Abstract: The present disclosure relates to power conversion, and more particularly, to systems, methods, apparatuses, and integrated circuits for power conversion with improved regulator control. In one embodiment, a power converter system is disclosed, comprising: a power conversion circuit; a linear regulator; a first switching device electrically coupled between an output of the power conversion circuit and an output of the linear regulator; and a control circuitry electrically coupled to the first switching device. In this power conversion circuit, after a voltage at the output of the power conversion circuit exceeds a reference voltage, the control circuitry is configured to discharge an output capacitance of the linear regulator until a voltage at the output of the linear regulator is substantially the same as the voltage at the output of the power conversion circuit.

Abstract: A power semiconductor module has a substrate that has an electrically non-conductive insulating layer and a first metal layer on the insulating layer and forms conductor tracks, with power semiconductor components arranged on the first metal layer and electrically connected to the first metal layer and having a DC voltage connection device that has a first, second and third flat conductor connection element that are arranged on an end region of the power semiconductor module and that are electrically conductively connected to the first metal layer. During operation, the first and second flat conductor connection elements have a first electrical polarity and the third flat conductor connection element has a second electrical polarity.

Abstract: It is described a voltage regulator device (100), comprising: i) a power device (150), configured to receive an input signal (151) and to produce a corresponding output signal (152); ii) a comparator device (110), coupled via a feedback path (140) to the power device (150), and configured to receive the output signal (152) as a feedback signal (141), and to produce a compared feedback signal (112); and iii) a digital modulation device (120), arranged between the comparator device (110) and the power device (150), and configured to digitally modulate the compared feedback signal (112), and to provide the digitally modulated signal (121) to the power device (150), wherein the digital modulation device (120) comprises: iiia) a delta-sigma (122), iiib) a quantizer (124), and iiic) a feedforward path (128), configured to feedforward the compared feedback signal (112) beyond the delta-sigma (122).

Abstract: An electric power source includes: a battery defining a state of charge; a converter in electrical communication with the battery; and a controller in operable communication with the converter, the controller including a compensation toggle circuit configured to provide a compensation toggle value based on a power output of the battery; a dynamic droop control circuit configured to receive the compensation toggle value and switch an output droop value of the dynamic droop control circuit from an upper output droop measurement to a lower output droop measurement, wherein the lower output droop measurement is based on the state of charge of the battery.

Abstract: An embedded power supply apparatus is partially buried in an enclosed structure, is configured to provide a first DC voltage to a plurality of electronic devices, and includes a first power conversion circuit, a plurality of switch circuits, a human-machine interface module and a control circuit. The first power conversion circuit is configured to convert an input AC voltage into the first DC voltage and provide the first DC voltage to the switch circuits. The switch circuits each is configured to selectively transmit the first DC voltage to a corresponding electronic device of the electronic devices according to a corresponding first control signal of a plurality of first control signals. The control circuit is configured to receive a second control signal generated by the human-machine interface module, and generate the first control signals to the switch circuits according to the second control signal.

Abstract: A ripple control method for a modular cascaded power conversion device is provided. The method obtains, according to a grid voltage vector of three-phase AC power, a second-order fluctuating voltage superposition vector representing the total amount of second-order fluctuating voltages on respective floating DC sides of the three phases; determines a single-phase power control amount of each phase to be transferred from the floating DC sides to a low-voltage DC side; determines a single-module power control amount of each power module to be transferred to a low-voltage DC side thereof; and generates a single-module control signal for controlling the power module, so as to transfer a second-order fluctuating voltage on a floating DC side of the power module to the low-voltage DC side thereof. A modular cascaded power conversion device is also provided.

Abstract: In various implementations, string inverter circuit configurations are provided that allow for increased device lifetimes. In one implementation, for example, an inverter includes a pair of inverter input terminals. A ground-balancing converter module is coupled between the pair of inverter input terminals and ground. The ground is disposed between each of the pair of inverter input terminals. A plurality of converter modules is coupled to an output of the ground-balancing converter module, each of the plurality of converter modules providing an output ac phase of the inverter. In another implementation, a method of controlling an inverter is provided. The method includes controlling a voltage level of each terminal of the pair of inverter input terminals to have equal magnitudes and opposite polarities with respect to a ground voltage.

