Abstract: A process of leaching ores, ore concentrates, intermediate metallurgical products and the like, which contain acid-soluble constituents, by a treatment in an acid aqueous solution under pressure in a tubular reactor. The slurry contains suitably 300 to 1100 g starting material per liter of water and a velocity of flow of 0.5 to 4.0 m/sec. is suitably maintained throughout the flow path in the tubular reactor of the slurry and of the leached suspension.

Abstract: M-Type ferrites of the formula AFe.sub.12 O.sub.19, Me.sub.2 Y-type ferrites of the formula A.sub.2 Me.sub.2 Fe.sub.12 O.sub.22 or spinel-type ferrites of the formula MeFe.sub.2 O.sub.4, where A is Ba, Sr, Pb and/or Ca and Me is Zn, Mn, Co, Cu, Fe(II) and/or 1/2(Li(I)+Fe(III)), are prepared by a process wherein iron(II) sulfate hydrate is dehydrated and oxidized and then mixed with sodium carbonate and/or potassium carbonate and salts and/or oxides of other A and/or Me cations required in addition to Fe(III) for ferrite formation, the mixture is heated at from 700.degree. to 1,200.degree. C., and the resulting ferrite is isolated by leaching with water.

Abstract: A process for the production of alumina from aluminum-containing mineral ores, such as bauxite, comprising comminuting the aluminum-containing mineral ore, then reacting the comminuted mineral ore at an elevated temperature with an aqueous solution having at least 150 grams per liter of sodium bicarbonate which forms a solid reaction product containing dawsonite and impurities, and finally converting the dawsonite to alumina.

Abstract: Gallium contained in a solution, especially a strongly basic aqueous solution can be effectively recovered by contacting the solution with a chelate resin having (A) .dbd.NOH group and (B) functional group capable of forming a chelate bond with said functional group (A) through gallium or a chelate resin having metal salt of said functional group to adsorb gallium to the resin.

Abstract: A process for recovery of vanadium and molybdenum from a feed material containing compounds of these metals by reacting at an effective pH an aqueous solution of vanadate and molybdate anions with a quaternary ammonium surfactant dissolved in an organic solvent which is immiscible with water and separating a vanadate anion rich phase from a molybdate anion rich phase.

Abstract: The specification discloses new and improved processes for forming water-free metal or non-metal oxide materials, which may then be melted and formed into optical components in vitreous or crystal form, which are free of the hydrogen-impurity absorption in the near infrared wavelength range. In one process, a water-free oxide is prepared by reacting a chosen nonpolar compound containing the desired metal or non-metal with an aprotic oxygen-containing compound to form the oxide as a precipitate in a chosen aprotic nonaqueous liquid solvent which provides a water-free environment during the formation of the oxide, to prevent the inclusion of water and water-derived impurities in the oxide as formed.

Abstract: An improved process is provided for producing via ACH anhydrous aluminum chloride suitable for electrolytic reduction to aluminum wherein the feed ACH is acid leach derived. In a preferred embodiment the acid leach derived ACH is single stage crystallized.

Abstract: In accordance with the invention, spent liquor from an alumina precipitation stage is contacted with an extraction fluid to separate the mixture into a first layer comprising the extraction fluid and at least a portion of the caustic from the spent liquor and a second layer which comprises the remainder of the spent liquor. The spent liquor may then be subjected to a further precipitation to recover further alumina. The spent liquor remaining may be further treated in subsequent extraction steps to concentrate and dispose of undesirable impurities remaining.

Abstract: The specification discloses new and improved processes for forming water-free metal or non-metal oxide materials, which may then be melted and formed into optical components in vitreous or crystal form, which are free of the hydrogen-impurity absorption in the near infrared wavelength range. In one process a water-free oxide is prepared by reacting a chosen organic compound containing oxygen bonded to an atom of the metal or non-metal, with a chosen organic acid anhydride to form an intermediate product which is then decomposed to form the desired oxide and to simultaneously regenerate the organic acid anhydride. The regenerated organic acid anhydride reacts with and removes traces of water and water-derived impurities during the formation of the desired oxide and prevents the inclusion of these impurities in the oxide as formed.

Abstract: A flue for cooling the flow of reaction product from the high temperature oxidation of a metal halide to the metal oxide in the presence of oxygen, said flue comprising a first section wherein the cross-sectional area is increased thereby decreasing the turbulence of the flow and a second section wherein the cross-sectional area is decreased thereby increasing the velocity or turbulence of the flow and the process for using said flue to produce an agglomerate of TiO.sub.2 particles that are readily filterable and easily ground.

Abstract: The specification discloses a process for forming a water-free rare earth oxychloride powder by exposing a water-containing rare earth oxide powder to a reactive atmosphere of chlorine and oxygen at 1000.degree. C. for 24 hours to remove water impurities from the oxide powder and to simultaneously convert the oxide powder to the oxychloride powder.

Abstract: Titanium tetrachloride is produced from titanium ore and reductant suspended in molten salt by the passage of chlorine therethrough. The titanium tetrachloride is scrubbed by passage through at least one scrubber of molten salt and oxidized to produce titanium oxide and chlorine. Chlorine is recaptured as a solute in cold titanium tetrachloride and then liberated and recycled.

Abstract: A process for the removal of arsenic compounds from tungsten and/or molybdenum concentrates by selective extraction, characterized in that the concentrates are extracted with an aqueous solution of a ferric compound of a pH below 2.5 and a temperature of at least 60.degree. C.

