article adjacent the end intended to be held in the smoker's mouth. The container holds a supply of a drug which is aspirated directly into the smoker's mouth as a result of the suction applied by the smoker to the end of the cigarette. An air inlet port communicates with the outer surface of the cigarette and permits air to enter the container in response to the partial vacuum created by the applied suction. The drug held within the container is discharged through an exit orifice thereof which is coplanar with the end of the cigarette, so that mixing of the drug with the tobacco smoke occurs within the mouth of the smoker, at reduced temperature and lower smoke concentration.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for detecting and removing foreign material which may be found in a stream of particulate matter, such as tobacco. The tobacco is allowed to fall in a cascade past an optical detector. The turbulence of the falling motion brings a large proportion of the particles in the cascade into the field of view of the detector. When foreign material is detected, a signal is generated to activate a fluid blast directed at the portion of the cascade in which the foreign material is located.

Abstract: The invention has for its object a cut-tobacco distributing device for cigarette making machines.The distributing device includes a rotating drum (2) provided with points (3) which takes or receives the cut tobacco.This drum (2) provided with points (3) cooperates with a rotating detaching cylinder (18) which takes the cut tobacco from the said drum (2).According to the invention, in order to reduce the mechanical stresses which exert a degrading action on the cut tobacco, the points (3) of the drum (2) are retractable inside the drum (2) itself and are controlled by cams (8, 9) which retract them, temporarily, in a complete or almost complete way in the region of the detaching cylinder (18).The latter is constructed as a pneumatic suction cylinder without points.