Abstract: A system (100) for stabilising a power grid (102), comprising a generator (104), configured to provide power to the power grid (102), the power having an active power component and a reactive power component, and a power line (106), configured to transmit power from the generator (104) to the power grid (102). The system (100) comprises a thyristor controlled braking resistor (TCBR) (108) arranged on the power line (106), and a capacitor (110) electrically connected in series with the TCBR (108). The TCBR (108) absorbs at least a portion of the reactive power component from the generator (104) during a fault on the power line (106) and the capacitor (110) is configured to compensate for the at least a portion of the reactive power component absorbed by the TCBR (108).

Abstract: The invention relates to an input device (1) for safety-relevant functions of a motor vehicle, having a switch contact (3) with a first connection (4) and a mating contact (5) with a second connection (6). A first resistor (9) is connected between a voltage supply connection (8) and one connection (4, 6) of the switch element (2) and a second voltage supply connection (7) is connected to the other connection (4, 6) of the switch element (2). A measuring node (10), via which an actuation-dependent voltage can be captured, is provided between the first resistor (9) and the associated connection (4, 6). The problem addressed by the invention is that of developing input devices of the type in question such that they can be used for safety-relevant applications in the motor vehicle. This problem is solved by the switch contact (3) having a third connection (12) at which a second resistor (13), which is connected to the second connection (6) of the switch element (2), is provided.

Abstract: A system is provided which comprises a power converter circuit, a plurality of DC-DC converter circuits, and a controller. The power converter circuit is configured to convert an AC voltage to a DC voltage. The DC-DC converter circuits are configured to convert the DC voltage output from the power converter circuit into respective regulated DC voltages. The controller is configured to control and program operations of the DC-DC converter circuits.

Abstract: A disclosed electric fence system includes an electric fence; an energizer for generating a plurality of electric pulses applied to the electric fence; a detection circuit for monitoring a voltage of the electric fence; and a grounding device for grounding the electric fence when the electric fence is off. The grounding device is connected to the electric fence, the energizer, the detection circuit, and the ground.

Abstract: An AC busbar for connecting at least three phases from a semiconductor switching unit to a load is provided. The AC busbar parallelly connects the at least three phases and provides current balancing. The AC busbar has a terminal-side conductor mechanically connectable to each AC terminal of the semiconductor switching unit and a load-side conductor positioned between the terminal-side conductor and the load. A distance between the terminal-side conductor and the load-side conductor is such that a difference in an inductance between a connection point for a respective AC terminal of each phase and a common point on a middle of the load-side conductor is less than a predetermined percentage with respect to an average of the respective inductances.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling a neutral point voltage of a three-phase resonant-earthed electric network, the apparatus including determining means configured to determine a target value for the neutral point voltage of the three-phase resonant-earthed electric network, calculating means configured to calculate at least one phase-specific control admittance or a neutral point specific control admittance required for controlling the neutral point voltage of the three-phase resonant-earthed electric network from a prevailing value to the determined target value, and admittance means configured to add the calculated at least one phase-specific control admittance between a ground and a respective phase of the three-phase resonant-earthed electric network or the calculated neutral point specific control admittance between the ground and a neutral point of the three-phase resonant-earthed electric network.

Abstract: A buck converter includes a high-side N-FET, a low-side N-FET, a P-FET, a between a gate terminal and a source terminal of the P-FET, aa capacitor, and a FET driver. The FET driver operates in a selectable one of a continuous current mode and a discontinuous current mode. In a first phase of the discontinuous current mode, a gate voltage on the gate terminal the N-FET equalizes to a source voltage on the source terminal of the N-FET to turn on the first N-FET. A high output voltage on a high-side output of the FET driver is high enough to overcome a threshold voltage of a body diode of the first P-FET to provide the high output voltage minus a threshold voltage to the gate terminal of the high-side P-FET to turn on the high-side P-FET.