Abstract: To improve reactor throughput and raw material utilization, the direct synthesis process for producing sodium aluminum tetrahydride is conducted in a semi-continuous manner whereby in at least one run (and preferably in each of a plurality of successive runs) the reaction is conducted (and preferably the respective reactions are conducted) to a stage at or before which the reaction rate would begin to significantly decrease due to consumption of the sodium. At that stage at least a portion of the liquid reaction solution is separated from the unreacted aluminum and sodium to leave a highly active sodium- and aluminum- containing heel for use in initiating the ensuing run. Preferably the aluminum used in at least some of the runs contains a reaction-promoting amount of another metal such as titanium. Use of an ether reaction medium (which need not be pre-treated to remove small amounts of alcohols and/or water) is also preferred. Sodium aluminum tetrahydride is a well-known chemical reducing agent.

Abstract: A combined process for preparing alumina and alpha-olefins (.alpha.-olefins) is disclosed. The process comprises:(a) reacting tri-(C.sub.2 to C.sub.24) alkylaluminum with ethylene in the presence of nickel catalyst to form triethylaluminum and C.sub.2 to C.sub.24 .alpha.-olefins,(b) adding aluminum tri-(C.sub.4 to C.sub.8) alcoholate to the reaction product of step (a),(c) equilibrating the admixture of step (b) so that substantially all of the triethylaluminum is converted into aluminum ethyl alcoholates, compounds with at least one C.sub.4 to C.sub.8 alcoholate group per molecule,(d) subjecting the equilibrated mixture of step (c) to a fractionation to recover, (1) a C.sub.2 to C.sub.24 .alpha.-olefin fraction, and (2) an aluminum ethyl alcoholate fraction (a mixture of compounds with the general formula Al(C.sub.2 H.sub.6).sub.X (OC.sub.6 H.sub.13).sub.Y (where X is 0 to 2 and Y is 3 to 1) and X+Y=3).(e) adding C.sub.4 to C.sub.8 alcohol to the aluminum ethyl alcoholate fraction to form aluminum tri-(C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the production of alumina and, more specifically, to a process for desilication of aluminate solutions.The process of desilication according to the present invention comprises treatment of the aluminate solution first with a calcium-containing reagent "a" which is a product of the reaction of desilication of the aluminate solution; reagent "a" contains mainly calcium hydrogarnet of the formula:3CaO.Al.sub.2 O.sub.3.nSiO.sub.2 (6-2n)H.sub.2 Owherein n.ltoreq.1, and then with a reagent "b" of the formula:4CaO.Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 (0.1-0.6)X.mH.sub.2 Owherein X is CO.sub.2 and/or SO.sub.3 ; m=8 to 15. The treatment of the aluminate solution with reagent "a" is carried out for 0.5 to 2 hours at a temperature ranging from 40.degree. to 105.degree. C. Weight ratio of reagents "a" and "b" is maintained within the range of from 1:1 to 3:1.The process according to the present invention is useful in the manufacture of alumina.

Abstract: A process for recovering molybdenum values from a spent catalyst solution obtained from a crude reaction product of a molybdenum catalyzed epoxidation of an olefin with an organic hydroperoxide from which crude reaction product epoxide and alcohol corresponding to the hydroperoxide is removed, which process comprises vacuum evaporation without suppressed vaporization of the spent catalyst solution feed.

Abstract: A process is disclosed wherein tungsten is recovered from hazardous waste material containing said tungsten, arsenic, and other impurities which can consist of magnesium, phosphorus, and silicon and the resulting waste is treated to render it nonhazardous according to EPA standards for arsenic. Said process involves digesting said hazardous waste material in an aqueous solution of an alkali metal hydroxide, adjusting the pH of the resulting solution to about 11.0 to about 13.0 with NaOH to precipitate essentially all of the magnesium and silicon species, filtering the digestion mix to remove the solids from said resulting solution which contains about 80 to about 100% of said tungsten and essentially none of said magnesium and said silicon, slurrying the hazardous solids in hot water, and adding to the slurry a ferric salt solution to precipitate ferric hydroxide, filtering this mixture to give a solid which passes the EPA standard test for solids with respect to arsenic.

Abstract: A process for the recovery of valuable metals from metallic alloys having iron as their principal constituent is disclosed in which the metal is leached by means of a sulfuric acid solution having such a concentration that a nearly saturated salt solution is obtained, and after the separation of a possible leach residue the solution is heated close to the boiling point, at which time an acid solution is added in an amount corresponding to the salt which has passed out of the solution, in order to crystallize the salt mixture, the crystallized material is separated from the solution and is decomposed under sulfating conditions, whereafter the metal salts are leached out from the iron oxide by means of water.

Abstract: A process for the purification of solutions containing sodium or potassium carbonate, sulphate, hydroxide or hydrogen carbonate, and mainly at least one of the metals belonging to the group formed by vanadium, uranium or molybdenum, in the form of sodium or potassium salts, and inorganic and/or organic impurities, wherein the above-mentioned solutions are completely or partially caustified by the addition of an adequate amount of lime, whereby a first precipitate essentially containing calcium carbonate is separated, and the separated liquor is concentrated by evaporation until the hydroxide content is at most equal to 50%, to cause the production of a second precipitate which essentially comprises sodium or potassium sulphate, then, after separation thereof, a hydroxide-rich liquor is collected.This process is more particularly adapted for treatments of liquors resulting from the alkaline attach of vanadiferous and uraniferous ores.