Abstract: A fully-distributed reactive voltage control method, includes: establishing a power grid reactive voltage optimization model of a power grid; parting the power grid reactive voltage optimization model into a plurality of area reactive voltage optimization models of a plurality of areas of the power grid; converting a power flow equation constraint in each of the plurality of area reactive voltage optimization models to a linear regression model; solving the linear regression model by using a robust recursive regression algorithm to obtain a solution result of the linear regression model; solving each of the plurality of area reactive voltage optimization models by using the solution result of the linear regression model, a gradient projection algorithm, and an alternating direction multiplier algorithm, so as to realize a reactive voltage optimization control of each of the plurality of areas.

Abstract: A system includes a voltage booster circuit to receive an input voltage and provide an output voltage. A first device that is coupled to the voltage booster circuit to receive a digitized input voltage and a digitized output voltage and to determine, based on the digitized input voltage and the digitized output voltage, a first threshold level for the voltage booster circuit to operate in a pulse frequency modulation (PFM) mode. A second device that is coupled to the voltage booster circuit to receive the input voltage and the output voltage and to determine a second threshold level for the voltage booster circuit to operate in the PFM mode. A selector device that is coupled to the first device and the second device to select one of the first threshold level or the second threshold level for the voltage booster circuit.

Abstract: A switching regulator may include; an inductor connected to a switch node, a power switch connected to the switch node and configured to apply a first voltage to the switch node in response to a first control signal and to apply a second voltage to the switch node in response to a second control signal, and a controller configured to generate the first control signal and the second control signal. The second control signal transitions from low to high following a first dead time after the first control signal transitions from low to high, the first control signal transitions from high to low following a second dead time after the second control signal transitions from high to low level, and an inductor current flowing through the inductor flows in a first direction during the first dead time and in a second direction, different from the first direction, during the second dead time.

Abstract: A flyback circuit and a control method of a clamping switch of the flyback circuit are provided. The flyback circuit includes a transformer, a main switch, a clamping capacitor, a clamping switch, and a secondary rectifier unit. The transformer includes primary and secondary windings with a turns ratio of K. The main switch and the primary winding are connected in series to receive an input voltage. The clamping switch and the clamping capacitor are connected in series and then connected to the primary winding in parallel. The secondary rectifier unit and the secondary winding are connected in series to provide an output voltage to a load. The control method includes: when a product of K and the output voltage is greater than or equal to the input voltage, controlling the clamping switch to turn on M times during N consecutive switching cycles of the main switch, where I?M<N.

Abstract: A power switch current sensing circuit includes matching first and second transistors having sources connected to first and second terminals, respectively, of the power switch. A current mirror has a first node coupled to a drain of the first transistor and a second node coupled to a drain of the second transistor. The current mirror sinks a current from the first node equal to a current flowing through the second transistor. A biasing circuit provides a same biasing voltage to the control terminals of the first and second transistors. An output resistance is coupled between the first node and a reference voltage node. A difference between a current flowing through the first transistor and the current sunk by the current mirror circuit from the first node flows through the output resistance. An output voltage produced at the first node is indicative of the current flowing through the power switch.

Abstract: A charger integrated circuit includes a bidirectional switching converter including first to fourth switching elements connected in series, an inductor connected to a third switching element, and a capacitor connected to a second switching element and the third switching element, and a controller configured to generate, a first PWM signal and a second PWM signal based on sensing signals from the bidirectional switching converter, and a first switching signal controlling first and fourth switching elements based on the first PWM signal in response to an average of an inductor current being positive, a second switching signal controlling second and third switching elements based on the second PWM signal, and generate the first switching signal based on the second PWM signal, and the second switching signal based on the first PWM signal in response to the average value of the inductor current being negative.